一、焦距的计算方法
二、光学放大倍率的计算方法
三、视场的计算方法
四、视野表
光学放大倍率 |
2/3" |
显示器 |
1/2" |
显示器 |
1/3" |
显示器 |
|||
9" |
14" |
9" |
14" |
9" |
14" |
||||
x0.1 |
66x88x110 |
2.1 |
3.2 |
48x64x80 |
2.9 |
4.5 |
36x48x60 |
3.8 |
5.9 |
x0.14 |
47x63x79 |
2.9 |
4.5 |
34x46x57 |
4.0 |
6.2 |
26x34x43 |
5.3 |
8.3 |
x0.16 |
41x55x69 |
3.4 |
5.2 |
30x40x50 |
4.6 |
7.1 |
23x30x38 |
6.1 |
9.5 |
x0.18 |
37x49x61 |
3.8 |
5.8 |
27x36x44 |
5.1 |
8.0 |
20x27x33 |
6.9 |
10.7 |
x0.2 |
33x44x55 |
4.2 |
6.5 |
24x32x40 |
5.7 |
8.9 |
18x24x30 |
7.6 |
11.9 |
x0.3 |
22x29x37 |
6.3 |
9.7 |
16x21x27 |
8.6 |
13.4 |
12x16x20 |
11.4 |
17.8 |
x0.4 |
17x22x28 |
8.4 |
12.9 |
12x16x20 |
11.4 |
17.8 |
9x12x15 |
15.2 |
23.7 |
x0.5 |
13x18x22 |
10.5 |
16.2 |
9.6x12.8x16 |
14.3 |
22.3 |
7.2x9.6x12 |
19.1 |
29.7 |
x0.6 |
11x15x18 |
12.6 |
19.4 |
8.0x10.7x13 |
17.2 |
26.7 |
6x8x10 |
22.9 |
35.6 |
x0.7 |
9x13x16 |
14.7 |
22.6 |
6.9x9.1x11 |
20.0 |
31.2 |
5.1x6.9x8.6 |
26.7 |
41.5 |
x0.75 |
9x12x15 |
15.8 |
24.2 |
6.4x8.5x11 |
21.5 |
33.4 |
4.8x6.4x8.0 |
28.6 |
44.5 |
x0.8 |
8x11x14 |
16.8 |
25.8 |
6.0x8.0x10 |
22.9 |
35.6 |
4.5x6.0x7.5 |
30.5 |
47.4 |
x0.9 |
7.3x9.8x12.2 |
18.9 |
29.1 |
5.3x7.1x8.9 |
25.7 |
40.1 |
4.0x5.3x6.7 |
34.3 |
53.4 |
x1 |
6.6x8.8x11.0 |
21.0 |
32.3 |
4.8x6.4x8.0 |
28.6 |
44.5 |
3.6x4.8x6.0 |
38.1 |
59.3 |
x1.5 |
4.4x5.9x7.3 |
31.5 |
48.5 |
3.2x4.3x5.3 |
42.9 |
66.8 |
2.4x3.2x4.0 |
57.2 |
89.0 |
x2 |
3.3x4.4x5.5 |
42.0 |
64.6 |
2.4x3.2x4.0 |
57.2 |
89.0 |
1.8x2.4x3.0 |
76.2 |
119 |
x2.5 |
2.6x3.5x4.4 |
52.5 |
80.8 |
1.9x2.6x3.2 |
71.5 |
111 |
1.4x1.9x2.4 |
95.3 |
148 |
x3 |
2.2x2.9x3.7 |
63.0 |
96.9 |
1.6x2.1x2.7 |
85.8 |
134 |
1.2x1.6x2.0 |
114 |
178 |
x3.5 |
1.9x2.5x3.1 |
73.5 |
113 |
1.4x1.8x2.3 |
100 |
156 |
1.0x1.4x1.7 |
133 |
208 |
x4 |
1.7x2.2x2.8 |
84.0 |
129 |
1.2x1.6x2.0 |
114 |
178 |
0.9x1.2x1.5 |
152 |
237 |
x4.5 |
1.5x2.0x2.4 |
94.5 |
145 |
1.1x1.4x1.8 |
129 |
200 |
0.8x1.1x1.3 |
171 |
267 |
x5 |
1.3x1.8x2.2 |
105 |
162 |
1.0x1.3x1.6 |
143 |
223 |
0.7x1.0x1.2 |
191 |
297 |
x6 |
1.1x1.5x1.8 |
126 |
194 |
0.8x1.1x1.3 |
172 |
267 |
0.6x0.8x1.0 |
229 |
356 |
x7 |
0.94x1.26x1.57 |
147 |
226 |
0.69x0.91x1.14 |
200 |
312 |
0.51x0.69x0.86 |
267 |
415 |
x8 |
0.83x1.10x1.38 |
168 |
258 |
0.60x0.80x1.00 |
229 |
356 |
0.45x0.60x0.75 |
305 |
474 |
x9 |
0.73x0.98x1.22 |
189 |
291 |
0.53x0.71x0.89 |
257 |
401 |
0.40x0.53x0.67 |
343 |
534 |
x10 |
0.66x0.88x1.10 |
210 |
323 |
0.48x0.64x0.80 |
286 |
445 |
0.36x0.48x0.60 |
381 |
593 |
x11 |
0.60x0.80x1.00 |
231 |
355 |
0.44x0.58x0.73 |
315 |
490 |
0.33x0.44x0.55 |
419 |
652 |
x12 |
0.55x0.73x0.92 |
252 |
388 |
0.40x0.53x0.67 |
343 |
534 |
0.30x0.40x0.50 |
457 |
712 |
五、机器视觉中工业镜头的计算方式
1、WD 物距 工作距离(Work Distance,WD)。 |
六、相机和镜头选择技巧
1、相机的主要参数:
感光面积SS(Sensor Size)
2、镜头的主要参数:
焦距FL(Focal Length)
最小物距Dmin(minimum Focal Distance)
3、其他参数:
视野FOV(Field of View)
像素pixel
FOVmin=SS(Dmin/FL)
如:SS=6.4mm,Dmin=8in,FL=12mm pixel=640*480
则:FOVmin=6.4(8/12)=4.23mm 4.23/640=0.007mm
如果精度要求为0.01mm,1pixels=0.007mm<0.01mm
结论:可以达到设想的精度
七、工业相机传感器尺寸大小:
1/4″:(3.2mm×2.4mm); 1/3″:(4.8mm×3.6mm);
1/2″:(6.4mm×4.8mm); 2/3″:(8.8mm×6.6mm);
1″:(12.8mm×9.6mm);
八、光学放大率
放大率 | 光学放大率 |
影像大小相对于物体的放大率 |
电子放大率 |
电子放大率是用相机拍照成像在CCD上的像呈现在显示器的放大倍数 |
|
显示器放大率 |
显示器放大率是被拍物体通过镜头成像显示在显示器上的放大倍数 |
|
视场 |
视场是镜头与CCD相机连接时物体可被看见的范围大小 |