• hdu 6086 -- Rikka with String(AC自动机 + 状压DP)


    题目链接

    Problem Description
    As we know, Rikka is poor at math. Yuta is worrying about this situation, so he gives Rikka some math tasks to practice. There is one of them:

    Yuta has n 01 strings si, and he wants to know the number of 01 antisymmetric strings of length 2L which contain all given strings si as continuous substrings.

    01 string s is antisymmetric if and only if s[i]s[|s|i+1] for all i[1,|s|].

    It is too difficult for Rikka. Can you help her?

    In the second sample, the strings which satisfy all the restrictions are 000111,001011,011001,100110.
     
    Input
    The first line contains a number t(1t5), the number of the testcases. 

    For each testcase, the first line contains two numbers n,L(1n6,1L100)

    Then n lines follow, each line contains a 01 string si(1|si|20).
     
    Output
    For each testcase, print a single line with a single number -- the answer modulo 998244353.
     
    Sample Input
    2
    2 2
    011
    001
    2 3
    011
    001
     
    Sample Output
    1
    4
     
     
    题意:反对称:对于一个长为2*N的串s[0~2*N-1],s[i]^s[2*N-1-i]=1 。现在有n个01串,求有多少个长为2*L的并且包含这n个串的 反对称01串?
     
    思路:对于一个串包含在2*L的01串中,那么这个串要么在2*L的前半部分,要么后半部分,或者跨越中间,如果在后半部分,则需要找到其在前半部分的反对称01串,对于跨越中间的01串,则需要找到其在前面部分的串,例如:0 | 11,以竖线作为串中间,那么如果前面部分如果以00结束,那么一定含有 011这个串。把每个串的所有形式放入AC自动机对应的tire树中,然后状压递推。
     
    代码如下:
    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <cstdio>
    #include <cstring>
    #include <queue>
    #include <string>
    using namespace std;
    const int mod=998244353;
    const int N=2005;
    struct Node{
        int id;
        Node *fail;
        Node *son[2];
        int tag1,tag2;
    }node[N];
    queue<Node *>q;
    int tot;
    int dp[2][2005][64];
    
    void insert1(string s,int id)
    {
        int len=s.length();
        Node *now=&node[0];
        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
        {
            int x=s[i]-'0';
            if(now->son[x]==NULL) now->son[x]=&node[tot++];
            now=now->son[x];
        }
        now->tag1|=(1<<id);
    }
    void insert2(string s,int id)
    {
        int len=s.length();
        Node *now=&node[0];
        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
        {
            int x=s[i]-'0';
            if(now->son[x]==NULL) now->son[x]=&node[tot++];
            now=now->son[x];
        }
        now->tag2|=(1<<id);
    }
    void init()
    {
        for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
        {
            node[i].id=i;
            node[i].fail=NULL;
            node[i].son[0]=node[i].son[1]=NULL;
            node[i].tag1=node[i].tag2=0;
        }
    }
    void setFail()
    {
        Node* root=&node[0];
        q.push(root);
        while(!q.empty())
        {
            Node* now=q.front(); q.pop();
            for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
            {
                if(now->son[i])
                {
                    Node* p=now->fail;
                    while(p && (!(p->son[i]))) p=p->fail;
                    now->son[i]->fail=(p)?(p->son[i]):(root);
                    now->son[i]->tag1|=now->son[i]->fail->tag1;
                    now->son[i]->tag2|=now->son[i]->fail->tag2;
                    q.push(now->son[i]);
                }
                else now->son[i]=(now!=root)?now->fail->son[i]:(root);
            }
        }
    }
    void print()
    {
        Node* now=&node[0];
        queue<Node*>qq;
        qq.push(now);
        while(!qq.empty())
        {
            now=qq.front(); qq.pop();
            cout<<"Y:"<<now->id<<" ";
            for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
            {
                if(now->son[i]) qq.push(now->son[i]),cout<<now->son[i]->id<<" ";
                else cout<<"NULL"<<" ";
            }
            cout<<endl;
        }
    }
    int main()
    {
        ///cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
        int t; cin>>t;
        while(t--)
        {
           init();
           tot=1;
           int n,L; scanf("%d%d",&n,&L);
           for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
           {
               string s; cin>>s;
               insert1(s,i);
               string t=s;
               reverse(t.begin(),t.end());
               int len=s.length();
               for(int j=0;j<len;j++)
                  t[j]=(char)((t[j]-'0')^1+'0');
               insert1(t,i);
    
               int mnLen=min(len,L);
               for(int j=0;j<mnLen;j++)
               {
                   int f=1;
                   for(int l=j,r=j+1; l>=0&&r<len; l--,r++)
                   {
                       if((s[l]^s[r])==0) { f=0; break; }
                   }
                   if(!f) continue;
                   t=s.substr(0,j+1);
                   for(int k=2*j+2;k<len;k++)
                   {
                       t=(char)((s[k]-'0')^1+'0')+t;
                   }
                   insert2(t,i);
               }
           }
           ///print();
           setFail();
           memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
           dp[0][0][0]=1;
           int cn=0,stu=(1<<n);
           for(int i=0;i<L;i++)
           {
               int c=cn^1;
               memset(dp[c],0,sizeof(dp[c]));
               for(int j=0;j<tot;j++)
               {
                   for(int s=0;s<stu;s++)
                   {
                       if(!dp[cn][j][s]) continue;
                       if(i<L-1)
                       for(int k=0;k<2;k++)
                       {
                           int x=node[j].son[k]->id;
                           int tag=node[x].tag1;
                           dp[c][x][s|tag]=(dp[c][x][s|tag]+dp[cn][j][s])%mod;
                       }
                       else
                       for(int k=0;k<2;k++)
                       {
                           int x=node[j].son[k]->id;
                           int tag=node[x].tag1|node[x].tag2;
                           dp[c][x][s|tag]=(dp[c][x][s|tag]+dp[cn][j][s])%mod;
                       }
                   }
               }
               cn=c;
           }
           int ans=0;
           for(int i=0;i<tot;i++)
           {
               ans=(ans+dp[cn][i][stu-1])%mod;
           }
           printf("%d
    ",ans);
        }
        return 0;
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/chen9510/p/7406636.html
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