如何实现Non-Member function的虚化?
其实,非成员函数是不可能被虚化的,<<more effective C++>>里面给出了一个技巧,实际上,也就是在类结构中留好接口,在非成员函数中调用这个接口。
//Non-Member function "virtualized"
class NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const=0;
};
class TextBlock:public NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const{
ostream<<"TextBlock";
return ostream;
}
};
class Graphic:public NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const{
ostream<<"Graphic";
return ostream;
}
};
ostream& operator <<(ostream& ostream,const NLCompopent& c){
return c.print(ostream);
}
int main(){
NLCompopent* p=new Graphic;
cout<<*p;
}
class NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const=0;
};
class TextBlock:public NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const{
ostream<<"TextBlock";
return ostream;
}
};
class Graphic:public NLCompopent{
public:
virtual ostream& print(ostream& ostream)const{
ostream<<"Graphic";
return ostream;
}
};
ostream& operator <<(ostream& ostream,const NLCompopent& c){
return c.print(ostream);
}
int main(){
NLCompopent* p=new Graphic;
cout<<*p;
}
如果,只想对operator<<开这个接口,可以把operater<<函数声明为类成的友元函数,把print的public属性改为private,这些就可以保证一定的封装性。