【并查集】Gym

meciul.in / meciul.out

Oberyn Martell and Gregor Clegane are dueling in a trial by combat. The fight is extremely important, as the life of Tyrion Lannister is on the line. Oberyn and Gregor are measuring their skill in combat the only way the two best fighters in Westeros can, a match of Starcraft. The one who supervises the match in none other than Por Costel the pig.

Oberyn and Gregor are both playing the Terrans, and they confront each other in the middle of the map, each with an army of Marines. Unfortunately, pigs cannot distinguish colors that well, that is why Por Costel can't figure out which marine belongs to which player. All he sees is  marines in the middle of the map and, from time to time, two marines shooting each other. Moreover, it might be the case that Por Costel's imagination will play tricks on him and he will sometimes think two marines are shooting each other even though they are not.

People are starting to question whether Por Costel is the right person for this important job. It is our mission to remove those doubts. You will be given Por Costel's  observations. An observation consists in the fact that Por Costel sees that marine  and marine  are shooting each other. We know that marines in the same team (Oberyn's or Gregor's) can never shoot each other. Your task is to give a verdict for each observation, saying if it is right or not.

An observation of Por Costel's is considered correct if, considering this observation true and considering all the correct observations up to this point true, there is a way to split the marines in "Oberyn's team" and "Gregor's team" such that no two marines from the same team have ever shot each other. Otherwise, the observation is considered incorrect.

"Elia Martell!!! You rushed her! You cheesed her! You killed her SCVs!"

Input

The input file meciul.in will contain, on its first line, the number of tests  (). A test has the following structure: the first line contains integers  () and  () and the next  lines each contain a pair of integers  and  () describing an observation of Por Costel's.

Output

The output file meciul.out will contain one line for each of Por Costel's observations, on each test. The line will contain "YES" if the observation is correct and "NO" otherwise. It is not necessary to leave extra spacing between the outputs of different test cases.

Example

Input

1
3 3
1 2
2 3
1 3

Output

YES
YES
NO

给你一些信息(x,y)，告诉你x和y是敌人，让你根据某条信息之前的合法信息，判断当前信息是否合法。

并查集。记录x的敌人集合为enemy[x]，只需要存一个代表元即可。

然后如果某条信息合法的话，就将x和enemy[y]合并，y和enemy[x]合并即可。

很像当年入门的时候一道并查集经典题“团伙”。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int fa[100010],__rank[100010],enemy[100010];
int T,n,m;
int findroot(int x)
{
	return x==fa[x] ? x : fa[x]=findroot(fa[x]);
}
int Union(int U,int V)
{
	if(__rank[U]<__rank[V])
	  fa[U]=V;
	else
	  {
	  	fa[V]=U;
	  	if(__rank[U]==__rank[V])
	  	  ++__rank[U];
	  }
}
int main()
{
	//freopen("h.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("meciul.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("meciul.out","w",stdout);
	int x,y;
	scanf("%d",&T);
	for(;T;--T)
	  {
	  	memset(__rank,0,sizeof(__rank));
	  	memset(enemy,0,sizeof(enemy));
	  	scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
	  	for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)
	  	  fa[i]=i;
	  	for(int i=1;i<=m;++i)
	  	  {
	  	  	scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
	  	  	int f1=findroot(x),f2=findroot(y);
	  	  	if(f1==f2)
	  	  	  puts("NO");
	  	  	else
	  	  	  {
	  	  	  	if(!enemy[x])
	  	  	  	  enemy[x]=y;
	  	  	  	else
	  	  	  	  Union(f2,findroot(enemy[x]));
	  	  	  	if(!enemy[y])
	  	  	  	  enemy[y]=x;
	  	  	  	else
	  	  	  	  Union(f1,findroot(enemy[y]));
	  	  	  	puts("YES");
	  	  	  }
	  	  }
	  }
	return 0;
}