• 使用jenkins SonarQube gitlab 构建自动化发布系统


    目前持续集成的生态越来越完善,工具也有很多,开源的或商业的。如:

    • 最最流行的,也是使用最多的 Jenkins
    • 有着持续集成DNA的ThoughtWorks GO。理念:"Deployment as pipeline" (华为容器平台应该是基于GO做的二次开发实现)
    • Atlassian工具链之一的Bamboo (数人云应该是基于Banboo实现的CI/CD)
    • 与Gitlab紧密集成的Gitlab CI
    • 专为开源打造的Travis CI,与Github紧密集成
    • 使用 python 语言实现的Buildbot,相信 pythoner 看到会喜欢

    jenkins安装

    设置jenkins目录
    在catalina.sh 中定义jenkins

    $ export CATALINA_OPTS="-DJENKINS_HOME=/path/to/jenkins_home/ -Xmx512m"
    $ catalina.sh start
    

    在linux环境变量中定义jenkins

    $ export JENKINS_HOME=/path/to/jenkins_home/
    $ catalina.sh start
    

    在 context中定义jenkins-home

    <Context ...>
      <Environment name="JENKINS_HOME" value="/path/to/jenkins_home/" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </Context>
    

    安装及初始化

    wget http://mirrors.jenkins.io/war-stable/latest/jenkins.war
    java -jar jenkins.war
    http://localhost:8080
    


    安装常用插件


    开始安装

    插件安装完成后,开始配置admin的用户名密码。

    开始使用jenkins

    更改jenkins的家目录

    jenkins的家目录默认路径在/root/.jenkins/路径。根据启动方式的不同,修改方式略有不同。

    1. 你是直接命令行启动java -jar jenkins.war
    cat >>/etc/profile<<EOF
    export JENKINS_HOME=/data/db/jenkins/
    EOF
    source  /etc/profile
    
    1. 使用tomcat容器启动
    vim /data/app/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh
    export JENKINS_HOME=/data/db/jenkins/
    # OS specific support.  $var _must_ be set to either true or false.
    
    1. 你也可以修改jenkins.war包(不推荐)
    vim jenkins /web.xml
      <!-- if specified, this value is used as the Hudson home directory -->
      <env-entry>
        <env-entry-name>HUDSON_HOME</env-entry-name>
        <env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type>
        <env-entry-value>/data/db/jenkins/</env-entry-value> #填入路径
      </env-entry>
    

    开始安装插件

    jenkins最常用的就是插件,所有我们从安装插件开始。路径:系统管理-->管理插件,开始安装插件。

    • Build Pipeline Plugin:build 流程配置插件。
    • Gitlab Plugin :gitlab pull 插件。
    • Gitlab Hook Plugin:gitlab 钩子插件。
    • Build Authorization Token Root Plugin :用户权限验证插件。
    • SonarQube Scanner for Jenkins :代码质量管理插件。
    • Parameterized Remote Trigger Plugin :远程触发插件。
    • AnsiColor(可选):这个插件可以让Jenkins的控制台输出的log带有颜色(就和linux控制台那样)
    • Maven Integration plugin
    • Extended Choice Parameter Plug-In: 图像界面配置多选参数

    方法二
    上传插件
    Jenkins-插件管理-高级-上传插件

    方法三
    直接上传到文件目录(根据上文中密码文件的路径,可以知道jenkins的目录在/root/.jenkins/中)
    /root/.jenkins/plugins
    重启Jenkins

    创建一个构建过程

    输入项目名称--选择构建一个自由风格的软件项目

    配置源码下载地址

    添加gitlab的认证key,这里配置ssh的私钥。

    gitlab中添加ssh-key的公钥

    配置构建过程

    这里有个需要注意的地方,比如我们想要在远端的机器上执行相关的脚本怎么办?

