VueRouter

前置条件

用vue cli创建Vue项目并安装ElementUI插件
https://www.cnblogs.com/aeolian/p/15828543.html

VueRouter

安装VueRouter

npm install vue-router
#安装指定版本号的vue-router
npm i vue-router@3.2.0

使用VueRouter

main.js

//引用router
import router from './router'

new Vue({
  router,  //使用router
  render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')

router/index.js

src下新建router文件夹和index.js
src/router/index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//import Home from '../views/Home.vue'

//使用VueRouter插件
Vue.use(VueRouter)

// 创建路由对应的view
const routes = [
    {
        path: '/',
        name: 'Home',
        component: () => import('../views/Home.vue')
    },
    {
        path: '/user',
        name: 'User',
        component: () => import('../views/User.vue')
    }
]

// 创建VueRouter实例
const router = new VueRouter({
    mode: "history",
    routes
})

//main.js中引用的就是这个router
export default router

视图组件

src/views/Home.vue

<template>
    <div>{{msg}}</div>
</template>
<script>
export default{
    name: 'homeView',  //这里要用驼峰命名法
    data(){
        return {
            msg: 'this is Home'
        }
    }
}
</script>

src/views/User.vue

<template>
    <div>{{msg}}</div>
</template>
<script>
export default{
    name: 'userView',
    data(){
        return {
            msg: 'this is User'
        }
    }
}
</script>

router-view展示数据

App.vue中添加router-view，默认展示/路由的内容

<router-view></router-view>

router-link改变router-view中内容

HelloWorld.vue

<template>
  <div class="hello">
    {{msg}}
    <router-link to="/">
      <el-button>主页</el-button>
    </router-link>
    <router-link to="/user">
      <el-button type="primary">用户</el-button>
    </router-link>
  </div>
</template>

Container容器布局

安装less插件

#css预处理器less
npm i less
#解析器
npm i less-loader@5.0.0

Home.vue

<template>
    <el-container style="height:100%">
        <el-aside width="auto">
            Aside
        </el-aside>
        <el-container>
            <el-header>Header</el-header>
            <el-main>Main</el-main>
        </el-container>
    </el-container>
</template>
<script>
export default{
    name: 'homeView',
    data(){
        return {
            msg: 'this is Home'
        }
    }
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.el-aside {
    background-color: rgb(184, 172, 172);
}
.el-header {
    background-color: rgb(245, 233, 233);
}
.el-main {
    background-color: rgb(208, 241, 185);
}
</style>

App.vue只留router-view标签

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <!-- 展示vue router -->
    <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
//import HelloWorld from './components/HelloWorld.vue'

export default {
  name: 'App'
  // ,components: {
  //   HelloWorld
  // }
}
</script>

<style>
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

侧边栏CommonSide.vue

在src/components/CommonSide.vue

<template>
<el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" :collapse="isCollapse">
  <el-submenu index="1">
    <template slot="title">
      <i class="el-icon-location"></i>
      <span slot="title">导航一</span>
    </template>
    <el-menu-item-group>
      <span slot="title">分组一</span>
      <el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
      <el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item>
    </el-menu-item-group>
    <el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
      <el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
    </el-menu-item-group>
    <el-submenu index="1-4">
      <span slot="title">选项4</span>
      <el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
    </el-submenu>
  </el-submenu>
  <el-menu-item index="2">
    <i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
    <span slot="title">导航二</span>
  </el-menu-item>
  <el-menu-item index="3" disabled>
    <i class="el-icon-document"></i>
    <span slot="title">导航三</span>
  </el-menu-item>
  <el-menu-item index="4">
    <i class="el-icon-setting"></i>
    <span slot="title">导航四</span>
  </el-menu-item>
</el-menu>
</template>

<style>
  .el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {
     200px;
    min-height: 400px;
  }
</style>

<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        isCollapse: true
      };
    },
    methods: {
      handleOpen(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      },
      handleClose(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      }
    }
  }
</script>

在views/Home.vue中引入CommonSide组件并在Vue单页组件中使用

<template>
    <el-container style="height:100%">
        <el-aside width="auto">
            <!-- 侧边栏aside -->
            <common-aside></common-aside>
        </el-aside>
        <el-container>
            <el-header>Header</el-header>
            <el-main>Main</el-main>
        </el-container>
    </el-container>
</template>
<script>
// 引入侧边栏aside组件
import CommonAside from '../components/CommonAside.vue'
export default{
    name: 'homeView',
    components: {
        // 在本组件中使用侧边栏组件
        CommonAside
    },
    data(){
        return {
            msg: 'this is Home'
        }
    }
}
</script>

CommonAside侧边栏使用json数据

App.vue中把高度改为整屏

#app {
  /* 一屏的高度 */
  height: 100vh;
}

<template>
<el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" :collapse="isCollapse">
    <!-- 标题 -->
    <h3>后台管理系统</h3>
    <!-- 无子菜单遍历 -->
    <el-menu-item v-for="item in noChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path">
        <i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i>
        <span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span>
    </el-menu-item>
    <!-- 有子菜单遍历 -->
    <el-submenu v-for="item in hasChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path">
        <template slot="title">
        <i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i>
        <span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span>
        </template>
        <!-- 遍历子菜单 -->
        <el-menu-item-group v-for="(subItem,subIndex) in item.children" :key="subItem.path">
        <el-menu-item :index="subIndex">{{subItem.label}}</el-menu-item>
        </el-menu-item-group>
    </el-submenu>
</el-menu>
</template>

