一：异常捕捉处理
首先，在我们需要区分controller的类型。是全部基层controller,还是Apicontroller。（当然一般API框架，用的都是Apicontroller）。两者异常处理是不同的。
1.apicontroller webapi框架错误处理：
首先在App_Start里添加一个新类，继承于ExceptionFilterAttribute类
public class WebApiExceptionFilterAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute { //重写基类的异常处理方法 #region public override void OnException(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext) { //2.返回调用方具体的异常信息 if (actionExecutedContext.Exception is NotImplementedException) { var oResponse = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotImplemented); //oResponse.Content = new StringContent("方法不被支持"); oResponse.Content = new StringContent(actionExecutedContext.Exception.Message); oResponse.ReasonPhrase = "This Func is Not Supported"; actionExecutedContext.Response = oResponse; } else if (actionExecutedContext.Exception is TimeoutException) { actionExecutedContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.RequestTimeout); } //.....这里可以根据项目需要返回到客户端特定的状态码。如果找不到相应的异常，统一返回服务端错误500 else { // actionExecutedContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError); //注释掉错误信息的展示，显示统一的错误 var Message = JsonHelper.GetJsonString(new { Errorcode = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, message = actionExecutedContext.Exception.Message}); //写日志 ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(GoodsController)); log.Error(Message, new Exception("Error异常")); // 自定义message的错误信息 //var Message =JsonHelper.GetJsonString(new {Errorcode = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, message = "接口调用失败，请检查传入参数是否正确"}); var oResponse = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { //Content = new StringContent(actionExecutedContext.Exception.Message), Content = new StringContent(Message), ReasonPhrase = "Error" }; actionExecutedContext.Response = oResponse; } base.OnException(actionExecutedContext); } #endregion }
看个人需求是全局捕捉错误，还是区域捕捉。
全局：Global里加上这句。GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new WebApiExceptionFilterAttribute());
区域： 这ApiController或是方法名称前加一个特性就OK了。
2.继承controller的 还是MVC那一套（在Global中添加 Application_Error方法）
protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) { // 在出现未处理的错误时运行的代码 HttpContext ctx = HttpContext.Current; Exception exception = ctx.Server.GetLastError(); Exception exception_s = Server.GetLastError(); HttpException ex = exception_s as HttpException; if (exception != null) { string m = exception.Message; string errorInfo = "URL:<strong>" + ctx.Request.RawUrl.ToString() + "<strong><br/>Source:<strong>" + exception.Source + "<strong><br/>Message:<strong>" + exception.Message + "<>"; if (!m.Contains("不存在")) { if (exception.InnerException != null) errorInfo += "<br/>错误信息为:<strong>" + exception.InnerException.Message + "<>"; } if (exception is HttpException) { HttpException ex2 = exception as HttpException; int httpCode = ex2.GetHttpCode(); errorInfo += "<br />Code:<strong>" + httpCode.ToString() + "<>"; } //写日志 ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(GoodsController)); log.Error(errorInfo, new Exception("Error异常")); ctx.Items.Add("LastError", errorInfo); ctx.Server.ClearError();
}
try { //写逻辑 ctx.Response.Redirect("/Home/Index"); } catch { }
}
二：log4net日志管理。配合WebApi框架，个人感觉十分方便
打开NuGet，添加log4net。成功之后，可以直接处理
使用方法：
[HttpGet,Route("LogTest")] public IHttpActionResult LogTest() { ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(GoodsController)); // 下面是日志处理 log.Debug("测试debug", new Exception("debug异常")); log.Info("测试Info", new Exception("Info异常")); log.Warn("测试Warn", new Exception("Warn异常")); log.Error("测试Error", new Exception("Error异常")); log.Fatal("测试Fatal", new Exception("Fatal异常")); return Json(new {result = "Complent"}); }
log4net需要配置文件，才能输出。添加Log4net.config文件。然后在程序集AssemblyInfo.cs中，添加 [assembly: XmlConfigurator(Watch = true, ConfigFile = "Log4Net.config")]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <configuration> <log4net> <!--记录所有的完整日志--> <appender name="AllLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <!--或者是文件名或是文件夹（没有后缀）Gets or sets the path to the file that logging will be written to.，--> <file value="log/all/log_" /> <!--是否总是写在一个文件里Gets or sets a value indicating whether to always log to the same file.--> <staticLogFileName value="false" /> <!--Gets or sets a flag that indicates whether the file should be appended to or overwritten.--> <appendToFile value="true" /> <!--可设置为Size、Date，即大小/日期超出一定范围后就新建一个日志文件--> <rollingStyle value="Date" /> <!--一天最多保存多少Gets or sets the maximum number of backup files that are kept before the oldest is erased.--> <maxSizeRollBackups value="10" /> <!--每个文件最大大小,单位可是MB,KBGets or sets the maximum size that the output file is allowed to reach before being rolled over to backup files.--> <maximumFileSize value="5MB" /> <!--设置用来生产文件的日期格式Gets or sets the date pattern to be used for generating file names when rolling over on date.--> <datePattern value="yyyy-MM-dd'.log'"/> <!--日志输入的通用格式（日志的内容格式）--> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%property{NDC}] - %message%newline" /> </layout> <filter type="log4net.Filter.LevelRangeFilter,log4net"> <!--级别由低往高依次是 ALL DEBUG INFO WARN ERROR FATAL None--> <levelMin value="DEBUG" /> <levelMax value="Warn" /> </filter> </appender> <!--记录错误日志，这些错误往往是一个程序bug或是要注意的--> <appender name="ErrorLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <!--或者是文件名或是文件夹（没有后缀）Gets or sets the path to the file that logging will be written to.，--> <file value="log/error/error_" /> <!--是否总是写在一个文件里Gets or sets a value indicating whether to always log to the same file.--> <staticLogFileName value="false" /> <!--Gets or sets a flag that indicates whether the file should be appended to or overwritten.--> <appendToFile value="true" /> <!--可设置为Size、Date，即大小/日期超出一定范围后就新建一个日志文件--> <rollingStyle value="Date" /> <!--一天最多保存多少Gets or sets the maximum number of backup files that are kept before the oldest is erased.--> <maxSizeRollBackups value="10" /> <!--每个文件最大大小,单位可是MB,KBGets or sets the maximum size that the output file is allowed to reach before being rolled over to backup files.--> <maximumFileSize value="5MB" /> <!--设置用来生产文件的日期格式Gets or sets the date pattern to be used for generating file names when rolling over on date.--> <datePattern value="yyyy-MM-dd'.log'"/> <!--日志输入的通用格式（日志的内容格式）--> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%property{NDC}] - %message%newline" /> </layout> <filter type="log4net.Filter.LevelRangeFilter,log4net"> <levelMin value="ERROR" /> <levelMax value="FATAL" /> </filter> </appender> <!--Set root logger level to DEBUG and its only appender to A1--> <root> <!--控制级别，由低到高: ALL|DEBUG|INFO|WARN|ERROR|FATAL|OFF--> <level value="ALL" /> <appender-ref ref="AllLogFileAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="ErrorLogFileAppender" /> </root> </log4net> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5.2" /> <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5.2" /> </system.web> </configuration>
上面只是写了一个，测试方法而已。WebAPI实际使用本文全局错误处理 + log4net，日志模块简直起飞。遇到问题，系统BUG之类的也不用慌，去日志里找就行了，全都记录了。
