20135328陈都信息安全系统设计基础第十二周学习总结

20135328陈都信息安全系统设计基础第十二周学习总结

标签（空格分隔）：20135328陈都

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第十二周（11.23-11.29）:

一、学习目标

• 掌握进程控制
• 掌握信号处理的方法
• 掌握管道和fifo进行进程间通信的方法

二、学习资源

编译、运行、阅读、理解process.tar.gz压缩包中的代码

exec1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main()
{
    char    *arglist[3];

    arglist[0] = "ls";
    arglist[1] = "-l";
    arglist[2] = 0 ;//NULL
    printf("* * * About to exec ls -l
");
    execvp( "ls" , arglist );,
    printf("* * * ls is done. bye");

    return 0;
}

exec3

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main()
{
    char    *arglist[3];
    char*myenv[3];
    myenv[0] = "PATH=:/bin:";
    myenv[1] = NULL;

    arglist[0] = "ls";
    arglist[1] = "-l";
    arglist[2] = 0 ;
    printf("* * * About to exec ls -l
");

    execlp("ls", "ls", "-l", NULL);
    printf("* * * ls is done. bye
");
}

forkdemo1

代码如下：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int main()
{
    int ret_from_fork, mypid;
    mypid = getpid();              
    printf("Before: my pid is %d
", mypid);
    ret_from_fork = fork();
    sleep(1);
    printf("After: my pid is %d, fork() said %d
",
            getpid(), ret_from_fork);

    return 0;
}

forkdemo2

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main()
{
    printf("before:my pid is %d
", getpid() );
    fork();
    fork();
    printf("aftre:my pid is %d
", getpid() );

    return 0;
}

forkdemo3

代码如下：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <unistd.h>

int main()
{
    int fork_rv;

    printf("Before: my pid is %d
", getpid());

    fork_rv = fork();       /* create new process   */

    if ( fork_rv == -1 )        /* check for error  */
        perror("fork");
    else if ( fork_rv == 0 ){ 
        printf("I am the child.  my pid=%d
", getpid());
    
        exit(0);
    }
    else{
        printf("I am the parent. my child is %d
", fork_rv);
        exit(0);
    }

    return 0;
}

forkdemo4

代码：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <unistd.h>

int main()
{
    int fork_rv;

    printf("Before: my pid is %d
", getpid());

    fork_rv = fork();       /* create new process   */

    if ( fork_rv == -1 )        /* check for error  */
        perror("fork");

    else if ( fork_rv == 0 ){ 
        printf("I am the child.  my pid=%d
", getpid());
        printf("parent pid= %d, my pid=%d
", getppid(), getpid());
        exit(0);
    }

    else{
        printf("I am the parent. my child is %d
", fork_rv);
        sleep(10);
        exit(0);
    }

    return 0;
}

。

forkgdb

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int  gi=0;
int main()
{
    int li=0;
    static int si=0;
    int i=0;

    pid_t pid = fork();
    if(pid == -1){
        exit(-1);
    }
    else if(pid == 0){
        for(i=0; i<5; i++){
            printf("child li:%d
", li++);
            sleep(1);
            printf("child gi:%d
", gi++);
            printf("child si:%d
", si++);
        }
        exit(0);
        
    }
    else{
        for(i=0; i<5; i++){
            printf("parent li:%d
", li++);
            printf("parent gi:%d
", gi++);
            sleep(1);
            printf("parent si:%d
", si++);
        }
    exit(0);    
    
    }
    return 0;
}

psh1

代码：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <string.h>
#include    <unistd.h>

#define MAXARGS     20              
#define ARGLEN      100             

int execute( char *arglist[] )
{
    execvp(arglist[0], arglist);        
    perror("execvp failed");
    exit(1);
}

char * makestring( char *buf )
{
    char    *cp;

    buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '';      
    cp = malloc( strlen(buf)+1 );       
    if ( cp == NULL ){          
        fprintf(stderr,"no memory
");
        exit(1);
    }
    strcpy(cp, buf);        
    return cp;          
}

int main()
{
    char    *arglist[MAXARGS+1];        
    int     numargs;            
    char    argbuf[ARGLEN];         

    numargs = 0;
    while ( numargs < MAXARGS )
    {                   
        printf("Arg[%d]? ", numargs);
        if ( fgets(argbuf, ARGLEN, stdin) && *argbuf != '
' )
            arglist[numargs++] = makestring(argbuf);
        else
        {
            if ( numargs > 0 ){     
                arglist[numargs]=NULL;  
                execute( arglist ); 
                numargs = 0;        
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

psh2

代码：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <string.h>
#include    <sys/types.h>
#include    <sys/wait.h>
#include    <unistd.h>
#include    <signal.h>