<style>
  .el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {
     200px;
    min-height: 400px;
  }
</style>

<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        isCollapse: false,
        menu:[
            {
                path: '/',
                name: 'home',
                label: '首页',
                icon: 's-home',
                url: 'Home/Home'
            },
            {
                path: '/mall',
                name: 'mall',
                label: '商品管理',
                icon: 'video-play',
                url: 'MallManage/MallManage'
            },
            {
                label: '系统管理',
                icon: 'setting',
                children:[
                    {
                        path: '/user',
                        name: 'user',
                        label: '用户管理',
                        icon: 'user',
                        url: 'UserManage/UserManage'
                    },
                    {
                        path: '/role',
                        name: 'role',
                        label: '角色管理',
                        icon: 'role',
                        url: 'RoleManage/RoleManage'
                    },
                    {
                        path: '/menu',
                        name: 'menu',
                        label: '菜单管理',
                        icon: 'role',
                        url: 'MenuManage/MenuManage'
                    }

                ]
            }
        ]
      };
    },
    methods: {
      handleOpen(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      },
      handleClose(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      }
    },
    computed:{
        noChildren() {
            // noChildren函数返回无子结点的menu
            return this.menu.filter(item => !item.children)
        },
        hasChildren() {
            // hasChildren函数返回有子结点的menu
            return this.menu.filter(item => item.children)
        }
    }
  }
</script>

效果:

点击左侧菜单右侧显示组件

在菜单上添加点击事件clickMenu
CommonAside.vue

<template>
<el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" 
    background-color="#545c64" text-color="#fff" active-text-color="#ffd04b" 
    @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" :collapse="isCollapse">
    <!-- 标题 -->
    <h3>后台管理系统</h3>
    <!-- 无子菜单遍历 -->
    <el-menu-item @click="clickMenu(item)" v-for="item in noChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path">
        <i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i>
        <span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span>
    </el-menu-item>
    <!-- 有子菜单遍历 -->
    <el-submenu v-for="item in hasChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path">
        <template slot="title">
        <i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i>
        <span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span>
        </template>
        <!-- 遍历子菜单 -->
        <el-menu-item-group v-for="(subItem,subIndex) in item.children" :key="subItem.path">
          <!-- 添加clickMenu点击事件 -->
        <el-menu-item @click="clickMenu(subItem)" :index="subIndex">{{subItem.label}}</el-menu-item>
        </el-menu-item-group>
    </el-submenu>
</el-menu>
</template>

<style lang="less" scoped>
  .el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {
     200px;
    min-height: 400px;
  }

  .el-menu{
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
    h3 {
        color: #fff;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 48px;
    }
  }
</style>

<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        isCollapse: false,
        menu:[
            {
                path: '/',
                name: 'home',
                label: '首页',
                icon: 's-home',
                url: 'Home/Home'
            },
            {
                path: '/mall',
                name: 'mall',
                label: '商品管理',
                icon: 'video-play',
                url: 'MallManage/MallManage'
            },
            {
                label: '系统管理',
                icon: 'setting',
                children:[
                    {
                        path: '/user',
                        name: 'user',
                        label: '用户管理',
                        icon: 'user',
                        url: 'UserManage/UserManage'
                    },
                    {
                        path: '/role',
                        name: 'role',
                        label: '角色管理',
                        icon: 'role',
                        url: 'RoleManage/RoleManage'
                    },
                    {
                        path: '/menu',
                        name: 'menu',
                        label: '菜单管理',
                        icon: 'role',
                        url: 'MenuManage/MenuManage'
                    }

                ]
            }
        ]
      };
    },
    methods: {
      handleOpen(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      },
      handleClose(key, keyPath) {
        console.log(key, keyPath);
      },
      // 点击菜单跳转路由
      clickMenu(item){
        this.$router.push({
          name: item.name
        });
      }
    },
    computed:{
        noChildren() {
            // noChildren函数返回无子结点的menu
            return this.menu.filter(item => !item.children)
        },
        hasChildren() {
            // hasChildren函数返回有子结点的menu
            return this.menu.filter(item => item.children)
        }
    }
  }
</script>

把Home.vue改名为Main.vue，然后在views下面新建home和user文件夹,分别在下面新建index.vue。

router/index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//import Home from '../views/Home.vue'

//使用VueRouter插件
Vue.use(VueRouter)

// 创建路由对应的view
const routes = [
    {
        path: '/',
        name: 'Main',
        component: () => import('../views/Main.vue'),
        children:[
            {
                path: '/home',
                name: 'home',
                component: () => import('../views/home')
            },
            {
                path: '/user',
                name: 'user',
                component: () => import('../views/user')
            }
        ]
    }
]

// 创建VueRouter实例
const router = new VueRouter({
    mode: "history",
    routes
})

//main.js中引用的就是这个router
export default router

然后Main.vue中新增
总结: 首先当路径为/时候，展示我们的默认展示页面Main.vue，然后这里注意了，这里写了一个children，说明这里面的的都是Main.vue页面的子路由，这些页面将来会展示在Main.vue页面中的router-view中，所以一个页面中的router-view是用来展示这个页面路由下面的子路由的。