要求:
1. 定义栈的数据结构,要求添加一个 min函数,能够得到栈的最小元素
2. 要求函数 min、push 以及 pop 的时间复杂度都是 O(1)
思路: 构建一个辅助栈, 只有当前入栈的数据小于该辅助栈的栈顶元素时,才将其push到辅助栈, 保证辅助栈的栈顶元素总为最小,当出栈时,如果出栈元素大于辅助栈栈顶元素,则该元素必然不在辅助栈中,因为辅助栈保留了原始栈的入栈顺序(只按大到小存储 舍弃了一些元素), 该较大元素在入栈时就已经被辅助栈过滤掉了,如果出栈元素小于或等于辅助栈栈顶元素,则辅助栈也进行pop操作
1 package com.rui.microsoft; 2 3 import java.util.Stack; 4 5 public class Test02_MinStack { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 MyStack myStack = new MyStack(); 9 myStack.push(5); 10 myStack.push(3); 11 myStack.push(1); 12 myStack.push(6); 13 14 System.out.println(myStack.min()); 15 16 myStack.pop(); 17 System.out.println(myStack.min()); 18 19 myStack.pop(); 20 System.out.println(myStack.min()); 21 22 } 23 24 static class MyStack{ 25 private Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<Integer>(); 26 private Stack<Integer> minStack = new Stack<Integer>(); 27 28 public void push(int i){ 29 stack.push(i); 30 31 if(minStack.isEmpty()){ 32 minStack.push(i); 33 }else{ 34 int min = minStack.peek(); 35 //minStack only push item smaller than its top item 36 //minStack只入栈比其栈顶元素小的元素 37 if(i < min){ 38 minStack.push(i); 39 } 40 } 41 } 42 43 public Integer pop(){ 44 Integer i = stack.pop(); 45 //when pop an item from original stack 46 //we need to process the minStack also 47 //if the item popped from original stack is larger than minStack's top item 48 //it means this item should not exist in minStack 49 if(i <= minStack.peek()){ 50 minStack.pop(); 51 } 52 return i; 53 } 54 55 public Integer min(){ 56 return minStack.peek(); 57 } 58 } 59 }