• 2017python第三天作业


    这个作业是包含了循环,函数,文件修改,列表,字典等等的知识点

    首先需要改的文件是Haproxy的配置文件

    haproxy
    global
            log 127.0.0.1 local2
            daemon
            maxconn 256
            log 127.0.0.1 local2 info
    defaults
            log global
            mode http
            timeout connect 5000ms
            timeout client 50000ms
            timeout server 50000ms
            option  dontlognull
    
    listen stats :8888
            stats enable
            stats uri       /admin
            stats auth      admin:1234
    
    frontend oldboy.org
            bind 0.0.0.0:80
            option httplog
            option httpclose
            option  forwardfor
            log global
            acl www hdr_reg(host) -i www.oldboy.org
            use_backend www.oldboy.org if www
    
    backend www.oldboy.org
            server 100.1.7.10 100.1.7.10 weight 20 maxconn 3000
    backend www.baidu.com
            server 100.1.7.11 100.1.7.11 weight 20 maxconn 3000

    这个是一个参考的代码

      1 #!/usr/bin/env python
      2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
      3 # Author: Even
      4 
      5 
      6 import os,sys
      7 
      8 
      9 def numif(number_input): # 判断输入是否为数字
     10     while not number_input.isdigit():    # 输入不是数字就进入循环
     11         number_input = input('33[31m 输入%s不是数字,请重新输入!33[0m' % number_input)    # 提示重新输入
     12     number = number_input
     13     return number
     14 
     15 
     16 def show_list(file):   # 查询显示并将文本生成程序需要的字典和列表
     17     backend_list = []
     18     backend_all_dict = {}
     19     backend_dict = {}
     20     server_list = []
     21     with open(file,'r') as f:    # 读取haproxy文件
     22         for line in f:
     23 
     24             line = line.strip()
     25             if line.startswith('backend') == True:    # 判断是否是backend开头,读取backend信息写到backend_list中
     26                 backend_name = line.split()[1]
     27                 backend_list.append(backend_name)    # 将文件中backend加到列表中
     28                 server_list = []   # 清空server_list里的记录,遇到新backend可以输入新的server_list
     29 
     30             elif line.startswith('server') == True:    # 判断是否是server开头,读取server信息写到backend_all_dict中
     31                 backend_dict['name'] = line.split()[1]    # 读取文件中server的name
     32                 backend_dict['IP'] = line.split()[2]    # 读取文件中server的IP
     33                 backend_dict['weight'] = line.split()[4]    # 读取文件中server的weight
     34                 backend_dict['maxconn'] = line.split()[6]   # 读取文件中server的maxconn
     35                 server_list.append(backend_dict.copy())    # 将backend中的信息加到server_list中,此处需要用copy
     36                 backend_all_dict[backend_name] = server_list    # 将server信息对应backend存到字典中
     37 
     38     return (backend_list,backend_all_dict)    # 返回backend和server信息
     39 
     40 
     41 def backend_show(backend_list):    # 展示backend列表内容
     42     backend_show_dict = {}
     43     print("-------------------------------------------------")
     44     print("			欢迎来到HAproxy文件配置平台")
     45     print("-------------------------------------------------")
     46     print("backend列表信息如下:")
     47     for k,v in enumerate(backend_list,1):    # 逐行读取backend信息并展示
     48         print(k, v)
     49         backend_show_dict[str(k)] = v
     50     return backend_show_dict    # 返回backend和对应编号
     51 
     52 
     53 def server_show(backend_input,backend_all_dict):    # 展示backend下server内容
     54     server_show_dict = {}
     55     server_list = backend_all_dict[backend_input]
     56     for k,v in enumerate(server_list,1):    # 编号展示server信息
     57         print(k,"name:",v['name'],"	IP:",v['IP'],"	weight:",v['weight'],"	maxconn:",v['maxconn'])
     58         server_show_dict[k] = v
     59     return server_show_dict    # 返回编号对应的server字典
     60 
     61 
     62 def action_list():    # 显示操作列表和编号,并返回操作编号
     63     print("-------------------------------------------------")
     64     print("操作清单如下:")
     65     print('''
     66     1.查询backend和server信息
     67     2.添加backend和server信息
     68     3.修改backend和server信息
     69     4.删除backend和server信息
     70     5.退出
