l list 列出当前可用的数据库。
c connect + dbname 连接到一个新的数据库。
dt 列出当前数据库中可用的数据表。
d + tablename 列出指定数据表的表结构。
dn 列出当前数据库的schemas。
df 列出当前数据库的functions。
h 获取SQL语句的帮助。
? 列出所有psql语法命名。
q 退出psql命令行。
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postgres-# ?
General
copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms
crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab
errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity
g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)
gdesc describe result of query, without executing it
gexec execute query, then execute each value in its result
gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables
gx [FILE] as g, but forces expanded output mode
q quit psql
watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds
Help
? [commands] show help on backslash commands
? options show help on psql command-line options
? variables show help on special variables
h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands
Query Buffer
e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor
ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor
ev [VIEWNAME [LINE]] edit view definition with external editor
p show the contents of the query buffer
reset (clear) the query buffer
s [FILE] display history or save it to file
w FILE write query buffer to file
Input/Output
copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host
echo [STRING] write string to standard output
i FILE execute commands from file
ir FILE as i, but relative to location of current script
o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe
qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see o)
Conditional
if EXPR begin conditional block
elif EXPR alternative within current conditional block
else final alternative within current conditional block
endif end conditional block
Informational
(options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail)
d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences
d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index
da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates
dA[+] [PATTERN] list access methods
db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces
dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions
dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts
dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere
dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains
ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges
dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers
deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings
dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers
df[anptw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/procedures/trigger/window] functions
dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations
dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries
dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers
dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates
dg[S+] [PATTERN] list roles
di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes
dl list large objects, same as lo_list
dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages
dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views
dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas
do[S] [PATTERN] list operators
dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations
dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges
dP[itn+] [PATTERN] list [only index/table] partitioned relations [n=nested]
drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings
dRp[+] [PATTERN] list replication publications
dRs[+] [PATTERN] list replication subscriptions
ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences
dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables
dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types
du[S+] [PATTERN] list roles
dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views
dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions
dy [PATTERN] list event triggers
l[+] [PATTERN] list databases
sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition
sv[+] VIEWNAME show a view's definition
z [PATTERN] same as dp
Formatting
a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode
C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none
f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output
H toggle HTML output mode (currently off)
pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table output option
(border|columns|csv_fieldsep|expanded|fieldsep|
fieldsep_zero|footer|format|linestyle|null|
numericlocale|pager|pager_min_lines|recordsep|
recordsep_zero|tableattr|title|tuples_only|
unicode_border_linestyle|unicode_column_linestyle|
unicode_header_linestyle)
[on|off] show only rows (currently off)
T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none
x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off)
Connection
c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo}
connect to new database (currently "postgres")
conninfo display information about current connection
encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding
password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user
Operating System
cd [DIR] change the current working directory
setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable
iming [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off)
! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell
Variables
prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable
set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters
unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable
Large Objects
lo_export LOBOID FILE
lo_import FILE [COMMENT]
lo_list
lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations
[THE END]