• [转]nginx下的url rewrite


    转:http://zhengdl126.iteye.com/blog/698206

    if (!-e $request_filename)
    {
    rewrite "^/index.html"    /index.php last;
    rewrite "^/category$"      /index.php last;
     
    rewrite "^/feed-c([0-9]+).xml$"       /feed.php?cat=$1 last;
    rewrite "^/feed-b([0-9]+).xml$"       /feed.php?brand=$1 last;
    rewrite "^/feed.xml$"                 /feed.php last;
     
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$"  /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5&page=$6&sort=$7&order=$8 last;
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-attr([^-]*)(.*).html$" /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5 last;
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$" /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$" /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3  last;
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)-b([0-9]+)(.*).html$" /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2  last;
    rewrite "^/category-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"    /category.php?id=$1  last;
     
    rewrite "^/goods-([0-9]+)(.*).html"  /goods.php?id=$1 last;
     
    rewrite "^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$"  /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4  last;
    rewrite "^/article_cat-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                   /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2  last;
    rewrite "^/article_cat-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                            /article_cat.php?id=$1   last;
     
    rewrite "^/article-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                         /article.php?id=$1  last;
     
    rewrite "^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+).html"   /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;
    rewrite "^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html"                /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3 last;
    rewrite "^/brand-([0-9]+)-c([0-9]+)(.*).html"                         /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2 last;
    rewrite "^/brand-([0-9]+)(.*).html"                                   /brand.php?id=$1 last;
     
    rewrite "^/tag-(.*).html"                                             /search.php?keywords=$1 last;
    rewrite "^/snatch-([0-9]+).html$"                                     /snatch.php?id=$1 last;
    rewrite "^/group_buy-([0-9]+).html$"                                  /group_buy.php?act=view&id=$1 last;
    rewrite "^/auction-([0-9]+).html$"                                    /auction.php?act=view&id=$1 last;
     
    rewrite "^/exchange-id([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                             /exchange.php?id=$1&act=view last;
    rewrite "^/exchange-([0-9]+)-min([0-9]+)-max([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$" /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&integral_min=$2&integral_max=$3&page=$4&sort=$5&order=$6 last;
    rewrite ^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-(.+)-([a-zA-Z]+)(.*).html$"   /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;
    rewrite "^/exchange-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                   /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2 last;
    rewrite "^/exchange-([0-9]+)(.*).html$"                            /exchange.php?cat_id=$1 last;
    }









    -----------------------





    Nginx实例代码:
    server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.ccvita.com ccvita.com;

    location / {
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /www/www.ccvita.com;
    rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[w-]+.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;
    rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;
    rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last;
    rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;
    rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;
    rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+).html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

    }

    location ~ .php$ {
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8694;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/www.ccvita.com$fastcgi_script_name;
    }

    location /www.ccvita.com-status {
    stub_status on;
    access_log off;
    }
    }


    经过网上查阅和测试,发现Nginx的Rewrite规则和Apache的Rewite规则差别不是很大,几乎可以直接使用。比如在Apache中这样写规则
    rewrite ^/([0-9]{5}).html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1 last;
    而在Nginx中写成这样写是无法启动的,解决的办法是加上两个双引号:
    rewrite “^/([0-9]{5}).html$” /viewthread.php?tid=$1 last;
    同时将RewriteRule为Rewrite,基本就实现了Nginx的Rewrite规则到Apache的Rewite规则的转换。





    --------------nginx虚拟主机配置实例
    1、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件末尾加入虚拟主机配置,实例如下:

    server
    {
    listen 80;
    server_name http://www.hebaodans.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /wwwroot/www.hebaodans.com;

    location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
    {
    #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fcgi.conf;
    }

    #include rewite rule file or you can directly write here
    include rewrite.conf;

    log_format hebaodanscom ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
    ‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
    ‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;
    access_log /logs/hebaodanscom.log hebaodanscom;
    }





    2、 vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite.conf 输入以下规则:

    location / {


    if (!-e $request_filename)
    {

    #————START —————WORLDPRESS————
    rewrite ^ /index.php last;

    #————END —————WORLDPRESS————




    #————————zen-cart start——————

    # From Ultimate SEO URLs
    rewrite "^(.*)-p-(.*).html" /index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^(.*)-c-(.*).html" /index.php?main_page=index&cPath=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^(.*)-m-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=index&manufacturers_id=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^(.*)-pi-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=popup_image&pID=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^(.*)-pr-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=product_reviews&products_id=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^(.*)-pri-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=product_reviews_info&products_id=$2&% last;

    # For Open Operations Info Manager
    rewrite "^(.*)-i-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=info_manager&pages_id=$2&% last;

