项目总体结构
项目下载地址:https://oss.coydone.com/md/resources/restful-crud.zip
项目资料(静态文件、实体类、dao类):https://oss.coydone.com/md/resources/sgg_crud.zip
项目初始化
thymeleaf模板支持
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
<version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
静态资源导入
将前端的css、img、js资源导入到springboot工程的rescources/static目录下。
html页面导入到rescources/templates目录下。
将java代码的实体类导入到pojo包下,将dao层java类导入到dao包下。新建config包用于编写配置类,新建controller包用于编写控制层。
修改html页面资源引入
<!--让页面支持thymeleaf模板-->
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<!-- 修改css导入路径 -->
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link th:href="@{/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
编写控制层代码映射到index.html页面
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index.html"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
}
也可以自定义配置类,在配置类中控制访问(推荐)
package com.coydone.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
//访问 / 或 index,html 都跳转到index.html
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
}
}
国际化
为防止配置文件.properties
乱码问题,选择utf-8编码。
在rescources下新建国际化目录i18n,新建login.properties、login_zh_CN.properties、login_en_US.properties。
编写国际化配置
此时建议将html页面的默认语言该为中文。lang="zh-CN"
<html lang="en"></html>//英文
<html lang="zh-CN"></html>//中文
<html lang="ja"></html>//日文
<html lang="en-US"></html>//美式英文
SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件:如下源码
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
private String basename = "messages";
//我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties;
@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
//设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
......
}
在页面上获取国际化的值,修改index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link th:href="@{/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}"></h1>
<p style="color: red;" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}"></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}"></label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me" th:text="#{login.remember}">
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}"></button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='en_US')}">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>
原理:
国际化Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象);
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties
.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化
我们在配置文件中加入locale所在的包即可
# 我们配置文件的真实位置
spring.messages.basename=i18n.login
编写config配置类判定中英文选择
package com.coydone.config;
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
//解析请求
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
//获取请求中的语言参数
String language = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();//如果没有就使用默认的
//如果请求的链接携带了国际化参数
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(language)){
//zh_CN
String[] split = language.split("_");
//国家,地区
locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
登录、拦截器
开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后,要实时生效
禁用模板引擎的缓存
# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
页面修改完成以后ctrl+f9:重新编译;
登陆错误消息的显示
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
设置登录拦截器
@Controller
public class LoginController {
@RequestMapping("/user/login")
public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username,
@RequestParam("password") String password,
Model model, HttpSession session){
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(username) && "123456".equals(password)){
//登录用户名随意,密码必须为123456
session.setAttribute("loginUser",username);
return "redirect:/main.html";
}else {
//登录失败
model.addAttribute("msg","用户名或密码错误!");
return "index";
}
}
}
配置拦截器
package com.coydone.config;
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//登录成功之后,应该有用户的session
Object loginUser = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if (loginUser==null){//没有登录
request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限,请先登录");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
}
公共页面抽取
thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默认效果:
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
三种引入公共片段的th属性:
th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段
th:include:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
效果
<div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
</div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
<div>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
引入片段的时候传入参数:
<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-sticky">
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active"
th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path>
<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline>
</svg>
Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</a>
</li>
<!--引入侧边栏;传入参数 此时通过id属性引入-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>
我们需要新建commons/commons.html,把主页的头部和侧边栏分离出来。
CRUD员工列表
RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格;
URI:/资源名称/资源标识,HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作。
普通CRUD(uri来区分操作) | RestfulCRUD | |
---|---|---|
查询 | getEmp | emp---GET |
添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp---POST |
修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}---PUT |
删除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}---DELETE |
实验功能 | 请求URI | 请求方式 |
---|---|---|
查询所有员工 | emps | GET |
查询某个员工(来到修改页面) | emp/{id} | GET |
来到添加页面 | emp | GET |
添加员工 | emp | POST |
来到修改页面(查出员工进行信息回显) | emp/{id} | GET |
修改员工 | emp | PUT |
删除员工 | emp/{id} | DELETE |
添加员工html页面
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div th:replace="~{commons/commons::sidebar(active='list.html')}"></div>
<main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4">
<h2>Section title</h2>
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input type="text" name="lastName" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@coydone.com">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
<option th:each="department:${departments}" th:text="${department.getDepartmentName()}" th:value="${department.getId()}"></option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input type="text" name="birth" class="form-control" placeholder="2020-2-2">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
</main>
</div>
</div>
其修改页面与添加类似,只是在业务处理的时候需要把修改的用户信息回显到修改页面,其正确做法是在html页面中添加一个隐藏域,通过id主键获取用户的信息。
添加修改二合一页面处理
控制器
package com.coydone.controller;
@Controller
public class EmployeeController {
@Autowired
EmployeeDao employeeDao;
@Autowired
DepartmentDao departmentDao;
@RequestMapping("/emps")
public String list(Model model){
Collection<Employee> employees = employeeDao.getAll();
model.addAttribute("emps",employees);
return "emp/list";
}
@GetMapping("/emp")
public String toAddpage(Model model){
//查出所有部门的信息
Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
model.addAttribute("departments",departments);
return "emp/add";
}
@PostMapping("/emp")
public String addEmp(Employee employee){
//添加的操作
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/emps";
}
//去员工的修改页面
@GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
public String toUpdateEmp(@PathVariable("id")Integer id,Model model){
//查出原来的数据
Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
model.addAttribute("emp",employee);
//查出所有部门的信息
Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
model.addAttribute("departments",departments);
return "emp/update";
}
@PostMapping("/updateEmp")
public String updateEmp(Employee employee){
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/emps";
}
//删除员工
@GetMapping("/delemp/{id}")
public String deleteEmp(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
employeeDao.delete(id);
return "redirect:/emps";
}
//登出
@RequestMapping("/user/logout")
public String logout(HttpSession session){
session.invalidate();
return "redirect:/index.html";
}
}