一、表关系
请创建如下表，并创建相关约束
二、操作表
1、自行创建测试数据
/* Navicat Premium Data Transfer Source Server : localhost Source Server Type : MySQL Source Server Version : 50624 Source Host : localhost Source Database : sqlexam Target Server Type : MySQL Target Server Version : 50624 File Encoding : utf-8 Date: 10/21/2016 06:46:46 AM */ SET NAMES utf8; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `class` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `class`; CREATE TABLE `class` ( `cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `caption` varchar(32) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`cid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of `class` -- ---------------------------- BEGIN; INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('1', '三年二班'), ('2', '三年三班'), ('3', '一年二班'), ('4', '二年九班'); COMMIT; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `course` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`; CREATE TABLE `course` ( `cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `cname` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `teacher_id` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`cid`), KEY `fk_course_teacher` (`teacher_id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_course_teacher` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`tid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of `course` -- ---------------------------- BEGIN; INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '生物', '1'), ('2', '物理', '2'), ('3', '体育', '3'), ('4', '美术', '2'); COMMIT; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `score` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`; CREATE TABLE `score` ( `sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `student_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `course_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `num` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`sid`), KEY `fk_score_student` (`student_id`), KEY `fk_score_course` (`course_id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_score_course` FOREIGN KEY (`course_id`) REFERENCES `course` (`cid`), CONSTRAINT `fk_score_student` FOREIGN KEY (`student_id`) REFERENCES `student` (`sid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=53 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of `score` -- ---------------------------- BEGIN; INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '10'), ('2', '1', '2', '9'), ('5', '1', '4', '66'), ('6', '2', '1', '8'), ('8', '2', '3', '68'), ('9', '2', '4', '99'), ('10', '3', '1', '77'), ('11', '3', '2', '66'), ('12', '3', '3', '87'), ('13', '3', '4', '99'), ('14', '4', '1', '79'), ('15', '4', '2', '11'), ('16', '4', '3', '67'), ('17', '4', '4', '100'), ('18', '5', '1', '79'), ('19', '5', '2', '11'), ('20', '5', '3', '67'), ('21', '5', '4', '100'), ('22', '6', '1', '9'), ('23', '6', '2', '100'), ('24', '6', '3', '67'), ('25', '6', '4', '100'), ('26', '7', '1', '9'), ('27', '7', '2', '100'), ('28', '7', '3', '67'), ('29', '7', '4', '88'), ('30', '8', '1', '9'), ('31', '8', '2', '100'), ('32', '8', '3', '67'), ('33', '8', '4', '88'), ('34', '9', '1', '91'), ('35', '9', '2', '88'), ('36', '9', '3', '67'), ('37', '9', '4', '22'), ('38', '10', '1', '90'), ('39', '10', '2', '77'), ('40', '10', '3', '43'), ('41', '10', '4', '87'), ('42', '11', '1', '90'), ('43', '11', '2', '77'), ('44', '11', '3', '43'), ('45', '11', '4', '87'), ('46', '12', '1', '90'), ('47', '12', '2', '77'), ('48', '12', '3', '43'), ('49', '12', '4', '87'), ('52', '13', '3', '87'); COMMIT; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `student` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`; CREATE TABLE `student` ( `sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `gender` char(1) NOT NULL, `class_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `sname` varchar(32) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`sid`), KEY `fk_class` (`class_id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_class` FOREIGN KEY (`class_id`) REFERENCES `class` (`cid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of `student` -- ---------------------------- BEGIN; INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '男', '1', '理解'), ('2', '女', '1', '钢蛋'), ('3', '男', '1', '张三'), ('4', '男', '1', '张一'), ('5', '女', '1', '张二'), ('6', '男', '1', '张四'), ('7', '女', '2', '铁锤'), ('8', '男', '2', '李三'), ('9', '男', '2', '李一'), ('10', '女', '2', '李二'), ('11', '男', '2', '李四'), ('12', '女', '3', '如花'), ('13', '男', '3', '刘三'), ('14', '男', '3', '刘一'), ('15', '女', '3', '刘二'), ('16', '男', '3', '刘四'); COMMIT; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `teacher` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`; CREATE TABLE `teacher` ( `tid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `tname` varchar(32) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`tid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of `teacher` -- ---------------------------- BEGIN; INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('1', '张磊老师'), ('2', '李平老师'), ('3', '刘海燕老师'), ('4', '朱云海老师'), ('5', '李杰老师'); COMMIT; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；(pymysql讲sql注入时用到--,在Navicat中--是注释的意思)
方法一: SELECT A.student_id FROM ( (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num AS num1 FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="生物") AS A INNER JOIN (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num AS num2 FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="物理") AS B ) WHERE A.num1>B.num2 GROUP BY A.student_id; 方法二: SELECT DISTINCT A.student_id FROM ( (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num AS num1 FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="生物") AS A INNER JOIN (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num AS num2 FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="物理") AS B ) WHERE A.num1>B.num2;
相较group by, distinct去重的办法效率比较低
3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
SELECT student_id,AVG(num) FROM score GROUP BY student_id HAVING AVG(num)>60;
4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
select score.student_id,student.sname,COUNT(course_id),SUM(num) from score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid GROUP BY score.student_id;
5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
SELECT COUNT(tid) FROM teacher WHERE tname LIKE "李%"
6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student WHERE sid NOT in (SELECT DISTINCT score.student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id in (SELECT course.cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id=teacher.tid WHERE teacher.tname="李平老师") );
7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
SELECT sid,sname FROM student WHERE student.sid in (SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id=1); SELECT sid,sname FROM student WHERE student.sid in (SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id=2); 这种方法不太对
方法一:
SELECT student_id,sname FROM
(SELECT student_id,course_id FROM score WHERE course_id=1 or course_id=2) AS A
LEFT JOIN student ON A.student_id=student.sid
GROUP BY student_id HAVING COUNT(student_id)>1;
方法二:
SELECT student_id,student.sname FROM score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid
WHERE student_id in
SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE course_id=1)
AND
student_id in
(SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE course_id=2)
GROUP BY student_id;
8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student WHERE sid in (SELECT DISTINCT score.student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id in (SELECT course.cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id=teacher.tid WHERE teacher.tname="李平老师") );
跟第6题一样
9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
方法一: SELECT student_id,student.sname FROM score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid WHERE student_id in ( SELECT A.student_id FROM (SELECT student_id,num FROM score WHERE score.course_id=1) AS A INNER JOIN (SELECT student_id,num FROM score WHERE score.course_id=2) AS B ON A.student_id=B.student_id WHERE A.num>B.num );
10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所选课程中任意一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；
14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；
16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩；
17、按平均成绩从低到高显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；
20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；
21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；
23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；
24、查询男生、女生的人数；
25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；
26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；
27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；
28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；
29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；
30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
31、求选了课程的学生人数
32、查询选修“杨艳”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；
33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；
34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；
35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；
36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；
37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；
38、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；
39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；
40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；
41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；