    一个原理: jenkins 在执行过程中,使用的是jenkins的用户在执行。

    两种方法:

    1. 所有服务器跟jenkins做无密钥登录。
    2. 所有服务器的root做无密钥登录。

    推荐使用第二种,因为发布的脚本,可能涉及权限的问题,如果使用jenkins可能会出现权限不足的情况。

    最佳方案

    sudo ssh -p 52113 root@192.168.56.13 "/data/scripts/web-deploy.sh"
    

    执行立即构建-查看控制台输出

    解释说明:

    • jenkins 会git clone到jenkins的/workspace上。
    [root@linux-node1 web-build16:29:46]#pwd 
    /root/.jenkins/workspace/web-build
    [root@linux-node1 web-build16:29:56]#ls -a 
    .  ..  .git  index.html  README.md
    [root@linux-node1 web-build16:29:58]#
    [root@linux-node1 web-build16:31:49]#cat /tmp/1.txt 
    2017-03-01
    

    Sonar 代码质量管理

    安装sonar

    cd /usr/local/src/
    wget https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonarqube/sonarqube-5.6.6.zip
    mv sonarqube-5.6.6 /data/app/
    ln -s /data/app/sonarqube-5.6.6/ /data/app/sonarqube 
    

    安装数据库

    # 下载mysql二进制包
    cd /usr/local/src
    wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
    
    # 创建mysql用户
     groupadd mysql
     useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
    
    # 解压mysql二进制包
     cd /usr/local/src
     tar zxf mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
     mv mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/
     chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
    
    # 初始化mysql
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
    
    # 上传压缩包中的my.cnf到/usr/local/mysql目录下
    #初始化 mysql数据库
    
    /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db 
    --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf 
    --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ 
    --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
    
    # 启动mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf &
    
    # 连接mysql
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
    

    登录mysql创建相关的数据库

    # mysql -uroot -p12345678
    CREATE DATABASE sonar CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
    GRANT ALL ON sonar.* TO 'sonar'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sonar@qw';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    

    sonar好像不支持MySQL 5.5,请安装mysql5.6 或者更高版本

    2017.03.01 18:52:01 ERROR web[o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/]] Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.sonar.ser
    ver.platform.PlatformServletContextListener
    org.sonar.api.utils.MessageException: Unsupported mysql version: 5.5. Minimal supported version is 5.6.
    2017.03.01 18:52:01 ERROR web[o.a.c.c.StandardContext] One or more listeners failed to start. Full details will be found in the appropri
    ate container log file
    2017.03.01 18:52:01 ERROR web[o.a.c.c.StandardContext] Context [] startup failed due to previous errors
    2017.03.01 18:52:01 WARN  web[o.a.c.l.WebappClassLoaderBase] The web application [ROOT] appears to have started a thread named [Abandone
    d connection cleanup thread] but has failed to stop it. This is very likely to create a memory leak. Stack trace of thread:
     java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
     java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:143)
     com.mysql.jdbc.AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.run(AbandonedConnectionCleanupThread.java:43)
    2017.03.01 18:52:01 WARN  web[o.a.c.l.WebappClassLoaderBase] The web application [ROOT] appears to have started a thread named [Timer-0]
     but has failed to stop it. This is very likely to create a memory leak. Stack trace of thread:
     java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
     java.util.TimerThread.mainLoop(Timer.java:552)
     java.util.TimerThread.run(Timer.java:505)
    

    编辑sonar的配置文件

    编辑sonar连接数据库的方式

    vim /data/app/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties 
    sonar.jdbc.username=sonar
    sonar.jdbc.password=sonar@qw
    sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonar?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useConfigs=maxPerf
    ormance
    

    配置sonar的监听ip和端口

    vim /data/app/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties 
    sonar.web.host=0.0.0.0
    sonar.web.port=9000
    

    启动sonar服务

    /data/app/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start 
    

    配置sonar

    浏览器登录sonar,用户名admin,密码:admin

    第一步安装中文插件

    第二步安装相关的语言插件(使用什么语言,安装什么选择器)
    我们安装一个python的插件

    接着把php,java的插件也安装上,然后重启。

    SonarQube Scanner 安装

    wget https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonar-scanner-cli/sonar-scanner-2.8.zip
    unzip sonar-scanner-2.8.zip 
    mv sonar-scanner-2.8 /data/app/
    ln -s /data/app/sonar-scanner-2.8/ /data/app/sonar-scanner
    

    编辑sonar scanner的配置文件

    cat >>/data/app/sonar-scanner/conf/sonar-scanner.properties <<EOF
    sonar.host.url=http://localhost:9000
    sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8
    sonar.jdbc.username=sonar
    sonar.jdbc.password=sonar@qw
    sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonar?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8
    EOF
    

    soncar-scanner 在2.8版本的时候,可以不用配置,soncar.jdbc.username,sonar.jdbc.password,sonar.jdbc.url。只需要配置soncar.host.url

    WARN: Property 'sonar.jdbc.url' is not supported any more. It will be ignored. There is no longer any DB connection to the SQ database.
    WARN: Property 'sonar.jdbc.username' is not supported any more. It will be ignored. There is no longer any DB connection to the SQ database.
    WARN: Property 'sonar.jdbc.password' is not supported any more. It will be ignored. There is no longer any DB connection to the SQ database.
    

