基本封装方法
请看下面的例子:
var Person = function(name,age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age || "未填写";
this.hobbys = [];
}
Person.prototype = {
sayName:function(){
console.log(this.name);
},
sayAge:function(){
console.log(this.age);
},
addHobby:function(hobbys){
this.hobbys = this.hobbys.concat(hobbys);
}
}
var person1 = new Person("Jane","20");
var person2 = new Person("TabWeng","21");
person1.addHobby(['sing','drawing']);
person2.addHobby(['football','study','running']);
person1.sayName();
console.log(person1.hobbys.toString());
person2.sayName();
console.log(person2.hobbys.toString());
运行结果:
Jane
sing,drawing
TabWeng
football,study,running
这在JavaScript创建对象中讲过,把可以共用的属性和方法写在原型上,需要每个实例各自都有的副本的属性和方法放在构造函数中。
现在有个问题,名称的输入不能有数字,要怎么解决呢?解决的方法可以写一个检查名称的函数,这个函数写在原型上。
var Person = function(name,age){
//校验名称
if(this.checkName(name)){
throw new Error("名字 "+name+" 不能存在数字");
}
this.name = name;
this.age = age || "未填写";
this.hobbys = [];
}
Person.prototype = {
//校验函数
checkName:function(name){
re = /d/;
return re.test(name);
},
sayName:function(){
console.log(this.name);
},
sayAge:function(){
console.log(this.age);
},
addHobby:function(hobbys){
this.hobbys = this.hobbys.concat(hobbys);
}
}
var person1 = new Person("Helen666","20");
var person2 = new Person("TabWeng","21");
person1.addHobby(['sing','drawing']);
person2.addHobby(['football','study','running']);
person1.sayName();
console.log(person1.hobbys.toString());
person2.sayName();
console.log(person2.hobbys.toString());
这段代码中,我们写了一个checkName()
函数,来校验名称,暂且只是校验不能有数字吧,然后再构造函数里的第一行代码中进行校验,若校验不通过,则抛出异常。 这里我传入一个名称Helen666,结果抛出如下异常:
Error: 名字 Helen666 不能存在数字
这样就做到了一个基本的封装,实现内部校验。
但是又有个问题,我们还可以这样来定义名称:
var person1 = new Person("Helen","20");
person1.name = "Helen666";
person1.sayName(); //Helen666
这样名称还是可以修改为不合法的名称,于是我们想到用get方法 和set方法来做控制,只能通过set方法来赋值,同时通过set方法进行校验,而通过get方法来获得值。现在的代码修改如下:
// Interface
var People = new Interface("People",["setName","getName","setAge","getAge","addHobby","getHobby","sayName","sayAge"]);
var Person = function(name,age){ //implement People
this.setName(name);
this.setAge(age);
this._hobbys = [];
}
Person.prototype = {
//校验函数
checkName:function(name){
re = /d/;
return re.test(name);
},
sayName:function(){
console.log(this._name);
},
sayAge:function(){
console.log(this._age);
},
addHobby:function(hobbys){
this._hobbys = this._hobbys.concat(hobbys);
},
getHobby:function(){
return this._hobbys;
},
setName:function(name){
if(this.checkName(name)){
throw new Error("名字 "+name+" 不能含有数字");
}
this._name = name;
},
getName:function(){
return this._name;
},
setAge:function(age){
this._age = age || "未设置";
},
getAge:function(){
return this._age;
}
}