• 最长公共前缀


    题意

    编写一个函数来查找字符串数组中的最长公共前缀。

    如果不存在公共前缀,返回空字符串 ""。

    示例

    示例 1:

    输入:strs = ["flower","flow","flight"]
    输出:"fl"
    

    示例 2:

    输入:strs = ["dog","racecar","car"]
    输出:""
    解释:输入不存在公共前缀。
    

    提示

    • 0 <= strs.length <= 200
    • 0 <= strs[i].length <= 200
    • strs[i] 仅由小写英文字母组成

    出处

    链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/longest-common-prefix

    思路

    这里我们需要拿字符串数组 strs 中的第一个字符串 str 进行遍历,然后如果说截取到的字符串 cur 满足题意就把它赋值给 res,不满足就退出循环。这里有一点就是你要单独判断数组为 0 的情况, 然后如果你是用 substr 函数截取的话,长度可以取等号的。 当然你也可以不借助 JS 的一些 API,手动遍历,然后字符串相加求解。

    代码

    巧用 JSAPI

    /**
     * @param {string[]} strs
     * @return {string}
     */
    const longestCommonPrefix = function (strs) {
      if (strs.length === 0) {
        return '';
      }
      let cur = '';
      let res = '';
      for (let i = 0; i <= strs[0].length; i++) {
        cur = strs[0].substr(0, i);
        if (strs.every((str) => str.startsWith(cur))) {
          res = cur;
        } else {
          break;
        }
      }
      return res;
    };
    
    export default longestCommonPrefix;
    

    传统的解法

    /**
     * @param {string[]} strs
     * @return {string}
     */
    const longestCommonPrefix = function (strs) {
      let res = '';
      if (strs.length !== 0) {
        for (let i = 0; i < strs[0].length; i++) {
          if (strs.every((str) => str[i] === strs[0][i])) {
            res += strs[0][i];
          } else {
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      return res;
    };
    
    export default longestCommonPrefix;
    

    测试

    import longestCommonPrefix from '../../code/leetcode/14';
    
    describe('test function longestCommonPrefix:', () => {
      test('test case strs = []', () => {
        const res = longestCommonPrefix([]);
        expect(res).toBe('');
      });
    
      test('test case strs = ["flower","flow","flight"]', () => {
        const res = longestCommonPrefix(['flower', 'flow', 'flight']);
        expect(res).toBe('fl');
      });
    
      test('test case strs = ["dog","racecar","car"]', () => {
        const res = longestCommonPrefix(['dog', 'racecar', 'car']);
        expect(res).toBe('');
      });
    
      test('test case strs = ["flower","flower","flower","flower"]', () => {
        const res = longestCommonPrefix(['flower', 'flower', 'flower', 'flower']);
        expect(res).toBe('flower');
      });
    
      test('test case strs = ["a"]', () => {
        const res = longestCommonPrefix(['a']);
        expect(res).toBe('a');
      });
    });
    

    说明

    本文首发于 GitHub 仓库https://github.com/ataola/coding,线上阅读地址:https://zhengjiangtao.cn/coding/,转载请注明出处,谢谢!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/cnroadbridge/p/14284604.html
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