#define MAXARGS     20              
#define ARGLEN      100             

char *makestring( char *buf )
{
    char    *cp;

    buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '';      
    cp = malloc( strlen(buf)+1 );       
    if ( cp == NULL ){          
        fprintf(stderr,"no memory
");
        exit(1);
    }
    strcpy(cp, buf);        
    return cp;          
}

void execute( char *arglist[] )
{
    int pid,exitstatus;             

    pid = fork();                   
    switch( pid ){
        case -1:    
            perror("fork failed");
            exit(1);
        case 0:
            execvp(arglist[0], arglist);        
            perror("execvp failed");
            exit(1);
        default:
            while( wait(&exitstatus) != pid )
                ;
            printf("child exited with status %d,%d
",
                    exitstatus>>8, exitstatus&0377);
    }
}

int main()
{
    char    *arglist[MAXARGS+1];        
    int     numargs;            
    char    argbuf[ARGLEN];         

    numargs = 0;
    while ( numargs < MAXARGS )
    {                   
        printf("Arg[%d]? ", numargs);
        if ( fgets(argbuf, ARGLEN, stdin) && *argbuf != '
' )
            arglist[numargs++] = makestring(argbuf);
        else
        {
            if ( numargs > 0 ){     
                arglist[numargs]=NULL;  
                execute( arglist ); 
                numargs = 0;        
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

testbuf1

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    printf("hello");
    fflush(stdout);
    while(1);
}

效果是先输出hello，然后换行。之后不退出。

testbuf2

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    printf("hello
");
    while(1);
}

程序输出hello，无法退出。

testbuf3

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    fprintf(stdout, "1234", 5);
    fprintf(stderr, "abcd", 4);
}

将内容格式化输出到标准错误、输出流中。结果如图：

testpid

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

int main()
{
    printf("my pid: %d 
", getpid());
    printf("my parent's pid: %d 
", getppid());
    return 0;
}

输出当前进程pid和当前进程的父进程的pid。

testpp

代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    char **pp;
    pp[0] = malloc(20);

    return 0;
}

testsystem

代码如下：

#include    <stdlib.h>

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{

    system(argv[1]);
    system(argv[2]);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}               /* --------

waitdemo1

代码如下：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <sys/types.h>
#include    <sys/wait.h>
#include    <unistd.h>

#define DELAY   4

void child_code(int delay)
{
    printf("child %d here. will sleep for %d seconds
", getpid(), delay);
    sleep(delay);
    printf("child done. about to exit
");
    exit(17);
}

void parent_code(int childpid)
{
    int wait_rv=0;      /* return value from wait() */
    wait_rv = wait(NULL);
    printf("done waiting for %d. Wait returned: %d
", 
            childpid, wait_rv);
}
int main()
{
    int  newpid;
    printf("before: mypid is %d
", getpid());
    if ( (newpid = fork()) == -1 )
        perror("fork");
    else if ( newpid == 0 )
        child_code(DELAY);
    else
        parent_code(newpid);

    return 0;
}

如果有子进程，则终止子进程，成功返回子进程pid。

waitdemo2

代码如下：

#include    <stdio.h>
#include    <stdlib.h>
#include    <sys/types.h>
#include    <sys/wait.h>
#include    <unistd.h>

#define DELAY   10

void child_code(int delay)
{
    printf("child %d here. will sleep for %d seconds
", getpid(), delay);
    sleep(delay);
    printf("child done. about to exit
");
    exit(27);
}

void parent_code(int childpid)
{
    int wait_rv;    
    int child_status;
    int high_8, low_7, bit_7;

    wait_rv = wait(&child_status);
    printf("done waiting for %d. Wait returned: %d
", childpid, wait_rv);

    high_8 = child_status >> 8;     /* 1111 1111 0000 0000 */
    low_7  = child_status & 0x7F;   /* 0000 0000 0111 1111 */
    bit_7  = child_status & 0x80;   /* 0000 0000 1000 0000 */
    printf("status: exit=%d, sig=%d, core=%d
", high_8, low_7, bit_7);
}

int main()
{
    int  newpid;

    printf("before: mypid is %d
", getpid());

    if ( (newpid = fork()) == -1 )
        perror("fork");
    else if ( newpid == 0 )
        child_code(DELAY);
    else
        parent_code(newpid);
}

。

参考资料

1. 《进程间通信-命名管道FIFO》（http://blog.csdn.net/xiajun07061225/article/details/8471777）
2. 《linux i/o重定向与管道编程》
   （http://blog.csdn.net/fulianzhou/article/details/48895327）
3. 教材：第八章，详细学习指导：http://group.cnblogs.com/topic/73069.html
4. 闫佳歆同学的博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/20135202yjx/p/5003653.html