使用配置文件properties进行连接数据库
首先创建一个file自定义文件名,但是后缀名必须改为.properties(不分大小写):如config.properties;
然后双击config.properties进行编辑:此文件数据是根据键值对来存储的:我们可以把连接数据库的一些连接字符串存储在此文件里;然后用的时候直接读配置文件,到时候更换的时候方便移植和修改。
name value
driver com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
con jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=Test
user sa
pwd
然后用的时候:
public class TestMain {
Connection con=null;
Properties pro=new Properties();
public TestMain() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
pro.load(TestMain.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.properties"));
//加载驱动
Class.forName(pro.getProperty("driver"));
//创建连接
con=DriverManager.getConnection(pro.getProperty("con"),pro.getProperty("user"),pro.getProperty("pwd"));
}
//测试上传图片
@Test
public void setImg() throws SQLException, FileNotFoundException{
String sql="INSERT INTO [Test].[dbo].[User]([name],[age],[image])VALUES(?,?,?)";
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setObject(1,"测试name");
ps.setObject(2,22);
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(new File("D:\img\Picture1.jpg"));//从D盘Img读取
ps.setBinaryStream(3,fis);
int num=ps.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("num为:"+num);
}
//取图片并写入到硬盘文件夹
@Test
public void getIma() throws SQLException, IOException{
Statement state=con.createStatement();
String sql="select [image] from [User] where id=6";
ResultSet rs=state.executeQuery(sql);
rs.next();
InputStream input=rs.getBinaryStream(1);
OutputStream out=new FileOutputStream("D:\15.jpg");//写入到D盘
byte[] bte=new byte[1024];
int length=0;
while((length=input.read(bte))>0){
out.write(bte,0,length);
}
input.close();
out.close();
}
//批处理:测试时,使用批处理比使用循环.executeUpdate()节省大概一半时间
@Test
public void useBatch() throws SQLException{
String sql="INSERT INTO [Test].[dbo].[User]([name],[age])VALUES(?,?)";
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement(sql);
long noe=System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int j = 0; j < 10000; j++) {
ps.setObject(1,"sp"+j);
ps.setObject(2,j);
//ps.executeUpdate();原时间为5875毫秒
ps.addBatch();
}
ps.executeBatch();
System.out.println("增加10000次的时间为:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-noe));
}
//时间戳
@Test
public void testDate() throws SQLException{
String sql="INSERT INTO [Test].[dbo].[User]([name],[age],[startTime],[endTime])VALUES(?,?,?,?)";
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1,"测试名");
ps.setInt(2,20);
ps.setTimestamp(3,new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
ps.setDate(4,new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));//这个Date是.sql包下的,不是.util包下的,莫导错包了!
int zong=ps.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("时间戳"+zong);
}
//测试回滚不提交
@Test
public void testTransaction() throws SQLException{
con.setAutoCommit(false);//设置默认不自动提交
try {
String sql="update [User] set money=money-100 where id=5";
Statement state=con.createStatement();
state.executeUpdate(sql);
//int a=10/0;
sql="update [User] set money=money+100 where id=1";
state.executeUpdate(sql);
con.commit();//提交事务
} catch (Exception e) {
con.rollback();
}
//用jdbc同样可以实现事物回滚!如果没有设置默认不自动提交,那么执行到int a=10/0;就不向下执行了,转账会出现扣钱,没加钱的错误!
}
}
还有,这里在执行读取操作的时候,用到了 rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();和rs.getMetaData().getColumnName()很有用;
private List<Map<String,Object>> setMap() throws SQLException{
List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
Statement state=con.createStatement();
String sql="select * from [User]";
ResultSet rs=state.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
for (int i = 1; i <=rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); i++) {
map.put(rs.getMetaData().getColumnName(i),rs.getObject(i));
}
list.add(map);
}
rs.close();
state.close();
con.close();
return list;
}
@Test
public void getMap() throws SQLException{
List<User> users=new ArrayList<User>();
List<Map<String,Object>> list=setMap();
for (Map<String, Object> map : list) {
User user=new User();
user.setAge(Integer.valueOf((map.get("age").toString())));
user.setId(Integer.valueOf((map.get("id").toString())));
user.setName(map.get("name").toString());
users.add(user);
}
for (User item : users) {
p(item.getId()+" "+item.getAge()+" "+item.getName());
}
}
@Test
public void getList() throws SQLException{
List<List> list=setList();
for (List list2 : list) {
for (Object object : list2) {
p(object);
}
}
}
private List<List> setList() throws SQLException{
Statement state=con.createStatement();
List<List> list=new ArrayList<List>();
String sql="select * from [User]";
ResultSet rs=state.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
List l=new ArrayList();
for (int i = 1; i <= rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); i++) {
l.add(rs.getObject(i));
}
list.add(l);
}
rs.close();
state.close();
con.close();
return list;
}