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感知机对偶形式(鸢尾花分类)
一、导入模块
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import random
%matplotlib inline
font = FontProperties(fname='/Library/Fonts/Heiti.ttc')
二、获取数据
def get_data():
df = pd.read_csv(
'http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/iris/iris.data', header=None)
X = df.iloc[0:100, [0, 2]].values
train_data_p = df.iloc[0:50, [0, 2, 4]].values
train_data_n = df.iloc[50:100, [0, 2, 4]].values
train_data_p[:, [2]], train_data_n[:, [2]] = -1, 1
train_data = train_data_p.tolist() + train_data_n.tolist()
return train_data, X
三、训练模型
def train(num_iter, train_data, learning_rate):
w = 0.0
b = 0
data_length = len(train_data)
alpha = [0 for _ in range(data_length)]
train_data = np.array(train_data)
gram = np.matmul(train_data[:, 0:-1], train_data[:, 0:-1].T)
for i in range(num_iter):
count = 0
i = random.randint(0, data_length - 1)
yi = train_data[i, -1]
for j in range(data_length):
count += alpha[j] * train_data[j, -1] * gram[i, j]
count += b
if (yi * count <= 0):
alpha[i] = alpha[i] + learning_rate
b = b + learning_rate * yi
for i in range(data_length):
w += alpha[i] * train_data[i, 0:-1] * train_data[i, -1]
return w, b, alpha, gram
四、可视化
def plot_points(w, b, X):
plt.figure()
x1 = np.linspace(4, 7, 100)
x2 = (-b - w[0] * x1) / (w[1] + 1e-10)
plt.plot(x1, x2, color='k')
plt.scatter(X[:50, 0], X[:50, 1], color='r', s=50, marker='o', label='山鸢尾')
plt.scatter(X[50:100, 0], X[50:100, 1], color='b',
s=50, marker='x', label='变色鸢尾')
plt.xlabel('萼片长度(cm)', fontproperties=font)
plt.ylabel('花瓣长度(cm)', fontproperties=font)
plt.legend(prop=font)
plt.show()
五、运行
train_data, X = get_data()
w, b, alpha, gram = train(
num_iter=1000, train_data=train_data, learning_rate=0.1)
plot_points(w, b, X)