    下载官方测试包 Sonar-examples

    cd /data/db/
    git clone https://github.com/SonarSource/sonar-examples.git
    

    需要scanner扫描的代码必须包含 sorna-project.properties

    cd /data/db/sonar-examples-master/projects/languages/php/php-sonar-runner-unit-tests
    vim sorna-project.properties
    
    sonar.projectKey=org.sonarqube:php-ut-sq-scanner # sonar中的key,必须唯一。
    sonar.projectName=PHP :: PHPUnit :: SonarQube Scanner ##在sonar中展示的名称
    sonar.projectVersion=1.0  ##项目版本
    sonar.sources=src ##源码路径
    sonar.tests=tests
    sonar.language=php ##源码语言
    sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8  ##源码编译方式
    # Reusing PHPUnit reports
    sonar.php.coverage.reportPath=reports/phpunit.coverage.xml
    sonar.php.tests.reportPath=reports/phpunit.xml
    
    sonar.projectKey=org.sonarqube:example-it-jacoco-sonar-scanner
    sonar.projectName=Java :: IT Coverage with JaCoCo :: SonarQube Scanner
    sonar.projectVersion=1.0
    
    sonar.sources=src
    sonar.binaries=classes
    sonar.language=java
    sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8
     
    sonar.jacoco.itReportPath=reports/jacoco.exec
    

    开始扫描
    我们什么都不指定就会在当面目录下扫描sonar-project.properties文件,根据配置文件进行扫描工作。扫描之后我们在web界面上就可以看到

    pwd 
    # /data/db/sonar-examples-master/projects/languages/php/php-sonar-runner-unit-tests
    /data/app/sonar-scanner/bin/sonar-scanner
    

    登录sonar-在仪表盘中看到了我们刚刚运行的检查。

    点开可以看到详细的信息

    sonar和jenkins结合

    安装Jenkins - sonar 插件

    系统管理-系统配置中 添加sonar的信息

    在系统管理--> Global Tool Configuration 中配置sonar Scanner的路径

    开始构建相应的步骤

    选择立即构建,构建完成后,就可以在控制台输出中看见内容了。

    钩子脚本配置

    jenkins和gitlab联合

    配置身份验证令牌

    openssl rand -hex 10 
    9c8fe5c5bbb56b909259
    

    配置gitlab的钩子

    官方的例子

    Trigger the RevolutionTest job with the token TacoTuesday
    
    buildByToken/build?job=RevolutionTest&token=TacoTuesday
    
    Trigger the RevolutionTest job with the token TacoTuesday and parameter Type supplied with the value Mexican
    
    buildByToken/buildWithParameters?job=RevolutionTest&token=TacoTuesday&Type=Mexican
    
    

    根据官方的例子拼接URL
    第一步:jenkins的URL:http://192.168.56.11:8080/jenkins/
    第二步:拼接后端的URI:buildByToken/build?job=web-buildo&token=9c8fe5c5bbb56b909259

    http://192.168.56.11:8080/jenkins/buildByToken/build?job=web-build&token=9c8fe5c5bbb56b909259
    

    更新gitlab的内容,查看jenkins是否能够自动更新。

    参考gitlab官方配置例子

    配置gitlab流水线操作

    安装pipline的插件

    jenkins pipline 设置
    真实工作场景可能会有很多的job要执行。
    编译-->单元测试-->从集群中下线服务器--环境部署--重启服务器--预热--上线测试--上线集群。

