javaMail

JavaMail概述：

       JavaMail是由Sun定义的一套收发电子邮件的API，不同的厂商可以提供自己的实现类。但它并没有包含在JDK中，而是作为JavaEE的一部分。

javaMail常见的邮件协议包括：

SMTP:简单的邮件传输协议，用于发送电子邮件协议；

POP3：用于接收电子邮件的标准邮件协议；

IMAP：互联网消息协议，是POP3的代替协议

这三种协议都有对应SSL加密传输的协议，分别是SMTPS，POP3S和IMAPS。

下面我们看一个例子来简单的了解一下Javamail

1.使用Spring发送带附件的电子邮件

大配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">
    <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="192.168.8.71"></property><!-- 服务器 -->
        <property name="port" value="25"></property><!-- 端口 -->
        <property name="username" value="wxk"></property><!-- 用户名 -->
        <property name="password" value="wxk"></property><!-- 密码 -->
        <property name="protocol" value="smtp" ></property><!-- 协议 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property><!-- 默认编码 -->
        <property name="javaMailProperties">
            <props>
                <!-- 设置SMTP服务器需要用户验证  -->
                <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="mailWithAttachment" class="cn.bdqn.MailWithAttachment">
        <property name="mailSender" ref="mailSender"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

 log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=info,console
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

//测试
package cn.bdqn;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class MailTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        
        try{
            MailWithAttachment mailWithAttach = (MailWithAttachment)context.getBean("mailWithAttachment");
            mailWithAttach.send();
        }catch(Exception e){
            System.out.print(e.toString());
        }
    }
}    

MailWithAttachment

package cn.bdqn;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;



public class MailWithAttachment {
    private JavaMailSender mailSender; //必须使用 JavaMailSender
    public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
    }
    
    public void send() throws MessagingException,IOException{
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "UTF-8");
        helper.setFrom("wxk@mail.com");
        helper.setTo("wj@mail.com");
        
        helper.setSubject("等待是种执着");
        helper.setText("青鸟的岁月似流年，又有多少青春如风逝去，不要让这座城市只留下无尽的回忆，却没有留下我们一起走过的青春，" +
                "青春不是生命的一瞬，而是一种自然的心境！");
        //添加附件1
        ClassPathResource file1 = new ClassPathResource("/cn/bdqn/attachfiles/QQ图片20161214191111.jpg");
        helper.addAttachment(file1.getFilename(), file1.getFile());
        //添加附件2：附件的文件名为中文时，需要对文件名进行编码转换，解决乱码问题
        ClassPathResource file2 = new ClassPathResource("/cn/bdqn/attachfiles/附件测试文件.doc");
        helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file2.getFilename()),file2.getFile());
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

上传邮件成功

2.使用Spring发送简单邮件

大配置和log4j还要架包同上省略

Mail

package cn.bdqn;

import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;


public class Mail {
    private MailSender mailSender;
    public void setMailSender(MailSender mailSender) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
    }
    public void send(){
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom("wxk@mail.com");
        message.setTo("wj@mail.com");
        message.setSubject("会议通知fsb发布");
        message.setText("jerry你好！请于明天下午16:00 准时到B01会议室召开技术讨论会。");
        mailSender.send(message);
    }
}

MailTest

package cn.bdqn;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MailTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        /*测试简单邮件*/
        Mail mail = (Mail)context.getBean("mail");
        mail.send();
    }
}    

　　

3.使用Spring邮件服务和FreeMarker模板技术发送邮件

大配置和log4j还要架包同上省略

实体层

package cn.bdqn.pojo;

public class Mail {
    private String to;
    private String subject;
    private String content;
    public String getTo() {
        return to;
    }
    public void setTo(String to) {
        this.to = to;
    }
    public String getSubject() {
        return subject;
    }
    public void setSubject(String subject) {
        this.subject = subject;
    }
    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }
    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }
    
}

LeaveService

package cn.bdqn.service;

import cn.bdqn.pojo.Mail;

public class LeaveService {
    private MailService mailService;
    public void setMailService(MailService mailService) {
        this.mailService = mailService;
    }
    
    public void updateLeave(){
        //省略审批请假申请
        //查询数据库获取相关信息
        String approver = "张来";
        Mail mail = new Mail();
        mail.setTo("wj@mail.com");
        mail.setSubject("请假流程确认邮件");
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        sb.append("<html><head>");
        sb.append("<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">");
        sb.append("<head><body>");
        sb.append("<font color='blue' size='4' face='Arial'>");
        sb.append("OA系统温馨提示：</font><br/><br/>");
        sb.append("    ");
        sb.append("在OA系统中，您提交的“请假流程” "+ approver +" 已经审批完成，点击如下链接可登陆系统查看流程，谢谢。" +
                "如果登录时忘记密码，可以在网站登录页找回。<br/>");
        sb.append("<br/><br/>    <a href='http://www.jboa.com'>http://www.jboa.com</a>");
        sb.append("<br/><br/>    -----本邮件为系统自动发出，请勿回复-----");
        mail.setContent(sb.toString());
        try{
            mailService.send(mail);
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
    }

