使用 factor() 函数通过采取向量作为输入来创建因子。
示例
# Create a vector as input.
data <-
c("East","West","East","North","North","East","West","West","West","East","North")
print(data)
print(is.factor(data))
# Apply the factor function.
factor_data <- factor(data)
print(factor_data)
print(is.factor(factor_data))
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
[1] FALSE
Levels: East North West
[1] TRUE
在数据帧的因子
在创建任何数据帧文本数据的列,R语言对待文本列作为分类数据,并在其上创建因子。
# Create the vectors for data frame.
height <- c(132,151,162,139,166,147,122)
weight <- c(48,49,66,53,67,52,40)
gender <-
c("male","male","female","female","male","female","male")
# Create the data frame.
input_data <- data.frame(height,weight,gender)
print(input_data)
# Test if the gender column is a factor.
print(is.factor(input_data$gender))
# Print the gender column so see the levels.
print(input_data$gender)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
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7
[1] TRUE
[1] male
Levels: female male
更改级别的顺序
一个因素中的级别的顺序可以通过使用级别的新顺序,再次应用因子函数来改变。
data <-
c("East","West","East","North","North","East","West","West","West","East","North")
# Create the factors
factor_data <- factor(data)
print(factor_data)
# Apply the factor function with required order of the level.
new_order_data <- factor(factor_data,levels =
c("East","West","North"))
print(new_order_data)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
Levels: East North West
Levels: East West North
生成因子级别
我们可以通过使用 gl()函数生成因子的级别。它有两个整型输入,表示每个级别有多少水平和多少次。
语法
gl(n, k, labels)
以下是所使用的参数的说明:
示例
v <- gl(3, 4, labels = c("Tampa",
"Seattle","Boston"))
print(v)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
Tampa
[10] Boston
Levels: Tampa Seattle Boston