1，自己定义数字范围分片
自己定义数字范围分片，提前规划好分片字段某个范围属于哪个分片，比方说将第一个500W的数据分片在第一个节点上面。第二个500W的数据分片在第二个节点上，依次类推
2，加入配置文件
在function.xml里面进行配置：
<!-- 对自己定义数字分片规则rang-long-tr04的定义 -->
<function name="rang-long-04" class="org.opencloudb.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
<property name="mapFile">autopartition-long04.txt</property>
<property name="defaultNode">0</property>
<property name="type">0</property>
</function>
<!-- 对表进行分片的描写叙述。字段以及分片规则 -->
<tableRule name="rang-long-tr04">
<rule>
<columns>ID</columns>
<algorithm>rang-long-04</algorithm>
</rule>
</tableRule>在schema.xml里面进行配置：
<table name="ORDER0401" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn21,dn22" rule="rang-long-tr04"/>
autopartition-long04.txt文件的配置：
[root@crm_idc_squid_1_11 conf]# more autopartition-long04.txt
0-500M=0
500M-1000M=1
1000M-1500M=2
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@crm_idc_squid_1_11 conf]# 注意： 此配置很easy。即预先制定可能的id范围到某个分片。全部的节点配置都是从0開始。及0代表节点1
3，建表而且录入数据
CREATE TABLE ORDER0401(ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,PROVINCE VARCHAR(16),SN VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATETIME);
mysql> CREATE TABLE ORDER0401(ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,PROVINCE VARCHAR(16),SN VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATETIME);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql>
INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW());
INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(5000001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_5000001',NOW());
mysql> explain INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW());
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| dn21 | INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW()) |
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(5000001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_5000001',NOW());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 4，对insert操作流程进行分析。參考mycat.log对路由过程做完整的分析
查看后台mycat.log分析例如以下：
開始获取连接：
02/12 21:17:13.614 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=1, schema=TESTDB, host=127.0.0.1, user=test,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=TESTDB]INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW())
開始建立缓存：
02/12 21:17:13.615 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (RouterUtil.java:951) -try to find cache by primary key
02/12 21:17:13.616 INFO [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (DefaultLayedCachePool.java:80) -create child Cache: TESTDB_ORDER0401 for layered cache TableID2DataNodeCache, size 10000, expire seconds 18000
02/12 21:17:13.616 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (CacheManager.java:794) -Attempting to create an existing singleton. Existing singleton returned.
02/12 21:17:13.616 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (Cache.java:955) -No BootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class specified. Skipping...
02/12 21:17:13.617 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (Cache.java:929) -CacheWriter factory not configured. Skipping...
02/12 21:17:13.618 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (MemoryStore.java:153) -Initialized net.sf.ehcache.store.NotifyingMemoryStore for TableID2DataNodeCache.TESTDB_ORDER0401
02/12 21:17:13.619 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (Cache.java:1165) -Initialised cache: TableID2DataNodeCache.TESTDB_ORDER0401
開始路由匹配：
02/12 21:17:13.621 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=1, schema=TESTDB, host=127.0.0.1, user=test,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=TESTDB]INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW()), route={
1 -> dn21{INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW())}
} rrs
匹配好路由后。直接往相应的dn21节点開始运行insert数据录入操作：
02/12 21:17:13.624 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=8, lastTime=1455283033608, user=root, schema=db3, old shema=db3, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=52, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn21{INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW())}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn21{INSERT INTO ORDER0401(ID,PROVINCE,SN,CREATE_TIME) VALUES(10001,'shanghai','shanghai10006_10000',NOW())}, packetId=0], host=13.217.1.11, port=3317, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=true]
连接释放：
02/12 21:17:13.624 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel MySQLConnection [id=8, lastTime=1455283033608, user=root, schema=db3, old shema=db3, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=52, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=13.217.1.11, port=3317, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]5，运行简单的查询。假设指定分片字段ID字段，则走分片查询单个分片节点
mycat命令台显示结果：
mysql> explain select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001;
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
| dn22 | select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001 |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.08 sec)
mysql> select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001;
+---------+----------+-----------------------+---------------------+
| ID | PROVINCE | SN | CREATE_TIME |
+---------+----------+-----------------------+---------------------+
| 5000001 | shanghai | shanghai10006_5000001 | 2016-02-12 21:18:17 |
+---------+----------+-----------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 查看后台mycat日志信息：
02/12 21:44:01.116 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=1, schema=TESTDB, host=127.0.0.1, user=test,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=TESTDB]select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001
02/12 21:44:01.117 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:TESTDBselect * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001
02/12 21:44:01.118 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (RouterUtil.java:951) -try to find cache by primary key
02/12 21:44:01.118 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -TableID2DataNodeCache.TESTDB_ORDER0401 miss cache ,key:5000001
02/12 21:44:01.118 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=1, schema=TESTDB, host=127.0.0.1, user=test,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=TESTDB]select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001, route={
1 -> dn22{select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001}
} rrs
02/12 21:44:01.119 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source hostM2 for dataHost:m2
02/12 21:44:01.120 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=17, lastTime=1455284641106, user=root, schema=db3, old shema=db3, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=59, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn22{select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn22{select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID=5000001}, packetId=7], host=13.217.1.11, port=3327, statusSync=org.opencloudb.mysql.nio.MySQLConnection$StatusSync@6d1ef03, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/12 21:44:01.121 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel MySQLConnection [id=17, lastTime=1455284641106, user=root, schema=db3, old shema=db3, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=59, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=13.217.1.11, port=3327, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]6。假设分片字段范围的查询，则走全部节点去检索，哪怕仅仅有一条数据在一个分片上。route路由也是走全部的分片进行检索查询
mysql> explain select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.ID<50000;
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| dn21 | SELECT * FROM ORDER0401 t1 WHERE t1.ID < 50000 LIMIT 100 |
| dn22 | SELECT * FROM ORDER0401 t1 WHERE t1.ID < 50000 LIMIT 100 |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> 7，假设不走分片字段的查询。即使是单个数据，也要route路由全部的分片，走全部的分片进行查询
mysql> explain select * from ORDER0401 t1 where t1.SN='shanghai10006_10000';
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| dn21 | SELECT * FROM ORDER0401 t1 WHERE t1.SN = 'shanghai10006_10000' LIMIT 100 |
| dn22 | SELECT * FROM ORDER0401 t1 WHERE t1.SN = 'shanghai10006_10000' LIMIT 100 |
+-----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>