     71     ''')
     72     print("-------------------------------------------------")
     73     action_num = numif(input("请输入需要操作的编号:(请输入数字)"))
     74     return action_num
     75 
     76 
     77 def inquiry(inquiry_input):    # 定义查询功能
     78     while True:
     79         if inquiry_input in backend_show_dict:    # 编号输入分支
     80             backend_input = backend_show_dict[inquiry_input]    # 输入编号得到backend
     81             print(backend_input, ":")
     82             server_show(backend_input, backend_all_dict)    # 调用server_show,展示backend下server
     83             break
     84 
     85         elif inquiry_input in backend_show_dict.values():    # backend名称输入分支
     86             print(inquiry_input, ":")
     87             server_show(inquiry_input, backend_all_dict)    # 调用server_show,展示backend下server
     88             break
     89 
     90         else:    # 校验异常输入
     91             inquiry_input = input("输入错误,请重新输入:")
     92 
     93 
     94 def add(add_input,file):    # 定义添加功能
     95     (backend_list, backend_all_dict) = show_list(file)
     96     while True:
     97         if add_input in backend_show_dict:    #添加原有backend下server
     98             add_dict = {}
     99             add_dict['name'] = input("请输入需增加server名称:")
    100             add_dict['IP'] = input("请输入需增加IP地址:")
    101             add_dict['weight'] = input("请输入需增加weight值:")
    102             add_dict['maxconn'] = input("请输入需增加maxcoon值:")
    103             backend_name_add = backend_list[int(add_input)-1]
    104 
    105             for dict in backend_all_dict[backend_name_add]:    # 实现IP已存在,更新weight信息和maxconn信息
    106                 if add_dict['IP'] in dict.values():
    107                     dict['weight'] = add_dict['weight']
    108                     dict['maxconn'] = add_dict['maxconn']
    109                     break
    110 
    111                 else:    # IP不存在,就将server增加到backend下
    112                     backend_all_dict[backend_name_add].append(add_dict)
    113 
    114             backup(file,backend_name_add,backend_all_dict)    # 调用backup函数,将新增内容读写到文件中
    115             print('''name:%s IP:%s weight:%s maxconn:%s已添加成功'''%(
    116             add_dict['name'],add_dict['IP'],add_dict['weight'],add_dict['maxconn']))    # 提示添加成功
    117             break
    118 
    119         else:    # 添加新backend下的server
    120             add_dict = {}
    121             add_dict['name'] = input("请输入%s下新增server名称:"%add_input)
    122             add_dict['IP'] = input("请输入%s下新增IP地址:"%add_input)
    123             add_dict['weight'] = input("请输入%s下新增weight值:"%add_input)
    124             add_dict['maxconn'] = input("请输入%s下新增maxcoon值:"%add_input)
    125             backend_name_add = add_input
    126             backend_all_dict[backend_name_add] = add_dict    # 将新增backend和对应server存到字典中
    127 
    128             file_new = "%s_new" % file    # 新建一个文件,用来新增数据
    129             with open(file, 'r') as f_read, open(file_new, 'a+') as f_write:   # 读取file文件,追加backend信息
    130                 for line in f_read:
    131                     f_write.write(line)
    132                 f_write.write("
    backend %s" % backend_name_add)    # 追加backend信息
    133                 server_line_write = '
    		server {name} {IP} weight {weight} maxconn {maxconn}
    '    # 追加server信息
    134                 f_write.write(server_line_write.format(**add_dict))    # 格式化输出
    135 
    136             os.system('mv %s %s_backup' % (file, file))    # 将file文件名改为file_backup
    137             os.system('mv %s %s' % (file_new, file))    # 将file_new文件名改为file,实现备份
    138             print("
    backend %s" % backend_name_add)
    139             print('''name:%s IP:%s weight:%s maxconn:%s已添加成功''' % (
    140             add_dict['name'], add_dict['IP'], add_dict['weight'], add_dict['maxconn']))    # 提示添加成功
    141             break
    142 
    143 
    144 def revise(revise_input):    # 定义修改功能
    145     revise_dict = {}
    146     if revise_input in backend_show_dict:    # 判断输入是否存在
    147         backend_revise = backend_show_dict[revise_input]    # 通过编号获取backend
