参考：
https://www.cnblogs.com/damonxu/p/6434265.html
http://blog.csdn.net/striker_v/article/details/51920627
https://www.cnblogs.com/Norlan/p/5196920.html
tips：
如果不能科学上网，那么ftp是访问不了的，可以直接把ftp三个字母换成http，亲测有效。
安装
#su #cd /opt #wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-5.3.0/gcc-5.3.0.tar.gz
安装前置
你的编译器告诉你还需要GMP啊，等等，就是说你需要前置的三个安装包。
然后按照：
https://www.cnblogs.com/damonxu/p/6434265.html
的方法把ftp统统改成http进行安装。
每安装完一个都要用
make check
看下安装情况
5.4降到5.3的安装
../gcc-5.3.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1
这个前面的..请换成你的gcc解压包的路径，绝对的或者相对的都可以。
错误锦集：
就是之前说的，make check。安装gmp时，作者提示强烈建议运行sudo make check
- 检查下有没有错误。然后我就出现了如下错误。这句命令以上博客都没有提到。
1 of 58 tests failed Please report to gmp-bugs@gmplib.org ==================================== Makefile:1004: recipe for target 'check-TESTS' failed make[4]: *** [check-TESTS] Error 1 make[4]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2/tests/mpz' Makefile:1104: recipe for target 'check-am' failed make[3]: *** [check-am] Error 2 make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2/tests/mpz' Makefile:505: recipe for target 'check-recursive' failed make[2]: *** [check-recursive] Error 1 make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2/tests' Makefile:925: recipe for target 'check-recursive' failed make[1]: *** [check-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2' Makefile:1183: recipe for target 'check' failed make: *** [check] Error 2
相关错误只有这里：
https://gmplib.org/list-archives/gmp-bugs/2013-November/003225.html
找到了,鉴于还是安装上了，所以暂时不管。
- 之后全部走完该安装gcc了，在make 的时候出现了如下错误：
checking for x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc... /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/./gcc/xgcc -B/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/./gcc/ -B/usr/local/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/ -B/usr/local/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/ -isystem /usr/local/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/include -isystem /usr/local/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/sys-include checking for suffix of object files... configure: error: in `/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libgcc': configure: error: cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile See `config.log' for more details. Makefile:16229: recipe for target 'configure-stage1-target-libgcc' failed make[2]: *** [configure-stage1-target-libgcc] Error 1 make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0' Makefile:20383: recipe for target 'stage1-bubble' failed make[1]: *** [stage1-bubble] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0' Makefile:902: recipe for target 'all' failed make: *** [all] Error 2
然后我检查了日志
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-V'
gcc: fatal error: no input files
conftest.c:10:21: fatal error: isl/val.h: No such file or directory
configure:4074: checking for gcc configure:4090: found /usr/bin/gcc configure:4101: result: gcc configure:4330: checking for C compiler version configure:4339: gcc --version >&5 gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9) 5.4.0 20160609 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. configure:4350: $? = 0 configure:4339: gcc -v >&5 Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-5/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-5 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-libmpx --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9) configure:4350: $? = 0 configure:4339: gcc -V >&5 gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-V' gcc: fatal error: no input files compilation terminated. configure:4350: $? = 1 configure:4339: gcc -qversion >&5 gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-qversion' gcc: fatal error: no input files compilation terminated. configure:4350: $? = 1 configure:4370: checking for C compiler default output file name configure:4392: gcc conftest.c >&5 configure:4396: $? = 0 configure:4433: result: a.out configure:4449: checking whether the C compiler works configure:4458: ./a.out configure:4462: $? = 0 configure:4477: result: yes configure:4484: checking whether we are cross compiling configure:4486: result: no configure:4489: checking for suffix of executables configure:4496: gcc -o conftest conftest.c >&5 configure:4500: $? = 0 configure:4522: result: configure:4528: checking for suffix of object files configure:4550: gcc -c conftest.c >&5 configure:4554: $? = 0 configure:4575: result: o configure:4579: checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler configure:4598: gcc -c conftest.c >&5 configure:4598: $? = 0 configure:4607: result: yes configure:4616: checking whether gcc accepts -g configure:4636: gcc -c -g conftest.c >&5 configure:4636: $? = 0 configure:4677: result: yes configure:4694: checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89 configure:4758: gcc -c -g -O2 conftest.c >&5 configure:4758: $? = 0 configure:4771: result: none needed configure:4849: checking for g++ configure:4865: found /usr/bin/g++ configure:4876: result: g++ configure:4903: checking for C++ compiler version configure:4912: g++ --version >&5 g++ (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9) 5.4.0 20160609 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. configure:4923: $? = 0 configure:4912: g++ -v >&5 Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=g++ COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-5/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-5 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-libmpx --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9) configure:4923: $? = 0 configure:4912: g++ -V >&5 g++: error: unrecognized command line option '-V' g++: fatal error: no input files compilation terminated. configure:4923: $? = 1 configure:4912: g++ -qversion >&5 g++: error: unrecognized command line option '-qversion' g++: fatal error: no input files compilation terminated.
