以前一直没搞懂为什么C#在做对象序列化时(Json序列化,XML序列化等)有时候会出现循环引用的问题,下面写了个例子,类People有一个属性引用了类Child,而类Child也有一个属性引用了类People,并且两个属性的get访问器中都会new一个彼此类型的对象,这样在访问People类的Child属性的时候就会new一个Child对象,在访问Child类的People属性的时候又会new一个People对象。所以C#序列化方法在序列化People类的Child属性时又会去序列化Child属性返回的Child对象,而在序列化Child类的People属性时又会去序列化People属返回的People对象。那么C#序列化方法在检测People类和Child类的属性的时候就会不停地去构造(不停地new)且不停地序列化People对象和Child对象,形成一个死循环:People->Child->People->Child->People....,所以就会抛出循环引用的异常,注意下面XML序列化的时候只有属性声明了set访问器才会出现循环引用的异常,说明C#自带的XmlSerializer比JavaScriptSerializer要更先进一些。。。
类Child:
1 using System.Xml; 2 using System.Xml.Serialization; 3 4 namespace SE 5 { 6 [XmlRoot] 7 public class Child 8 { 9 public Child() 10 { 11 } 12 13 [XmlElement] 14 public string Name { get; set; } 15 16 [XmlElement] 17 public int Age { get; set; } 18 19 20 [XmlElement] 21 public People People 22 { 23 //注意属性声明了set访问器XmlSerializer在序列化时才会出现循环引用异常 24 /*set 25 { 26 27 }*/ 28 get 29 { 30 return new People(); 31 } 32 } 33 } 34 }
类People:
1 using System.Xml; 2 using System.Xml.Serialization; 3 4 namespace SE 5 { 6 [XmlRoot] 7 public class People 8 { 9 public People() 10 { 11 } 12 13 [XmlElement] 14 public string Name { get; set; } 15 16 [XmlElement] 17 public int Age { get; set; } 18 19 20 [XmlElement] 21 public Child Child 22 { 23 //注意属性声明了set访问器XmlSerializer在序列化时才会出现循环引用异常 24 /*set 25 { 26 27 }*/ 28 get 29 { 30 return new Child(); 31 } 32 } 33 } 34 }
序列化调用代码:
1 using System; 2 using System.Web.Script.Serialization; 3 using System.IO; 4 using System.Xml.Serialization; 5 6 namespace SE 7 { 8 class Program 9 { 10 static void Main(string[] args) 11 { 12 People P = new People() { Name = "James", Age = 15}; 13 XmlSerializer xmls = new XmlSerializer(P.GetType()); 14 string content; 15 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) 16 { 17 xmls.Serialize(ms, P);//如果People类和Child类的属性有set访问器则抛出循环引用异常 18 ms.Position = 0; 19 using (StreamReader s = new StreamReader(ms)) 20 { 21 content = s.ReadToEnd(); 22 } 23 } 24 25 Console.ReadLine(); 26 27 JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer(); 28 content=js.Serialize(P);//抛出循环引用异常 29 Console.ReadLine(); 30 } 31 } 32 }