• 7、集合--ArrayList的测试以及相关方法的源码解析


    ArrayList的测试

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
            List list = new ArrayList();
    
            list.add("1");
            list.add("2");
            list.add("3");
            list.add("a");
            list.add("a");
            list.add("b");
            System.out.println(list);
            System.out.println("长度:" + list.size());
    
            //遍历
            for (int i = 0; i < list.size();i++){
                Object obj = list.get(i);
                System.out.println("for循环遍历list:" + obj);
            }
    
            //迭代器遍历
            Iterator it = list.iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()){
                System.out.println("迭代器遍历list:" + it.next());
            }
    
            //在指定位置添加数据
            list.add(0,"news");
            System.out.println("指定0位置的数据:" + list.get(0));
    
            //替代指定位置上的元素
            list.set(0,"old");
            System.out.println("替代0位置的元素:" + list.get(0));
    
            //获取第一次出现元素a的位置
            System.out.println("元素a第一次出现的位置:" + list.indexOf("a") );
    
            //获取最后一次出现元素a的位置
            System.out.println("元素a第一次出现的位置:" + list.lastIndexOf("a"));
    
            //移除指定位置上的元素
            list.remove(0);
            System.out.println("第一个元素:" + list.get(0));
    
            //清空集合
            list.clear();
    
        }

    相关方法的解析:

    在new ArrayList之后:

    底层的实现是数组

    size用于确定此时操作的位数

      transient Object[] elementData;
      private int size;
      protected transient int modCount = 0;//用来迭代操作的数据
      private static final Object[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
      public ArrayList() {
            this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
        }

    add(E  e)方法

    在数组中进行添加是size会自增,将数据存放在数组中

    此时会返回true

    同时会执行一下相关的方法

        public boolean add(E e) {
            ensureCapacityInternal(size + 1);  // Increments modCount!!
            elementData[size++] = e;
            return true;
        }
      private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
      if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
      minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
       }
       ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
      }
      private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
      if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
          minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
      }
       ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
      }
      private void ensureExplicitCapacity(int minCapacity) {
       modCount++;
       // overflow-conscious code
       if (minCapacity - elementData.length > 0)
       grow(minCapacity);
      }
      private void grow(int minCapacity) {
       // overflow-conscious code
       int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
       int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);
       if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
       newCapacity = minCapacity;
       if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
       newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
       // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
       elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
    }

    add(int index,E e)方法 

    首先检查index是否有误

    然后执行System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + 1,size - index);进行复制数组

    将index位置空出,在进行在elementDate【index】位置上设置数据

    
    
        public void add(int index, E element) {
        rangeCheckForAdd(index);
        ensureCapacityInternal(size + 1); // Increments modCount!!
        System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + 1,
       size - index);
         elementData[index] = element;
         size++;
        }  
        private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
         if (index < 0 || index > this.size)
         throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
        }
        private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
         if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
         minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
       }
         ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
        }
        ......

    size()方法

    此时返回的是size数值

    public int size() {
            return size;
        }

    get()方法

    首先会对传入的索引值进行判断

    如果索引值小于index则会抛出异常

    否则将会返回数组指定索引的值

      public E get(int index) {
            rangeCheck(index);
            return elementData(index);
        }
      private void rangeCheck(int index) {
       if (index >= size)
       throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
      }

    iterator()方法

    会返回一个Itr对象

    Itr对象中会有hasNext()、next()方法

    此时的操作需要注意的是数据:modCount

    在之前的操作中modCount的数据处于自增状态

        public Iterator<E> iterator() {
            return new Itr();
        }
    
        private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
            int cursor;       // index of next element to return
            int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
            int expectedModCount = modCount;
    
            public boolean hasNext() {
                return cursor != size;
            }
    
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            public E next() {
                checkForComodification();
                int i = cursor;
                if (i >= size)
                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
                Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;
                if (i >= elementData.length)
                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
                cursor = i + 1;
                return (E) elementData[lastRet = i];
            }
    
            public void remove() {
                if (lastRet < 0)
                    throw new IllegalStateException();
                checkForComodification();
    
                try {
                    ArrayList.this.remove(lastRet);
                    cursor = lastRet;
                    lastRet = -1;
                    expectedModCount = modCount;
                } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
                }
            }
    
            @Override
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
                Objects.requireNonNull(consumer);
                final int size = ArrayList.this.size;
                int i = cursor;
                if (i >= size) {
                    return;
                }
                final Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;
                if (i >= elementData.length) {
                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
                }
                while (i != size && modCount == expectedModCount) {
                    consumer.accept((E) elementData[i++]);
                }
                // update once at end of iteration to reduce heap write traffic
                cursor = i;
                lastRet = i - 1;
                checkForComodification();
            }
    
            final void checkForComodification() {
                if (modCount != expectedModCount)
                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
            }
        }

    set(int index,E element)方法

    用于修改指定位置的元素值

    首先调用rangeCheck(index)来判断索引值是否越界

    将之前的值进行保存

    将需要改的值设置在指定索引的位置

    最后返回旧值(旧值可能需要)

    public E set(int index, E element) {
            rangeCheck(index);
    
