spring + springMVC + spring Data + jpa + maven 项目框架搭建

首先看一下项目结构：

所用到的jar(pom.xml):

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.ajie.wechat</groupId>
    <artifactId>ajie-wechat</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>ajie-wechat</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.11.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.11.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.11.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId>
            <artifactId>bonecp</artifactId>
            <version>0.8.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId>
            <artifactId>bonecp-spring</artifactId>
            <version>0.8.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId>
            <artifactId>bonecp-provider</artifactId>
            <version>0.8.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ant</groupId>
            <artifactId>ant</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
            <artifactId>avro</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId>
            <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>18.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.20.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- jackson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-jpa -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 编码和编译 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>utf8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>ajie-wechat</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

spring配置文件(applicationContext.xml):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
                    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd" 
                    default-lazy-init="true">

    <!-- 启动组件扫描，排除@Controller组件，该组件由SpringMVC配置文件扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ajie.wechat">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 属性文件位置 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    
    <!-- 数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
        <!-- 相应驱动的jdbcUrl-->
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <!-- 数据库的用户名 -->
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <!-- 数据库的密码 -->
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- JPA实体管理器工厂 -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
        <!-- 加入定制化包路径 -->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ajie.wechat.model" />

        <property name="jpaProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><!-- validate/update/create -->
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop>
                
                <!-- 建表的命名规则 -->
                <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
                
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 设置JPA实现厂商的特定属性 -->
    <bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        <property name="databasePlatform" value="${hibernate.dialect}"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- Jpa 事务配置 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 -->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ajie.wechat"  transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    
    <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" />
</beans>

springMVC配置文件(spring-mvc.xml):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation=" 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd" >
    
    <!-- 启用SpringMVC的注解功能,它会自动注册HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、ExceptionResolver的相关实例 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- SpringMVC的扫描范围 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ajie.wechat.controller" use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面，即定义无Controller的path<->view直接映射 
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/login"/>
    -->
    
    <!-- 静态文件访问 -->
    <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> -->
    
    <!-- 用于返回json格式 -->
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">    
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">    
            <list>
                <value>application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
 
     <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
         <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图解析器 --> 
    <!-- 其viewClass属性的默认值就是org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView -->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".html" />
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 总错误处理-->
<!--     <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">  
        <property name="defaultErrorView">
            <value>/base/error</value>
        </property>
        <property name="defaultStatusCode">
            <value>500</value>
        </property>
        <property name="warnLogCategory">
            <value>org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver</value>  
        </property>
    </bean> -->
    
    <!-- 静态资源加载 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/ATTACHMENT/" mapping="/ATTACHMENT/**" />
    
</beans>

连接数据库配置文件(jdbc.properties)：

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ajie?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

jdbc.username=root

jdbc.password=Jovaunn1

hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

BoneCP.idleConnectionTestPeriod=60

BoneCP.idleMaxAge=60

BoneCP.maxConnectionsPerPartition=5

BoneCP.minConnectionsPerPartition=1

BoneCP.partitionCount=3

BoneCP.acquireIncrement=2  

BoneCP.statementsCacheSize=0 
  
BoneCP.releaseHelperThreads=3

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    
     <!-- 防止发生java.beans.Introspector内存泄露,应将它配置在ContextLoaderListener的前面 -->  
    <!-- 详细描述见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/11991457 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    
     <!-- 实例化Spring容器 -->  
    <!-- 应用启动时,该监听器被执行,它会读取Spring相关配置文件,其默认会到WEB-INF中查找applicationContext.xml -->  
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <!-- 配置编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- 配置spring管理OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter-->
    <!-- OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter会让session一直到view层调用结束后才关闭
        Spring针对Hibernate的非JPA实现用的是OpenSessionInViewFilter，原理与这个大同小异
     -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter
        </filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- 用默认的servlet来处理资源 -->
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping> 
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping>     
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping> 
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.woff</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping> 
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.ttf</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping>          
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> 
        <url-pattern>*.map</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping>      
    <servlet-mapping>      
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>   
        <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>   
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>       
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>      
        <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>     
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>       
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>      
        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>     
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

下面是程序测试代码(接口使用RESTful风格)：

1.model实体 User.java

package com.ajie.wechat.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7419229779731522702L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "userId")
    private Long id;
    
    @Column(length = 50)
    private String account;
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getAccount() {
        return account;
    }

    public void setAccount(String account) {
        this.account = account;
    }
    public static long getSerialversionuid() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }
}

2.Dao

package com.ajie.wechat.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.ajie.wechat.model.User;

public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
    
}

3.Service

package com.ajie.wechat.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.ajie.wechat.dao.UserDao;
import com.ajie.wechat.model.User;

@Service
@Transactional
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    
    public String add(User user){
        userDao.save(user);
        return "添加成功！";
    }
    
    public String addUser(String account){
        User user = new User();
        user.setAccount(account);
        userDao.save(user);
        return "添加成功！";
    }
    
    public User getOneUser(Long id){
        return userDao.findOne(id);
    }
}

4.controller层使用@RestController(等同于@Controller + @ResponseBody)

package com.ajie.wechat.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.ajie.wechat.model.User;
import com.ajie.wechat.service.UserService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/frame")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUser",
            method = RequestMethod.POST,
            produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8")
    public String saveUser(@RequestBody User user){
        return userService.add(user);
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUser/{account}",
            method = RequestMethod.GET,
            produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8")
    public String add(@PathVariable String account){
        return userService.addUser(account);
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user/{id}",
            method = RequestMethod.GET,
            produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8")
    public User add(@PathVariable Long id){
        return userService.getOneUser(id);
    }
}

一些需要注意的地方:

spring的配置: