• 谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(3):WCF Data Contract对Collection & Dictionary的支持


    在本篇文章上一部分Order Processing的例子中,我们看到原本已Collection形式定义的DetailList属性(public IList<TDetail> DetailList),在Data Contract中却以Array的方式体现(public OrderDetail[] DetailList)。我们现在就来详细地讨论一下基于Collection & Dictionary Data Contract

    Data Contract for Collection

    我们照例用例子来说明问题,在这里我们创建一个批量处理
    OrderService,于是我们创建了一个OrderCollection Type:

    namespace Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
    {
        [DataContract]
        
    public class Order
        
    {
            [DataMember]
            
    public Guid OrderID
            
    getset; }

            [DataMember]
            
    public DateTime OrderDate
            
    getset; }
        }


        
    public class OrderCollection : List<Order>
        
    {

        }

    }

    下面是Service Contract的定义:

     

    namespace Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
    {
        [ServiceContract]
        
    public interface IOrderManager
        
    {
            [OperationContract(Name 
    = "ProcessWithCollection")]
            
    void Process(OrderCollection orders);
    }

    面是OrderCollection XSD中的呈现:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
        xmlns:xs
    ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
        xmlns:ser
    ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      
    <xs:import schemaLocation="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd1"
              namespace
    ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" />
      
    <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfOrder">
        
    <xs:sequence>
          
    <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Order" nillable="true" type="tns:Order" />
        
    </xs:sequence>
      
    </xs:complexType>
      
    <xs:element name="ArrayOfOrder" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfOrder"/>
      
    <xs:complexType
    name="Order">
        
    <xs:sequence>
          
    <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="OrderDate" type="xs:dateTime"/>
          
    <xs:element
    minOccurs="0" name="OrderID" type="ser:guid"/>
        
    </xs:sequence>
      
    </xs:complexType>
      
    <xs:element
    name="Order" nillable="true" type="tns:Order"/>
    </xs:schema>

    加上通过Add Service Reference默认生成的Class,我们可以很清楚地看出Collection是以Array的形式呈现的(Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order[] orders):

        [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel""3.0.0.0")]
        [System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName
    ="OrderManagerService.IOrderManager")]
        
    public interface IOrderManager 
            [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action
    ="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithCollection", ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithCollectionResponse")]
            
    void ProcessWithCollection(Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order[] orders);
    }

    因为Array相对很Common的数据类型,基本上所有的厂商均提供了对Array的支持,这也是WCF在通过Add Service Reference生成Client端代码的时候,会生成Array的原因。不过并不是我们只有唯一的选择,事实上VS为此提供了扩展,允许我们对于基于Collection Data Contract生成我们需要的各种类型,我们只需要在Add Service Reference的时候选择“Configure Service Reference”进行相应的配置:

    通过上面的截图,我们发现在Collection Type一项我们有若干选项,我们可以选择我们希望生成的数据类型:ArrayArrayListLinkedListGeneric ListCollectionBindingList 

    Data Contract for Dictionary

    前面的内容,我们分别讨论了基于GenericCollectionData Contract,接下来,我们来讨论最后一个特殊的数据类型的Data ContractDictionary

    延续上面的Order Batch Processing的例子,不过我们现在处理的不是一个OrderCollection对象,而是一个Dictionary对象,线面是Service ContractOrder的定义:

    namespace Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
    {
        [ServiceContract]
        
    public interface IOrderManager
        
    {
            [OperationContract(Name 
    = "ProcessWithCollection")]
            
    void Process(OrderCollection orders);

            [OperationContract(Name 
    = "ProcessWithDictionary")]
            
    void Process(IDictionary<Guid, Order> orders);
        }

    }

     

        [DataContract]
        
    public class Order
        
    {
            [DataMember]
            
    public Guid OrderID
            
    getset; }

            [DataMember]
            
    public DateTime OrderDate
            
    getset; }
        }

    闲话少说,我们来看XSD

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:ser="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      
    <xs:import schemaLocation="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd1" namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"/>
      
    <xs:import schemaLocation="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd2" namespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"/>
      
    <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3">
        
    <xs:annotation>
          
    <xs:appinfo>
            
    <IsDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">true</IsDictionary>
          
    </xs:appinfo>
        
    </xs:annotation>
        
    <xs:sequence>
          
    <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="KeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3">
            
    <xs:complexType>
              
    <xs:sequence>
                
    <xs:element name="Key" type="ser:guid"/>
                
    <xs:element name="Value" nillable="true" type="q1:Order" xmlns:q1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"/>
              
    </xs:sequence>
            
    </xs:complexType>
          
    </xs:element>
        
    </xs:sequence>
      
    </xs:complexType>
      
    <xs:element name="ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3"/>
    </xs:schema>

    Data Contract的名称为ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3=ArrayOfKeyValueOf+guidKey的类型)+OrderValue+_SkVQi6O3Hash Value)。从该XSD的结构我们不难看出,只是一个数组,每个元素为Key-Value pair

    我们照例看看通过Add Service Reference方式生成的Clientcode中的对应的定义:

        [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel""3.0.0.0")]
        [System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName
    ="OrderManagerService.IOrderManager")]
        
    public interface IOrderManager {               
            [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action
    ="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithDictionary", ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithDictionaryResponse")]
            
    void ProcessWithDictionary(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.Guid, Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order> orders);
        }

    生成的是一个System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary类型。同Collection一样,也依然可以有多种选择:


    [原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(1):Data Contract Overview
    [原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(2):WCF Data Contract对Generic的支持
    [原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(3):WCF Data Contract对Collection & Dictionary的支持
    [原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(4):WCF Data Contract Versioning

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/artech/p/974665.html
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