自从上次找到NPOI之后,根据园友提供的线索以及Google,又找到了一些开源免费的类库,所以都简单体验了一遍。
主要找到以下类库:
- MyXls(http://sourceforge.net/projects/myxls/)
- Koogra(http://sourceforge.net/projects/koogra/)
- ExcelLibrary(http://code.google.com/p/excellibrary/)
- ExcelPackage(http://excelpackage.codeplex.com/)
- EPPlus(http://epplus.codeplex.com/)
- LinqToExcel(http://code.google.com/p/linqtoexcel/)
- NetOffice(http://netoffice.codeplex.com/) 需安装Office Excel
从1-6的类库均不需要安装Office,不使用Office COM组件;而NetOffice需要安装Office,它提供的是与Office COM组件差不多的功能。
注:本文仅简单演示读取与创建Excel。
准备测试代码
首先,为这些类库准备一些测试代码,用于之后的测试。
aspx主要代码如下:
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< asp:FileUpload ID = "FileUpload1" runat = "server" /> |
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< asp:Button ID = "Button1" runat = "server" Text = "上传Excel" |
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onclick = "Button1_Click" /> |
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< asp:Button ID = "Button2" runat = "server" Text = "下载Excel" |
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onclick = "Button2_Click" /> |
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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView2" runat = "server" > |
aspx.cs主要代码如下:
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private void RenderToBrowser(MemoryStream ms, string fileName) |
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if (Request.Browser.Browser == "IE" ) |
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fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName); |
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Response.AddHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;fileName=" + fileName); |
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Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray()); |
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protected void Button1_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) |
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if (FileUpload1.HasFile) |
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GridView1.DataSource = ReadByXXX(FileUpload1.FileContent); |
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protected void Button2_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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table.Columns.Add( "aa" , typeof ( string )); |
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table.Columns.Add( "bb" , typeof ( string )); |
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table.Columns.Add( "cc" , typeof ( string )); |
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for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++) |
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string a = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString(); |
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string b = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString(); |
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string c = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString(); |
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table.Rows.Add(a, b, c); |
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RenderToBrowser(CreateByXXX(table), "test.xls" ); |
MyXls
MyXls支持Office Excel 97-2003格式(Biff8格式),但目前并不支持formula即公式;网上流传的支持2007是错误的说法。
使用它还需要注意的是,它与Office PIA一样,索引号是从1开始的。
另外不得不说的是,它的构造函数、Save方法、属性中的FileName让人看的眼花瞭乱,无所适从呐-_-。
主要使用的类型都位于org.in2bits.MyXls空间下,主要测试代码如下:
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MemoryStream CreateByMyXls(DataTable table) |
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XlsDocument doc = new XlsDocument(); |
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Worksheet sheet = doc.Workbook.Worksheets.Add( "Sheet1" ); |
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int colCount = table.Columns.Count; |
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for ( int i = 1; i <= colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells.Add(1, i, table.Columns[i - 1].Caption); |
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foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows) |
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for ( int i = 1; i <= colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells.Add(k, i, row[i - 1]); |
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MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); |
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DataTable ReadByMyXls(Stream xlsStream) |
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XlsDocument doc = new XlsDocument(xlsStream); |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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Worksheet sheet = doc.Workbook.Worksheets[0]; |
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int colCount = sheet.Rows[1].CellCount; |
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int rowCount = sheet.Rows.Count; |
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for ( ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) |
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table.Columns.Add( new DataColumn(sheet.Rows[1].GetCell(j).Value.ToString())); |
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for ( ushort i = 2; i < rowCount; i++) |
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DataRow row = table.NewRow(); |
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for ( ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) |
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row[j - 1] = sheet.Rows[i].GetCell(j).Value; |
Koogra
Koogra支持Office 97-2003(Biff8)以及Office 2007以上(Xlsx)格式,但它仅提供读取功能,没有相关的创建Excel功能;另需要注意它的索引号又是从0开始的。
我在几台机器上测试不太稳定,即有的机器直接不能运行,没有深究什么问题。
操作xls格式的类型主要位于Net.SourceForge.Koogra.Excel空间,主要测试代码如下:
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public static DataTable ReadByKoogra(Stream xlsStream) |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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Workbook book = new Workbook(xlsStream); |
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Worksheet sheet = book.Sheets[0]; |
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Row headerRow = sheet.Rows[0]; |
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uint colCount = headerRow.Cells.MaxCol; |
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uint rowCount = sheet.Rows.MaxRow; |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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tempc = headerRow.Cells[j]; |
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table.Columns.Add( new DataColumn((tempc.Value ?? string .Empty).ToString())); |
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for ( ushort i = 0; i <= rowCount; i++) |
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DataRow row = table.NewRow(); |