    # For dreamscape’s News & Articles Manager
    rewrite "^news/?" /index.php?main_page=news&% last;
    rewrite "^news/rss.xml" /index.php?main_page=news_rss&% last;
    rewrite "^news/archive/?" /index.php?main_page=news_archive&% last;
    rewrite "^news/([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2}).html" /index.php?main_page=news&date=$1-$2-$3&% last;
    rewrite "^news/archive/([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2}).html" /index.php?main_page=news_archive&date=$1-$2&% last;
    rewrite "^news/(.*)-a-([0-9]+)-comments.html" /index.php?main_page=news_comments&article_id=$2&% last;
    rewrite "^news/(.*)-a-([0-9]+).html" /index.php?main_page=news_article&article_id=$2&% last;

    # All other pages
    # Don’t rewrite real files or directories
    #RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f [NC]
    #RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    rewrite "^(.*).html" /index.php?main_page=$1&% last;
    #—————————-zen-cart end—————–

    }
    }


    保存后,运行 kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid` 平滑重启即可生效。

    nginx的rewrite格式是:rewrite regex replacement flag

    作用域:server,location,if

    其中regex是一个正则表达式,用来匹配当前的url的

    replacement 是被替换的url,如果请求url匹配regex,则nginx会将此次请求发送到replacement上
    其中flag标记有四种格式:
    last 停止处理后续rewrite指令集,然后对当前重写的新URI在rewrite指令集上重新查找。
    break 停止处理后续rewrite指令集,并不在重新查找。
    redirect 如果replacement不是以http:// 或https://开始,返回302临时重定向
    permant 返回301永久重定向

    示例:

    rewrite ^/([a-z]+)/([a-z]+)$ /index.php?r=$1/$2 last;

    这条规则其实是将所有http://host/index.php?r=xxx/yyy这样的url都重写成http://host/xxx/yyy

    如果正则表达regex式中包含 “}” 或 “;”, 那么整个表达式需要用双引号或单引号包围

    补充:

    nginx中的一些全局变量

    $args #这个变量等于请求行中的参数。
    $content_length #请求头中的Content-length字段。
    $content_type #请求头中的Content-Type字段。
    $document_root #当前请求在root指令中指定的值。
    $host #请求主机头字段,否则为服务器名称。
    $http_user_agent #客户端agent信息
    $http_cookie #客户端cookie信息
    $limit_rate #这个变量可以限制连接速率。
    $request_body_file #客户端请求主体信息的临时文件名。
    $request_method #客户端请求的动作,通常为GET或POST。
    $remote_addr #客户端的IP地址。
    $remote_port #客户端的端口。
    $remote_user #已经经过Auth Basic Module验证的用户名。
    $request_filename #当前请求的文件路径,由root或alias指令与URI请求生成。
    $query_string #与$args相同。
    $scheme #HTTP方法(如http,https)。
    $server_protocol #请求使用的协议,通常是HTTP/1.0或HTTP/1.1。
    $server_addr #服务器地址,在完成一次系统调用后可以确定这个值。
    $server_name #服务器名称。
    $server_port #请求到达服务器的端口号。
    $request_uri #包含请求参数的原始URI,不包含主机名,如:”/foo/bar.php?arg=baz”。
    $uri #不带请求参数的当前URI,$uri不包含主机名,如”/foo/bar.html”。
    $document_uri #与$uri相同

    rewrite中的if指令:

    if(condition){...}
    作用域:server,location
    if条件(conditon)可以是如下任何内容:

    一个变量名;false如果这个变量是空字符串或者以0开始的字符串;

    使用= ,!= 比较的一个变量和字符串

    是用~, ~*与正则表达式匹配的变量,如果这个正则表达式中包含},;则整个表达式需要用" 或' 包围

    使用-f ,!-f 检查一个文件是否存在

    使用-d, !-d 检查一个目录是否存在

    使用-e ,!-e 检查一个文件、目录、符号链接是否存在

    使用-x , !-x 检查一个文件是否可执行

    if (!-f $request_filename){#当请求文件不存在时跳转到index.php
       rewrite (.*) /index.php;
    }

    rewrite_log指令
    语法:rewrite_log on|off;
    默认值:rewrite_log off;
    作用域:http,server,location,if
    开启或关闭以notice级别打印rewrite处理日志到error log文件。

    set指令
    语法:set variable value;
    默认值:none
    作用域:server,location,if
    定义一个变量并赋值,值可以是文本,变量或者文本变量混合体。

    uninitialized_variable_warn指令
    语法:uninitialized_variable_warn on | off;
    默认值:uninitialized_variable_warn on
    作用域:http,server,location,if

    控制是否输出为初始化的变量到日志

    在写规则是还要注意规则的使用范围,在nginx配置文件中


            location / {
                    root   /home/data/www;
                    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
                    rewrite ^/([a-z]+)/([a-z]+)$ /index.php?r=$1/$2 last;
            }
            location /doc {#url包含doc
                    root   /usr/share;
                    autoindex on;
            }
            #error_page  404  /404.html;
            location ~ .php$ {#所有以php结尾的请求

            }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Athrun/p/3276589.html
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