1、安装Mysql需要的依赖包
yum -y install ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake
2、创建Mysql用户账号
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
3、上传mysql源码包或直接使用wget下载（下载地址：http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/mysql/Downloads/）
wget http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz tar xf mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz cd mysql-5.6.39
4、编译安装Mysql
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.6.39 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.6.39/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.6.39/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
make && make install
5、创建软连接
ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.39/ /application/mysql
6、创建Mysql多实例的数据文件目录
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
7、为了让Mysql多实例之间比此独立，要为每一个实例建立一个my.cnf配置文件和一个启动文件mysql,让他们分别对应自己的数据文件目录data。
vim /data/3306/my.cnf
[client] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock basedir = /application/mysql datadir = /data/3306/data open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_open_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M #long_query_time = 1 #log_long_format #log-error = /data/3306/error.log #log-slow-queries = /data/3306/slow.log pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid #log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 6 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3306/mysql_3306.err pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid
vim /data/3306/mysql
#!/bin/bash port=3306 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="123456" CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin" mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock" . /etc/init.d/functions start(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL... " /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & [ $? -eq 0 ] && action "Mysql start" /bin/true || action "Mysql start" /bin/false else printf "MySQL is running... " exit 1 fi } stop(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped... " exit 1 else printf "Stoping MySQL... " ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown [ $? -eq 0 ] && action "Stop mysql" /bin/true || action "Stop mysql" /bin/false fi } restart(){ printf "Restarting MySQL... " stop sleep 2 start } Usage(){ echo "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql (start|stop|restart)" exit 1 } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) restart ;; *) Usage ;; esac
同样，需要在3307下也放入上面两个文件，只需要更改3306位3307即可。
8、配置Mysql多实例的文件权限，生产环境需要将Mysql脚本的权限设置为700，因为脚本里面有Mysql的root登录密码。
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
find /data -name mysql | xargs chmod 700
9、将Mysql命令加入环境变量(务必把Mysql命令放在PATH路径中其他路径的前面，防止使用的mysql命令和编译安装的命令不是同一个，进而产生错误)
echo "export PATH=/application/mysql-5.6.39/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
. /etc/profile
#ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
10、初始化Mysql多实例的数据库文件
cd /application/mysql/scripts/ ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql
#有两个OK，表示初始化成功
11、启动Mysql多实例数据库
/data/3306/mysql start /data/3307/mysql start
[root@localhost data]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16502/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17940/mysqld
如果Mysql多实例服务没有启动，请查看Mysql服务对应实例的错误日志，错误日志路径在my.cnf配置的最下面定义
12、配置开机启动，确保mysql脚本有执行权限
echo -e "/data/3306/msyql start /data/3307/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local
13、登录Mysql测试
Mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Mysql -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
14、 默认情况下，Mysql管理员的root账号是无密码的，登录不同的实例需要指定不同的实例的mysql.sock文件路径，这个mysql.sock是在my.cnf配置文件里指定的。我们需要修改Mysql管理员账号的密码，可以通过mysqladmin命令为不同的数据库设置独立的密码，命令如下：
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password '123456'
[root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Enter password:123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.16 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
3307实例的设置方法和3306实例的相同，只是连接时的mysql.sock路径不同而已。
15、配置mysql脚本的权限
find /data/ -type f -name "mysql" -exec chmod 700 {} ; find /data -type f -name "mysql" -exec chown root.root {} ;
16、停止Mysql的方式(温馨提示，生产环境，禁止使用kill -9 、pkill、killall -9等命令强制杀死数据库，这会引起数据库无法启动故障的发生)
/data/3306/mysql stop
17、如何在3306和3307实例的基础上，再增加一个Mysql实例
mkdir /data/3308/data -p cp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/ cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/
sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's/server-id = 6/server-id = 8/g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/3308/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/3308
chmod 700 /data/3308/mysql
chown root.root /data/3308/mysql
cd /application/mysql/scripts
./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/application/mysql --user=mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/3308
/data/3308/mysql start
mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password "`sed -n "4p" /data/3308/mysql | awk -F "[="]" '{print $3}'`" ##修改密码
netstat -tlunp | grep 3308