Iterator、for..of,for...in和自定义遍历器
- Iterator:
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
var ite = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
//依次打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
Object {value: 2, done: false};
Object {value: 3, done: false};
Object {value: 4, done: false};
Object {value: 5, done: false};
Object {value: undefined, done: true}.
注释:1.Iterator就是一个指针;
2.指针默认在-1的位置;
3.没有遍历完的时候done的值是false,遍历完了就是true;
4.意义:提高具有遍历接口数据的效率;
5.特点:它用来访问具有遍历接口数据,有一个next方法(指针).
- for..of,for...in:
普通数组遍历:
let arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
for(let item of arr){
console.log(item);
}
//输出:1 2 3 4 5。
迭代器遍历:
let iterator = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
let result = iterator.next();
while(!result.done){
console.log(result.value);
result=iterator.next();
}
//输出 1 2 3 4 5。
数组 Set Map
var s = new Set([1,2,3]);
console.log(s);//打印:Set(3) {1, 2, 3};
var itera = s[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log(itera.next());//打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
var m = new Map([["age",21],["sex","男"]]);
m.set("name","曹伟");
console.log(m);//打印:Map(3) {"age" => 21, "sex" => "男", "name" => "曹伟"};
var i = m[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log(i.next());//打印:Object {value: Array(2), done: false};
let obj = {x:1,y:2,z:3};
let arr = ['a','b','c'];
for(let key in obj){
console.log(key);//打印:x y z;
console.log(obj[key]);//打印:x 1 y 1 z 1;
}
for(let key in arr){
console.log(key);//打印:x y z;
console.log(arr[key]);//打印:x 1 y 1 z 1;
}
注释:1.遍历对象用forin,遍历数组,Map,Set,类数组用for of。
2.for in可以遍历对象,也可以遍历数组.
- 自定义遍历器:
var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
function Iterator(arr){
let i = -1; //遍历器默认指在-1的位置;
function next(){ //返回一个方法;
i++; //当next的时候,i向后移;
let value; //声明一个空的变量;
let done = flase; //done的默认值是没有遍历完成;
if(i == arr.length){ //如果i等于数组的长度的时候,i就溢出了,所以value的值是undefined,done的值是true;
value = undefined;
done = true;
}else{ //否则value的值就等于数组中的值;
value=arr[i];
}
return {value:value,done:done}; //返回两个值,一个值是value,另一个值是done;
}
return {next:next}; //返回next方法;
}
var ite = arr[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
console.log(ite.next());
依次打印:Object {value: 1, done: false};
Object {value: 2, done: false};
Object {value: 3, done: false};
Object {value: 4, done: false};
Object {value: 5, done: false};
Object {value: undefined, done: true}.