这几天在准备网络安装linux操作系统。最后决定用pxe + kickstart 的方式完成。原理、方案弄完了之后,开始搭建,结果被DHCP给挡住了。这不就得研究研究最简单最实用的DHCP使用方法。
* 红色的是必须有
* 绿色的是要注意
* 蓝色的是包安装时,要有的程序包
1. DHCP的实现
2. 配置文件实例
实例1
实例2
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1. DHCP的实现
DHCP服务必须给本网段提供一个地址池。
# yum -y install dhcp-devel # rpm -aq | grep dhcp dhcp-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.i686 dhcp-devel-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos.i686 # cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf # vi dhcpd.conf ddns-update-style interim; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; option domain-name “test.com”; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1,202.106.0.20;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.2550 { range 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.254; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.1.1; } host server01 { hardware ethernet 0:c0:c3:22:46:81; fixed-address 192.168.1.11; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.1.1; } subnet 117.34.70.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; option routers 117.34.70.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; }
一台主机有多块网卡,需要在某个网卡上启用DHCP服务时,需要配置如下:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd # Command line options here DHCPDARGS="eth0"
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2. 配置文件实例
简单的样例:(红色部分必须有)
# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf # dhcpd.conf # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd # option definitions common to all supported networks... option domain-name "example.org"; option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. ddns-update-style none; # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative; # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). log-facility local7; # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the # DHCP server to understand the network topology. subnet 117.34.73.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { } subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { } # vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; ddns-update-style none; subnet 117.34.73.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { }
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* 注意:
● 如果主机网卡比较多,可以选择一块作为服务网卡。
vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
# Command line options here
DHCPDARGS="em1:1"
● 提供服务的网卡必需是 非自动获取 的地址。
ifconfig eth0 172.16.40.129/25 up
● 服务提供的地址池必需包含本地提供服务的地址在里面。
● 地址池(range)不能与作用域(subnet)冲突。
● 其他的参数、选项没有也可以启动的。所以可以不设置,因为这里是为了网络安装。
● 如果配置了这里所说的最简单的 dhcp 服务,却无法启动。就剩下一个原因,每句后面有没有分号。