Swap Nodes in Pairs
思路:需要构造一个头指针,指向链表。一次比较两个指针,将其翻转,临界条件是pre != null(链表长度为偶数) && pre.next != null(链表长度为奇数),然后更新头指针和pre
public ListNode swapPairs(ListNode head) {
if(head == null) return null;
ListNode newNode = new ListNode(0);
ListNode node = newNode;
node.next = head;
ListNode ptr = head;
while(ptr != null && ptr.next != null){
node.next = ptr.next;
ptr.next = ptr.next.next;
node.next.next = ptr;
node = node.next.next;
ptr = ptr.next;
}
return newNode.next;
}
Insertion Sort List
思路:构造一个头指针node,指向结果链表。每次取出head和结果链表中的节点val进行比较,知道找到应该插入的位置,插入,然后重置node和head
public ListNode insertionSortList(ListNode head) {
if(head == null) return null;
ListNode node = new ListNode(0);
while(head != null){
ListNode pre = node;
while(pre.next != null && pre.next.val <= head.val){
pre = pre.next;
}
ListNode temp = head.next;
head.next = pre.next;
pre.next = head;
head = temp;
}
return node.next;
}
Odd Even Linked List
思路:依次取出奇数位节点和偶数位节点,然后将奇数尾和偶数头连接起来
public ListNode oddEvenList(ListNode head) {
if(head == null || head.next == null) return head;
ListNode odd = head;
ListNode even = head.next;
ListNode temp = even;
while(even != null && even.next != null){
odd.next = even.next;
odd = odd.next;
even.next = odd.next;
even = even.next;
}
odd.next = temp;
return head;
}
Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II
思路:构造一个头结点指向链表,后面利用双指针判断val是否一致,若不一致则三个指针同时后移,若一直则尾指针后移直到不一致,利用头指针跳过所有重复的节点。
public ListNode deleteDuplicates(ListNode head) {
if(head == null || head.next == null) return head;
ListNode ptr = new ListNode(0);
ptr.next = head;
ListNode copy = ptr;
ListNode pre = head;
ListNode pos = head.next;
while(pos != null){
if(pos.val != pre.val){
ptr = ptr.next;
pre = pre.next;
pos = pos.next;
}
else{
while(pos != null && pos.val == pre.val){
pos = pos.next;
}
ptr.next = pos;
if(pos != null){
pre = pos;
pos = pos.next;
}
}
}
//ptr.next = null;
return copy.next;
}
Merge k Sorted Lists
思路:利用归并的思想,依次将链表的列表从中间分开,然后依次合并两个已排好序的链表
public ListNode mergeKLists(ListNode[] lists) {
int len = lists.length;
if(len == 0) return null;
return helper(lists,0,len - 1);
}
public ListNode helper(ListNode[] lists,int l,int r){
if(l < r){
int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
return merge(helper(lists,l,m),helper(lists,m + 1,r));
}
return lists[l];
}
public ListNode merge(ListNode l1,ListNode l2){
if(l1 == null) return l2;
if(l2 == null) return l1;
if(l1.val < l2.val){
l1.next = merge(l1.next,l2);
return l1;
}
else{
l2.next = merge(l1,l2.next);
return l2;
}
}
类似的:Sort List,也是归并的思想
Reverse Nodes in k-Group
思路:构造一个头指针指向链表,依次往后当长度等于k时,则翻转链表,这个过程注意需要保存要翻转链表的头结点
public ListNode reverseKGroup(ListNode head, int k) {
ListNode ptr = new ListNode(0);
ptr.next = head;
ListNode ptr1 = ptr;
ListNode curNode = head;
int cnt = 0;
while(curNode != null){
ListNode left = head;
cnt++;
if(cnt == k){
ListNode tail = curNode.next;
curNode.next = null;
ListNode leftCopy = left;
reverse(ptr1,left,curNode);
leftCopy.next = tail;
curNode = tail;
head = curNode;
ptr1 = leftCopy;
cnt = 0;
continue;
}
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return ptr.next;
}
public void reverse(ListNode ptr1,ListNode left,ListNode right){
ListNode p = null;
ListNode q = left;
while(left != right){
left = left.next;
q.next = p;
p = q;
q = left;
}
left.next = p;
ptr1.next = left;
}
141 双指针,一个快,一个慢,若过程中两指针相同则有环
19/61 双指针,相隔n
21 递归
160 得到两个链表的长度,重置长链表起点使之和短链表一致直到同时达到连接点
83/203 双指针
206 翻转指针
92 找到要翻转指针的范围,翻转
2/445 首先判断两链表长度,将长的那个作为被加数,即最终一定是加数先置为null,然后一位位相加,注意进位,然后判断是否多余的位上val都是9的情况,最后判断是否需要增加尾指针的情况;445比2多了一个翻转操作
86 构造两个头结点,分别表示不小于x的链表和小于x的链表,依次构造完以后拼接起来
常用的小模块和方法:
- 翻转链表
- 快慢指针得到链表中点
- 构造一个节点指向头结点
练习:
Palindrome Linked List:找到中点、翻转指针、依次比较
Delete Node in a Linked List:只能从要删除节点入手,则依次用后节点的val覆盖前节点的val
Reorder List:找到中点、翻转指针、依次连接
Linked List Cycle II:快慢指针找到相遇的位置,然后一个从head位置走,一个从相遇位置走,在环节点处相遇(注意没环的情况)
Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree:快慢指针找中点即头结点,递归建树
链表需注意:判头判尾是否为空、写到.next .val判断当前指针是否为空