    148         revise_choise = input("是否需要修改该backend名称:%s;确认请按'y',按任意键继续:"%backend_revise)    # 确认是否修改backend名,输入y修改,否则继续修改
    149         if revise_choise == 'y':
    150             backend_revise_new = input("请输入修改后的backend名:")    # 修改backend名
    151             backend_all_dict[backend_revise_new] = backend_all_dict.pop(backend_revise)    # 将旧backend的server对应到修改后的backend上
    152             revise_choise_server = input("是否需要继续修改%s下的server:确认请按'y',按任意键继续:"%backend_revise_new)    # 询问是否继续修改
    153             if revise_choise_server == 'y':    # 继续修改server
    154                 server_revise_dict = server_show(backend_revise_new, backend_all_dict)    # 展示server信息
    155                 server_revise_num = numif(input("请输入需要修改的server编号:"))   # 获取需要修改的server编号
    156                 revise_dict['name'] = input("请输入修改后的name:")
    157                 revise_dict['IP'] = input("请输入修改后的IP:")
    158                 revise_dict['weight'] = input("请输入修改后的weight:")
    159                 revise_dict['maxconn'] = input("请输入修改后的maxconn:")
    160                 server_revise_dict[int(server_revise_num)] = revise_dict    # 通过编号修改server信息
    161                 server_revise_dict_backup = {}
    162                 server_revise_dict_backup[backend_revise_new] = server_revise_dict.values()    # 将修改的server信息对应到修改后的backend存到字典中
    163                 backup(file, backend_revise, server_revise_dict_backup,backend_revise_new)    # 调用backup函数,操作文件
    164 
    165             else:    # 不修改server,只修改了backend
    166                 backup(file, backend_revise, backend_all_dict,backend_revise_new)
    167         else:    # 未修改backend名情况时修改server信息
    168             server_revise_dict = server_show(backend_revise, backend_all_dict)
    169             server_revise_num = numif(input("请输入需要修改的server编号:"))    # 获取需修改的server编号
    170             revise_dict['name'] = input("请输入修改后的name:")
    171             revise_dict['IP'] = input("请输入修改后的IP:")
    172             revise_dict['weight'] = input("请输入修改后的weight:")
    173             revise_dict['maxconn'] = input("请输入修改后的maxconn:")
    174             server_revise_dict[int(server_revise_num)] = revise_dict    # 修改的server信息对应到编号中存到字典中
    175             server_revise_dict_backup = {}
    176             server_revise_dict_backup[backend_revise] = server_revise_dict.values()    # 将修改后的server信息对应backend存到字典中
    177             backup(file,backend_revise,server_revise_dict_backup)    # 调用backup函数,操作文件
    178     else:    # 输入错误提示重新输入
    179         revise_input_return = input("需修改backend不存在,请重新输入:")
    180         revise(revise_input_return)
    181 
    182 
    183 def delete(delete_input):    # 定义删除功能
    184     if delete_input in backend_show_dict:
    185         backend_delete = backend_show_dict[delete_input]
    186         delete_choise = input("是否需要删除该backend:%s;确认请按'y',按任意键继续:"%backend_delete)
    187         if delete_choise == 'y':    # 判断是否删除backend信息
    188             del backend_all_dict[backend_delete]    # 在backend与server总字典中删除backend
    189             backup(file, backend_delete, backend_all_dict)    # 调用backup函数,操作文件
    190 
    191         else:    # 删除server
    192             server_delete_dict = server_show(backend_delete, backend_all_dict)
    193             server_delete_num = int(numif(input("请输入需要删除的server编号:")))    # 除判断是否时数字外,还需转换为整数型
    194             while True:    # 删除backend下的server循环
    195                 if server_delete_num in server_delete_dict:    # 判断输入编号是否存在
    196                     server_delete_dict.pop(server_delete_num)
    197                     server_delete_dict_backup = {}
    198                     server_delete_dict_backup[backend_delete] = server_delete_dict.values()
    199                     backup(file, backend_delete, server_delete_dict_backup)    # 调用backup函数,操作文件
    200                     break
    201                 else:
    202                     server_delete_num = input("输入编号不存在,请重新输入:")    # 提示输入错误
    203 
    204 
    205 def backup(file,backend_name_action,backend_backup_dict,*backend_name_revise):    # 定义文档备份与回写功能
    206     file_new = "%s_new"%file
    207     add_flag = False    # 为跳过原backend下server存在
