C# FileSystemWatcher监听文件事件

现有一个需求如下：监控某个目录中的文件修改，创建，删除等信息，并记录下来.

这里用到FileSystemWatcher类.由于考虑到文件的写入量会很频率，所以考虑先将监听到的消息记录到内存中。

监听部分的代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace FileEventListener
{
    public partial class FSWControl : Form
    {
        static int count = 0;
        static FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
        static int eventCount = 0;

        //static List<string> files = new List<string>();
        public FSWControl()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            WatcherStrat(@"D:	est", "*.tr", true, true);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化监听
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="StrWarcherPath">需要监听的目录</param>
        /// <param name="FilterType">需要监听的文件类型(筛选器字符串)</param>
        /// <param name="IsEnableRaising">是否启用监听</param>
        /// <param name="IsInclude">是否监听子目录</param>
        private static void WatcherStrat(string StrWarcherPath, string FilterType, bool IsEnableRaising, bool IsInclude)
        {
            //初始化监听
            watcher.BeginInit();
            //设置监听文件类型
            watcher.Filter = FilterType;
            //设置是否监听子目录
            watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = IsInclude;
            //设置是否启用监听?
            watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = IsEnableRaising;
            //设置需要监听的更改类型(如:文件或者文件夹的属性,文件或者文件夹的创建时间;NotifyFilters枚举的内容)
            watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.Attributes | NotifyFilters.CreationTime | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName | NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite | NotifyFilters.Security | NotifyFilters.Size;
            //设置监听的路径
            watcher.Path = StrWarcherPath;
            //注册创建文件或目录时的监听事件
            //watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_created);
            //注册当指定目录的文件或者目录发生改变的时候的监听事件
            watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_changed);
            //注册当删除目录的文件或者目录的时候的监听事件
            watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_deleted);
            //当指定目录的文件或者目录发生重命名的时候的监听事件
            watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(watch_renamed);
            //结束初始化
            watcher.EndInit();
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 创建文件或者目录时的监听事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void watch_created(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
        {
            //事件内容
            output("create:" + e.FullPath);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 当指定目录的文件或者目录发生改变的时候的监听事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void watch_changed(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
        {
            //事件内容
            //事件内容
            output("change:" + e.FullPath);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 当删除目录的文件或者目录的时候的监听事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void watch_deleted(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
        {
            //事件内容
            output("del:" + e.FullPath);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 当指定目录的文件或者目录发生重命名的时候的事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void watch_renamed(object sender, RenamedEventArgs e)
        {
            //事件内容
            output("rename:" + e.FullPath);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 启动或者停止监听
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="IsEnableRaising">True:启用监听,False:关闭监听</param>
        private void WatchStartOrSopt(bool IsEnableRaising)
        {
            watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = IsEnableRaising;
        }


        private static void output(string text)
        {
            //FileStream fs = new FileStream("D:\listen.txt", FileMode.Append);
            //StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default);
            //sw.WriteLine(text);
            //sw.Close();
            //fs.Close();
            //files.Add(text);
            eventCount++;

        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string name = count.ToString() + "_" + eventCount.ToString();
            FileStream fs = new FileStream("D:\listen_" + name + ".txt", FileMode.Append);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default);
            //foreach (string text in files)
            //{
            //    sw.WriteLine(text);
            //}
            sw.WriteLine("共收到事件:" + eventCount.ToString());
            //files.Clear();
            eventCount = 0;
            sw.Close();
            fs.Close();
            count++;
            MessageBox.Show("打印完成:" + name, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            WatchStartOrSopt(false);
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            WatchStartOrSopt(true);
        }
    }
}

然后写一个生成文件的程序用于测试，由于可能需要多个写入一起跑，采用传入参数的方式进行调用程序。共三个参数：第一个为标识，第二个为生成文件的数量，第三个为开始运行的时间:

如 FileCreater.exe 1 1000 121000 则表示这个实例的名称为1，连续生成1000个文件，在12：10：00开始执行。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace FileCreater
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        string filePre = "";
        string startTime = "";

        public Form1(string[] args)
        {
            filePre = args[0];
            startTime = args[2];
            InitializeComponent();

            timer1.Interval = 100;
            timer1.Tick += button1_Click;
            timer1.Enabled = true;
            this.Text = "FileCreater" + filePre + "_" + startTime;
            this.numericUpDown1.Value = int.Parse(args[1]);
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            label3.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString("HHmmss") + "|" + startTime;
            if (int.Parse(DateTime.Now.ToString("HHmmss")) > int.Parse(startTime))
            {
                label3.Text = numericUpDown1.Value.ToString();
                for (int i = 1; i <= numericUpDown1.Value; i++)
                {
                    //string time = DateTime.Now.ToString("ddhhMMss");
                    string file = string.Format(@"{0}{1}_{2}.tr", textBox1.Text, i, filePre);
                    FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Append);
                    StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default);
                    sw.WriteLine(i.ToString());
                    sw.Close();
                    fs.Close();
                }
                timer1.Stop();
            }
            //MessageBox.Show("已完成", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);

            Application.Exit();
        }
    }
}

测试过程中发现如下现象：

1.一个生成文件程序，连续生成10W的文件时会发生计数器记录下的值小于或多于10W