对于安装到一半错了，我的办法是直接删除安装文件夹，然后看看差什么，重新开始
- 首先，整了下路径：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/gmp-5.0.1/lib:/opt/mpfr-3.1.4/lib/:/opt/mpc-1.0:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
- 然后看了下
/usr/local/gcc-5.3/missing: 81: /usr/local/gcc-5.3/missing: makeinfo: not found checking for expect... no
解决方法来自：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/338317/what-is-makeinfo-and-how-do-i-get-it
之后再次生成makefile
sudo apt-get install texinfo
sudo /usr/local/gcc-5.3/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-5.3/objdir --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --disable-multilib --disable-nls --disable-bootstrap --with-gmp=/usr/local/gcc-5.3/gmp-4.3.2 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/gcc-5.3/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-mpc=/usr/local/gcc-5.3/mpc-0.8.1
然后就没了
- 再次运行
-
sudo make
再次出现了这个问题
-
checking for x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc... /usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/./gcc/xgcc -B/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/./gcc/ -B/usr/local/gcc-5.3/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/ -B/usr/local/gcc-5.3/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/ -isystem /usr/local/gcc-5.3/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/include -isystem /usr/local/gcc-5.3/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/sys-include checking for suffix of object files... configure: error: in `/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libgcc': configure: error: cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile See `config.log' for more details. Makefile:12662: recipe for target 'configure-target-libgcc' failed make[1]: *** [configure-target-libgcc] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/gcc-5.3.0' Makefile:875: recipe for target 'all' failed make: *** [all] Error 2
Round 2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/gcc-5.3/mpc-0.8.1/lib:/usr/local/gcc-5.3/gmp-4.3.2/lib:/usr/local/gcc-5.3/mpfr-2.4.2/lib/
我再次更改了我路径的说法，一般情况下，找不到东西，都是应为路径问题。
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works... yes checking whether ln -s works... yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed checking for gawk... no checking for mawk... mawk checking for libatomic support... yes checking for libcilkrts support... yes checking for libitm support... yes checking for libsanitizer support... yes checking for libvtv support... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for g++... g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc... yes checking for gnatbind... no checking for gnatmake... no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada... no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects... cmp --ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir... .libs checking for the correct version of gmp.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpfr.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpc.h... yes checking for the correct version of the gmp/mpfr/mpc libraries... yes checking for compatible ISL... no *** This configuration is not supported in the following subdirectories: target-libmpx gnattools gotools target-libada target-libgfortran target-libgo target-libffi target-libbacktrace target-zlib target-libjava target-libobjc target-liboffloadmic target-boehm-gc (Any other directories should still work fine.) checking for default BUILD_CONFIG... checking for --enable-vtable-verify... no checking for bison... no checking for byacc... no checking for yacc... no checking for bison... no checking for gm4... no checking for gnum4... no checking for m4... m4 checking for flex... no checking for lex... no checking for flex... no checking for makeinfo... makeinfo checking for expect... no checking for runtest... no checking for ar... ar checking for as... as checking for dlltool... no checking for ld... ld checking for lipo... no checking for nm... nm checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for strip... strip checking for windres... no checking for windmc... no checking for objcopy... objcopy checking for objdump... objdump checking for readelf... readelf checking for cc... cc checking for c++... c++ checking for gcc... gcc checking for gcj... no checking for gfortran... gfortran checking for gccgo... no checking for ar... no checking for ar... ar checking for as... no checking for as... as checking for dlltool... no checking for dlltool... no checking for ld... no checking for ld... ld checking for lipo... no checking for lipo... no checking for nm... no checking for nm... nm checking for objcopy... no checking for objcopy... objcopy checking for objdump... no checking for objdump... objdump checking for ranlib... no checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for readelf... no checking for readelf... readelf checking for strip... no checking for strip... strip checking for windres... no checking for windres... no checking for windmc... no checking for windmc... no checking where to find the target ar... host tool checking where to find the target as... host tool checking where to find the target cc... just compiled checking where to find the target c++... just compiled checking where to find the target c++ for libstdc++... just compiled checking where to find the target dlltool... host tool checking where to find the target gcc... just compiled checking where to find the target gcj... host tool checking where to find the target gfortran... host tool checking where to find the target gccgo... host tool checking where to find the target ld... host tool checking where to find the target lipo... host tool checking where to find the target nm... host tool checking where to find the target objcopy... host tool checking where to find the target objdump... host tool checking where to find the target ranlib... host tool checking where to find the target readelf... host tool checking where to find the target strip... host tool checking where to find the target windres... host tool checking where to find the target windmc... host tool checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile
还是出现了那个问题
我决定鸽了。应该是版本问题，以前的版本比较顽固