    208     with open(file,'r') as f_read , open(file_new,'w+') as f_write:    # 同时打开读文件和写文件
    209         for line in f_read:    # 读取每行信息
    210             backend_name = "backend %s" % backend_name_action
    211             backend_name_revise = "".join(tuple(backend_name_revise))    # 修改功能会传参,将元组转换为字符串
    212             if line.strip() == backend_name:    # 读取某行中有参数中的backend
    213                 if backend_name_action not in backend_backup_dict and backend_name_revise not in backend_backup_dict:  # 为了删除backend而存在
    214                     add_flag = True
    215                     pass
    216 
    217                 elif backend_name_revise in backend_backup_dict:    # 判断修改功能中修改后backend存在与字典中
    218                     line_revise = "backend %s
    " % backend_name_revise
    219                     f_write.write(line_revise)
    220                     for add_dict in backend_backup_dict[backend_name_revise]:    # 逐行读取修改backend下的server信息
    221                         server_line_write = '		server {name} {IP} weight {weight} maxconn {maxconn}
    '
    222                         f_write.write(server_line_write.format(**add_dict))    # 格式化输出
    223                     add_flag = True
    224 
    225                 else:
    226                     f_write.write(line)    # 将此行写在文件中
    227                     for add_dict in backend_backup_dict[backend_name_action]:    # 读取该backend下所有server信息
    228                         server_line_write = '		server {name} {IP} weight {weight} maxconn {maxconn}
    '
    229                         f_write.write(server_line_write.format(**add_dict))
    230                     add_flag = True
    231 
    232             elif line.strip().startswith("server") == True and add_flag == True:  # 为了跳过原backend下的server
    233                 pass
    234 
    235             else:    # 写无用行
    236                 f_write.write(line)
    237                 add_flag = False    # 写下无用行后可以继续循环
    238 
    239     os.system('mv %s %s_backup' % (file, file))
    240     os.system('mv %s %s' % (file_new, file))
    241 
    242 
    243 def backend_exit():    #定义退出功能
    244     flag_exit = True
    245     b_input = input("操作完毕退出请按'b':")
    246     while flag_exit:
    247         if b_input == 'b':
    248             flag_exit = False
    249             return flag_exit
    250 
    251         else:
    252             return backend_exit()   #使用尾递归优化,加上return帮助直接退出,而不需要递归一层层退出
    253 
    254 
    255 flag = True    # 主函数开始
    256 while flag:
    257     flag_main = True
    258     flag_action = True
    259     file = 'haproxy'    # 文件名赋值
    260     (backend_list, backend_all_dict) = show_list(file)    # 调用show_list函数获取backend和server信息
    261     backend_show_dict = backend_show(backend_list)    # 展示backend信息
    262     action_num = action_list()    # 展示功能项,并输入操作编号
    263     while flag_main:
    264         if action_num == '1':
    265             inquiry(input("请输入需要查询的backend编号或名称:"))
    266             flag_main = backend_exit()
    267             break
    268 
    269         if action_num == '2':
    270             add(input("请输入需要添加的现有backend编号或新backend名称:"), file)
    271             flag_main = backend_exit()
    272             break
    273 
    274         if action_num == '3':
    275             revise(input("请输入需要修改的backend编号或名称:"))
    276             flag_main = backend_exit()
    277             break
    278 
    279         if action_num == '4':
    280             delete(input("请输入需要删除的backend编号或名称:"))
    281             flag_main = backend_exit()
    282             break
    283 
    284         if action_num == '5':
    285             sys.exit()
    286 
    287         elif action_num not in range(5):    # 当输入不在编号中,提示并重新输入
    288             print("33[31;1m输入错误请重新输入!33[0m")
    289             flag_main = False
    参考代码

    主要的思想是先办法把需要拿到的数据变成字典或者列表,让后通过增删改查的方式把列表或者字典改成需要的样子,然后再按照格式把字典或者列表写入到另外一个文件中。

    然后再把新的文件替换掉现有的文件就可以完成任务了

    中间要主要函数的实用,尽量把过程分开化,合理的定义每个功能的函数再调用。(这个是重点)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Howardandlili/p/6791770.html
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