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tempr = sheet.Rows[i]; |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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tempc = tempr.Cells[j]; |
操作XLSX格式的类型主要位于Net.SourceForge.Koogra.Excel2007空间,主要测试代码如下:
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public static DataTable ReadByKoogra(Stream xlsStream) |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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Workbook book = new Workbook(xlsStream); |
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Worksheet sheet = book.GetWorksheet(0); |
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Row headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0); |
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uint colCount = sheet.CellMap.LastCol; |
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uint rowCount = sheet.CellMap.LastRow; |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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tempc = headerRow.GetCell(j); |
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table.Columns.Add( new DataColumn((tempc.Value ?? string .Empty).ToString())); |
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for ( ushort i = 0; i <= rowCount; i++) |
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DataRow row = table.NewRow(); |
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tempr = sheet.GetRow(i); |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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tempc = tempr.GetCell(j); |
ExcelLibrary
听说这是国人开发的,目前支持97-2003(biff8)格式,未来可能会支持xlsx格式。它使用二维数组的方式来操作,这种方式比较接近Office PIA,另外,它的索引号是从0开始的。
在测试时,创建出的Excel有时内容是空的,可能存在bug。
它提供了一个DataSetHelper的工具类,用于从DataTable/DataSet和WorkBook之间的转换,但这个工具类不支持对流的操作,所以还是自己写测试代码(ExcelLibrary空间):
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MemoryStream CreateByExcelLibrary(DataTable table) |
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Workbook book = new Workbook(); |
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Worksheet sheet = new Worksheet( "Sheet123" ); |
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int colCount = table.Columns.Count; |
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for ( int i = 0; i < colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells[0, i] = new Cell(table.Columns[i].Caption); |
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foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows) |
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for ( int i = 0; i < colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells[k, i] = new Cell(row[i]); |
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book.Worksheets.Add(sheet); |
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MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); |
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DataTable ReadByExcelLibrary(Stream xlsStream) |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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Workbook book = Workbook.Load(xlsStream); |
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Worksheet sheet = book.Worksheets[0]; |
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int colCount = sheet.Cells.LastColIndex; |
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int rowCount = sheet.Cells.LastRowIndex; |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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table.Columns.Add( new DataColumn(sheet.Cells[0, j].StringValue)); |
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for ( ushort i = 1; i <= rowCount; i++) |
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DataRow row = table.NewRow(); |
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for ( ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++) |
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row[j] = sheet.Cells[i, j].Value; |
ExcelPackage与EPPlus
ExcelPackage它主要支持OOXML即Office Open XML标准,Office 2007以上XLSX格式的读写;但它不支持对流的操作,仅支持对实体文件的操作。
EPPlus全称应该是ExcelPackage Plus,即ExcelPackage的增强版,它在ExcelPackage的基础上,增强了许多功能包括对流、Linq的支持,可以说相当不错。
它的索引号是从1开始的,主要使用的类型位于OfficeOpenXml空间,具体测试代码如下:
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MemoryStream CreateByExcelLibrary(DataTable table) |
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using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage()) |
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ExcelWorksheet sheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add( "sheet111" ); |
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int colCount = table.Columns.Count; |
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for ( int i = 0; i < colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells[1, i + 1].Value = table.Columns[i].Caption; |
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foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows) |
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for ( int i = 0; i < colCount; i++) |
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sheet.Cells[k, i + 1].Value = row[i]; |
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MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); |
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DataTable ReadByExcelLibrary(Stream xlsStream) |
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DataTable table = new DataTable(); |
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using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(xlsStream)) |
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ExcelWorksheet sheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets[1]; |
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int colCount = sheet.Dimension.End.Column; |
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int rowCount = sheet.Dimension.End.Row; |
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for ( ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) |
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table.Columns.Add( new DataColumn(sheet.Cells[1, j].Value.ToString())); |
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for ( ushort i = 2; i <= rowCount; i++) |
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DataRow row = table.NewRow(); |
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for ( ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) |
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row[j - 1] = sheet.Cells[i, j].Value; |
LinqToExcel,NetOffice…
至于LinqToExcel,只能说是颗糖而已,不支持对流的操作,实在是无爱啊,不多说。
NetOffice提供与Office PIA相似的功能,又需要安装Office,实在不适合在web场景中使用,所以也不多说。
结尾
对于Excel 97-2003格式,还是用NPOI最好,API设计比较好(上面这些类库又是0又是1的索引号和二维数组实在让人好晕);而对于2007(xlsx)以上版本,可以使用EPPlus;这样基本所有的Excel格式通吃了。
当然这只是免费的方案,对于不缺大洋的,用Apose.Cell等强大的商业解决方案又是另一回事了。
另,由于各个类库容量较大,就不提供下载了,若要测试请自行下载类库复制代码~_~。