Scala语言定义:
Scala combines object-oriented and functional programming in one concise, high-level language. Scala's static types help avoid bugs in complex applications, and its JVM and JavaScript runtimes let you build high-performance systems with easy access to huge ecosystems of libraries.
--来自Scala官网:https://www.scala-lang.org/
简单翻译一下:Scala 是一个将面向对象与函数式编程简明的结合在一起的高级语言。Scala的静态类型有效的避免了在复杂应用中的Bugs。并且他运行在Java虚拟机上,并且它拥有强大的三方库供调用,这些都可以让你轻松构建高性能的系统。
感觉翻译能力太差,还是做拿来主义吧,网上的翻译:
Scala 是一门多范式(multi-paradigm)的编程语言,设计初衷是要集成面向对象编程和函数式编程的各种特性。
Scala 运行在Java虚拟机上,并兼容现有的Java程序。
Scala 源代码被编译成Java字节码,所以它可以运行于JVM之上,并可以调用现有的Java类库。
通过这段时间对Scala的学习与实际项目中的使用,确实能感受到Scala的强大,简洁,函数式编程的魅力。
当然,我们也可以像Shell,Perl这些脚本语言,用Scala实现缩短传统的编写-编译-链接-运行(edit-compile-link-run)过程。
一般先定义Scala脚本如下:
Script.scala:
object Script{ def main(args: Array[String]){ println("Hello World") } }
如下打开Scala控制台执行如下命令:
scala -cp . Script
可打印:
Hello World
我们今天主要不是讲Scala原生自带执行Scala脚本的方法,我们讲的是一个灵活执行Scala脚本的框架:Ammonite
之所以说它灵活,就是因为他不仅可以像Scala控制台命令里面执行脚本,还可以直接集成到代码里面执行脚本文件并返回结果给程序处理。
国内参考文档较少,还附上官网及源码:
官网地址:http://ammonite.io/
Github地址:https://github.com/lihaoyi/Ammonite
1. 下载安装方法
1 mkdir demo 2 cd demo/ 3 wget https://github.com/lihaoyi/Ammonite/releases/download/1.1.2/2.12-1.1.2 4 mv 2.12-1.1.2 amm 5 chmod +x amm 6 vi amm 7 ./amm 8 touch test1.sc 9 import $ivy.`mysql:mysql-connector-java:5.1.36` 10 import $ivy.`com.github.wangzaixiang::scala-sql:2.0.3` 11 import wangzx.scala_commons.sql._ 12 val driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" 13 val url="jdbc:mysql://10.10.10.108:3358/finance?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&rewriteBatchedStatements=true" 14 val username="root" 15 val password="today-36524" 16 val conn = java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password) 17 val rows = conn.rows[Row]("select * from t_invoice limit 10") 18 rows.foreach(println) 19 20 ./amm test1.sc
2. 实际代码应用
1)引入Ammonite包
name := "db_report" version := "0.1" scalaVersion := "2.12.6" libraryDependencies ++= Seq( "com.lihaoyi" % "ammonite_2.12.6" % "1.1.1" )
2)编写Scala脚本
Test.sc
import ammonite.main.Router.{doc, main} @main def main(x: Int@doc("this is x"), y:Int@doc("this is y")) = { val result = x*y println(result) Map("key" -> result) }
3)调用Scala脚本并返回结果
package com.today.dbreport import ammonite.ops.Path import ammonite.util.Res import ammonite.util.Res.{Exception, Failure, Success} object Test { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val args = Seq(("x", Some("2")), ("y", Some("3"))) //运行Scala脚本并获取数据Map val result: (Res[Any], Seq[(Path, Long)]) = ammonite.Main().runScript(Path("Test.sc"), args) val dataMap = (result._1 match { case Success(x) => { Some(x.asInstanceOf[Map[String, AnyRef]]) } case Failure(msg) => println(s"generate report by script failure: ${msg}"); None case Exception(msg, e) => println(s"generate report by script exception: ${msg}", e); None }) match { case Some(x) => x case None => Map() } println(dataMap); } }
输出结果:
Compiling (synthetic)/ammonite/predef/interpBridge.sc Compiling (synthetic)/ammonite/predef/DefaultPredef.sc Compiling /home/barry/data/projects/db_report/src/main/resources/scripts/Test.sc 6 Map(key -> 6)