    创建一个pipline。

    根据刚才设置的第一个pipline,配置后续的构建过程。

    选择【构建后操作】,接着选择【Trigger parameterized build on other projects】

    查看pipline执行的结果。

    在这里可以查看各个job的执行情况,绿色是表示执行通过的,黄色是正在执行的,蓝色是未执行的,还有红色是执行失败的。

    交互式执行构建过程

    jenkins配置slave

    最近了解到Jenkins的节点功能,对于分布式构建非常方便!
    Jenkins启动在Windows上,如果想要直接操作Linux上的东西,那么比较波折,Jenkins节点大大的方便了不同系统之间的调用构建;
    创建节点方式如下:
    1.系统管理-管理节点-新建节点
    2.输入创建的节点名称,并勾选“Dumb Slave”
    3.配置 1)Name需要填写
    2)远程工作目录:slave.jar和job等目录
    3)用法:只允许运行绑定到这台机器的Job
    4)启动方法:Launch slave agents on Unix machines via SSH
    5)高级:填写Host Credentials(用户名密码,需要通过Add添加)
    4.其他默认即可,配置完毕保存后,进入此节点,通过点击Launch slave agent运行

    此时Windows为master,Linux为slave,节点运行后,会在远程工作目录设定的路径下生成slave.jar,用于jenkins调用;
    需要注意的是:job建立需要勾选Restrict where this project can be run选项,并在Label Expression处填写节点的名称。

    报错汇总

    http://10.10.0.176:8080/threadDump

    参考

    参考文档

    jenkins 官方demo
    jenkins参考全系列

    jenkins用户权限配置

    Jenkins进阶系列之——16一个完整的JENKINS下的ANT BUILD.XML文件

    使用 Jenkins 设置一个持续交付框架

    利用Jenkins+Gitlab搭建持续集成(CI)环境

    SonarQube Scanner-download

    参考文章

    build authorization token root plugin

    jenkins-牛人博客
    jenkins 常用插件说明

    jenkins自带的环境变量

    BRANCH_NAME
    For a multibranch project, this will be set to the name of the branch being built, for example in case you wish to deploy to production from master but not from feature branches; if corresponding to some kind of change request, the name is generally arbitrary (refer to CHANGE_ID and CHANGE_TARGET).
    CHANGE_ID
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the change ID, such as a pull request number, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_URL
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the change URL, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_TITLE
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the title of the change, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_AUTHOR
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the username of the author of the proposed change, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_AUTHOR_DISPLAY_NAME
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the human name of the author, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_AUTHOR_EMAIL
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the email address of the author, if supported; else unset.
    CHANGE_TARGET
    For a multibranch project corresponding to some kind of change request, this will be set to the target or base branch to which the change could be merged, if supported; else unset.
    BUILD_NUMBER
    The current build number, such as "153"
    BUILD_ID
    The current build ID, identical to BUILD_NUMBER for builds created in 1.597+, but a YYYY-MM-DD_hh-mm-ss timestamp for older builds
    BUILD_DISPLAY_NAME
    The display name of the current build, which is something like "#153" by default.
    JOB_NAME
    Name of the project of this build, such as "foo" or "foo/bar".
    JOB_BASE_NAME
    Short Name of the project of this build stripping off folder paths, such as "foo" for "bar/foo".
    BUILD_TAG
    String of "jenkins-${JOB_NAME}-${BUILD_NUMBER}". All forward slashes (/) in the JOB_NAME are replaced with dashes (-). Convenient to put into a resource file, a jar file, etc for easier identification.
    EXECUTOR_NUMBER
    The unique number that identifies the current executor (among executors of the same machine) that’s carrying out this build. This is the number you see in the "build executor status", except that the number starts from 0, not 1.
    NODE_NAME
    Name of the agent if the build is on an agent, or "master" if run on master
    NODE_LABELS
    Whitespace-separated list of labels that the node is assigned.
    WORKSPACE
    The absolute path of the directory assigned to the build as a workspace.
    JENKINS_HOME
    The absolute path of the directory assigned on the master node for Jenkins to store data.
    JENKINS_URL
    Full URL of Jenkins, like http://server:port/jenkins/ (note: only available if Jenkins URL set in system configuration)
    BUILD_URL
    Full URL of this build, like http://server:port/jenkins/job/foo/15/ (Jenkins URL must be set)
    JOB_URL
    Full URL of this job, like http://server:port/jenkins/job/foo/ (Jenkins URL must be set)
    SVN_REVISION
    Subversion revision number that's currently checked out to the workspace, such as "12345"
    SVN_URL
    Subversion URL that's currently checked out to the workspace.
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/biglittleant/p/7305297.html
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