            E oldValue = elementData(index);
            elementData[index] = element;
            return oldValue;
        }

      private void rangeCheck(int index) {
       if (index >= size)
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
      }

    IndexOf(Object o)方法

    首先判断其值是否为null

    如果为null在依次进行循环判断,返值为i,此时的i则是第一次出现的位置

    如果不为空在进行判断

    此时使用equals()方法和数组中的每一个值进行判断

    返回第一次相同的位置,返回此时的索引值为i

    如果都没有则返回-1

    public int indexOf(Object o) {
            if (o == null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                    if (elementData[i]==null)
                        return i;
            } else {
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                    if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
                        return i;
            }
            return -1;
        }

    lastIndexOf(Object o)方法

    此时的判断方法和IndexOf思想一致

    只是从索引的最大值向下递减来判断

    public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
            if (o == null) {
                for (int i = size-1; i >= 0; i--)
                    if (elementData[i]==null)
                        return i;
            } else {
                for (int i = size-1; i >= 0; i--)
                    if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
                        return i;
            }
            return -1;
        }

    clear()方法

    遍历数组,将索引值都置为null

    并且将size的值置为0

    public void clear() {
            modCount++;
            // clear to let GC do its work
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                elementData[i] = null;
            size = 0;
        }

    remove(int index)删除指定索引位置的元素

    首先调用rangeCheck()方法来检测index是否有越界错误

    在调用System.array()方法进行复制数组

    在让size自减并且将最后的一个值设置为null

    public E remove(int index) {
            rangeCheck(index);
    
            modCount++;
            E oldValue = elementData(index);
    
            int numMoved = size - index - 1;
            if (numMoved > 0)
                System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
                                 numMoved);
            elementData[--size] = null; // clear to let GC do its work
    
            return oldValue;
        }

      private void rangeCheck(int index) {
       if (index >= size)
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
      }

    remove(Object o)删除指定的对象

    首先将传入的对象和null进行对比

    如果未null则进行遍历在进行调用fastRemove(int index)方法

    如果传入的对象不为null

    则使用equals()方法进行判断两个对象是相同,在调用fastRemove()fangfa 

    如果以上都不满足,返回false

     public boolean remove(Object o) {
            if (o == null) {
                for (int index = 0; index < size; index++)
                    if (elementData[index] == null) {
                        fastRemove(index);
                        return true;
                    }
            } else {
                for (int index = 0; index < size; index++)
                    if (o.equals(elementData[index])) {
                        fastRemove(index);
                        return true;
                    }
            }
            return false;
        }

      private void fastRemove(int index) {
       modCount++;
       int numMoved = size - index - 1;
      if (numMoved > 0)
       System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
       numMoved);
       elementData[--size] = null; // clear to let GC do its work
    }
     
    removeAll(Collection<?> c)从集合中删除集合c中包含的元素

    此时依次调用requireNonNull()方法

    在此调用batchRemove()方法

      public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(c);
            return batchRemove(c, false);
        }

      public static <T> T requireNonNull(T obj) {
       if (obj == null)
       throw new NullPointerException();
       return obj;
      }
    
    
      private boolean batchRemove(Collection<?> c, boolean complement) {
       final Object[] elementData = this.elementData;
       int r = 0, w = 0;
       boolean modified = false;
       try {
       for (; r < size; r++)
       if (c.contains(elementData[r]) == complement)
       elementData[w++] = elementData[r];
       } finally {
       // Preserve behavioral compatibility with AbstractCollection,
       // even if c.contains() throws.
       if (r != size) {
       System.arraycopy(elementData, r,
       elementData, w,
       size - r);
       w += size - r;
       }
       if (w != size) {
      // clear to let GC do its work
       for (int i = w; i < size; i++)
       elementData[i] = null;
       modCount += size - w;
       size = w;
       modified = true;
        }
       }
       return modified;
      }
    contains(Object o)集合中是都包含元o

    会返回indexOf(Object o)方法进行返回值的设置

        public boolean contains(Object o) {
            return indexOf(o) >= 0;
        }
    
    
       public int indexOf(Object o) {
              if (o == null) {
                  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                      if (elementData[i]==null)
                          return i;
              } else {
                  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                      if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
                          return i;
              }
              return -1;
          }

     isEmpty()方法测试数组是否为空

    public boolean isEmpty() {
            return size == 0;
        }

    对于ArrayList的基本方法分析到此结束

    ...............................................

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10846853.html
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