• python学习之路-day7


    文件读取

    读取模式('r')、写入模式写入模式('w')、附加模式附加模式('a')或让你能够读取和写入文件的模式('r+'
    如果要写入的文件不存在,函数open()将自动创建它。然而,以写入('w')模式打开文件时千万要小心,因为如果指定的文件已经存在,Python将在返回文件对象前清空该文件
    python只能将字符串写入文本文件。要将数值数据存储到文本文件中,必须先使用函数str()将其转换为字符串格式。
     1 # f=open('test.txt','r+')
     2 # f.write('Avaya')#新内容会添加在文件的开头,并且会覆盖开头原有的内容
     3 # f.close()
     4 
     5 
     6 
     7 # f=open('test.txt','w')
     8 # f.write('test') #w模式下使用write,会把文件内容清空然后在开头写入内容
     9 # f.close()
    10 
    11 # f=open('test.txt','w+')
    12 # f.write('test1')#效果与上面一样
    13 # f.close()
    14 
    15 # f=open('test.txt','a')
    16 # f.write('Hillstone')  #会在文件末尾追加
    17 # f.close()
    18 
    19 # f=open('test.txt')
    20 # print(f.closed)#closed方法会返回一个布尔值,如果是打开状态就是fales
    21 # f.close()
    22 # print(f.closed)
    23 
    24 
    25 # with open('test.txt')as f:   #with语句打开的文件将自动关闭
    26 #     print(f.read())
    27 # print(f.closed)
    View Code

    异常

    ZeroDivisionError异常

    1 try:
    2     print(5/0)
    3 except ZeroDivisionError:
    4     print("You can't divide by zero")
    5 
    6 You can't divide by zero
    View Code
    处理FileNotFoundError异常

     1 filename='alice.txt'
     2 with open(filename) as f_obj:
     3     contents = f_obj.read()
     4 Python无法读取不存在的文件,因此它引发一个异常:
     5 Traceback (most recent call last):
     6   File "E:/untitled1/alice.py", line 2, in <module>
     7     with open(filename) as f_obj:
     8 FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'alice.txt'
     9 
    10 filename='alice.txt'
    11 try:
    12     with open(filename) as f_obj:
    13         contents = f_obj.read()
    14 except FileNotFoundError:
    15     msg="Sorry,the file "+filename+" does not exist."
    16     print(msg)
    View Code
    失败时一声不吭

     1 filename='alice.txt'
     2 try:
     3     with open(filename) as f_obj:
     4         contents = f_obj.read()
     5 except FileNotFoundError:
     6     pass#不提示错误消息
     7 else:
     8     #  计算文件大致包含多少个单词
     9     words= contents.split()
    10     num_words=len(words)
    11     print("The file "+filename+" has about "+str(num_words)+" words.")
    View Code
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/awanghang/p/13269116.html
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