    
}

　　MailService

package cn.bdqn.service;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import cn.bdqn.pojo.Mail;

public class MailService {
    private JavaMailSender mailSender; //必须使用 JavaMailSender
    public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
    }
    
    public void send(Mail mail) throws MessagingException,IOException{
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "UTF-8");
        helper.setFrom("wxk@mail.com");
        helper.setTo(mail.getTo());
        helper.setSubject(mail.getSubject());
        
        helper.setText(mail.getContent(),true);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
        System.out.print("发送完成！");
    }
}

　　MailTest

package cn.bdqn;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.bdqn.service.LeaveService;

public class MailTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        LeaveService service = (LeaveService)context.getBean("leaveService");
        service.updateLeave();
    }
}    

最简单的站内传送Email上传，不需要大配置、log4j、架包

定义一个EmailAuthenticator类 extend Authenticator

public class EmailAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
	private String username;   
	  
    private String userpass;

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public void setUserpass(String userpass) {
		this.userpass = userpass;
	}

	public EmailAuthenticator() {
	}

	public EmailAuthenticator(String username, String userpass) {
		this.username = username;
		this.userpass = userpass;
	}
	public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){
		return new PasswordAuthentication(username,userpass);
	}

定义Mail.java用来定义发件人和收件人的信息

public class Mail {
  private String mailServer,from,to,mailSubject,mailContent;
  private String username,password;
  public Mail(){
	  //设置邮件信息
	  //进行认证登录的用户名
	  username="bxq@mail.com";
	  //认证密码
	  password="bxq";
	  //认证的邮箱对应的邮件服务器
	  mailServer="192.168.8.71";
	  //发件人信息
	  from="bxq";
	  //收件人信息
	  to="wj@mail.com";
	  //邮件标题
	  mailSubject="我们都是好孩子";
	  //邮件内容
	  mailContent="这是一封测试邮件！如有雷同，纯属不可能";
  }
  //设置邮件服务器
  @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public  void send(){
	  Properties prop=System.getProperties();
	  //指定邮件server
	  prop.put("mail.smtp.host", mailServer);
	  
	  //是否开启认证
	  prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
	  
	  //smtp协议的
	  prop.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
	  //产生Session服务
	  EmailAuthenticator mailauth=new EmailAuthenticator(username, password);
	  Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop,(Authenticator)mailauth);
	   try {
		   //封装Message对象
		   Message message=new MimeMessage(mailSession);
		   
		   message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); //发件人
		   message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));//收件人
		   message.setSubject(mailSubject);
		   //设置内容(设置字符集处理乱码问题)
		   message.setContent(mailContent,"text/html;charset=gbk");
		   message.setSentDate(new Date());
		   //创建Transport实例，发送邮件
		   Transport tran=mailSession.getTransport("smtp");
		   tran.send(message,message.getAllRecipients());
		   tran.close();
		   
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
  }

测试 Test.java

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Mail mail=new Mail();
		mail.send();
		System.out.println("success!");
	}

}

 Transport和Store：传输和存储

邮件操作只有发送或接收两种处理方法，javaMail将两个不同的操作描述传输（javax.mail.Transport）和存储（javax.mail.Store），传输对应邮件的发送，而存储对应邮件的接收。

Session提供了几个用于创建Transport和Store实例的方法，在具体讲解这些方法之前，我们事先了解一下Session创建Transport和Store的内部机制。我们知道提供者在javamail.providers配置文件中为每一种支持的邮件协议定义了实现类，Session根据协议类型（stmp、pop3等）和邮件操作方式（传输和存储）这两个信息就可以定位到一个实例类上。比如，指定stmp协议和transport类型后，Session就会使用com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport实现类创建一个Transport实例，而指定pop3协议和store类型时，则会使用com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store实例类创建一个Store实例。Session提供了多个重载的getTransport()和getStore()方法，这些方法将根据Session中Properties属性设置情况进行工作，影响这两套方法工作的属性包括：

属性名	说明
mail.transport.protocol	默认的邮件传输协议，例如，smtp
mail.store.protocol	默认的存储邮件协议，例如：pop3
mail.host	默认的邮件服务地址，例如：192.168.67.1
mail.user	默认的登陆用户名，例如：zapldy