Problem Description
Trees are fundamental in many branches of computer science. Current state-of-the art parallel computers such as Thinking Machines' CM-5 are based on fat trees. Quad- and octal-trees are fundamental to many algorithms in computer graphics.
This problem involves building and traversing binary trees.
Given a sequence of binary trees, you are to write a program that prints a level-order traversal of each tree. In this problem each node of a binary tree contains a positive integer and all binary trees have have fewer than 256 nodes.
In a level-order traversal of a tree, the data in all nodes at a given level are printed in left-to-right order and all nodes at level k are printed before all nodes at level k+1.
For example, a level order traversal of the tree
is: 5, 4, 8, 11, 13, 4, 7, 2, 1.
In this problem a binary tree is specified by a sequence of pairs (n,s) where n is the value at the node whose path from the root is given by the string s. A path is given be a sequence of L's and R's where L indicates a left branch and R indicates a right branch. In the tree diagrammed above, the node containing 13 is specified by (13,RL), and the node containing 2 is specified by (2,LLR). The root node is specified by (5,) where the empty string indicates the path from the root to itself. A binary tree is considered to be completely specified if every node on all root-to-node paths in the tree is given a value exactly once.
This problem involves building and traversing binary trees.
Given a sequence of binary trees, you are to write a program that prints a level-order traversal of each tree. In this problem each node of a binary tree contains a positive integer and all binary trees have have fewer than 256 nodes.
In a level-order traversal of a tree, the data in all nodes at a given level are printed in left-to-right order and all nodes at level k are printed before all nodes at level k+1.
For example, a level order traversal of the tree
is: 5, 4, 8, 11, 13, 4, 7, 2, 1.
In this problem a binary tree is specified by a sequence of pairs (n,s) where n is the value at the node whose path from the root is given by the string s. A path is given be a sequence of L's and R's where L indicates a left branch and R indicates a right branch. In the tree diagrammed above, the node containing 13 is specified by (13,RL), and the node containing 2 is specified by (2,LLR). The root node is specified by (5,) where the empty string indicates the path from the root to itself. A binary tree is considered to be completely specified if every node on all root-to-node paths in the tree is given a value exactly once.
Input
The input is a sequence of binary trees specified as described above. Each tree in a sequence consists of several pairs (n,s) as described above separated by whitespace. The last entry in each tree is (). No whitespace appears between left and right parentheses.
All nodes contain a positive integer. Every tree in the input will consist of at least one node and no more than 256 nodes. Input is terminated by end-of-file.
All nodes contain a positive integer. Every tree in the input will consist of at least one node and no more than 256 nodes. Input is terminated by end-of-file.
Output
For each completely specified binary tree in the input file, the level order traversal of that tree should be printed. If a tree is not completely specified, i.e., some node in the tree is NOT given a value or a node is given a value more than once, then the string ``not complete'' should be printed
Sample Input
(11,LL) (7,LLL) (8,R)
(5,) (4,L)
(13,RL) (2,LLR) (1,RRR) (4,RR) ()
(3,L) (4,R) ()
Sample Output
5 4 8 11 13 4 7 2 1
not complete
难点：
（1）在于输入如何读入。
（2）没了。
简单思路。
在输入的同时把二叉树建好，还没输入的节点用一个haveVal标记一下，全部读取完毕之后用广搜输出层次遍历。
比较坑的地方在于可能会对同个节点赋两次值，这样这棵树就不唯一了，输出not complete
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<cstring> 3 #include<queue> 4 #include<stdio.h> 5 #include<string> 6 using namespace std; 7 #define maxn 300 8 9 struct node { 10 int val; 11 bool haveVal; 12 int l,r; 13 } tree[300]; 14 int root,len; 15 bool ok; 16 17 bool read_input() { 18 string s; 19 ok = true; 20 root = 0,len=1,tree[0].l=-1,tree[0].r=-1,tree[0].haveVal=false; 21 for (;;) { 22 if (!(cin>>s))return false;//EOF 23 if (s=="()")return true; 24 int v,now=root; 25 sscanf_s(&s[1], "%d", &v); 26 //添加节点 27 int i=s.find(',')+1; 28 while (s[i] != ')') { 29 if (s[i] == 'L') { 30 if (tree[now].l == -1) { 31 tree[now].l = len++; 32 tree[tree[now].l].l=-1,tree[tree[now].l].r=-1,tree[tree[now].l].haveVal=false; 33 } 34 now = tree[now].l; 35 } 36 else{ 37 if (tree[now].r == -1){ 38 tree[now].r = len++; 39 tree[tree[now].r].l=-1,tree[tree[now].r].r=-1,tree[tree[now].r].haveVal=false; 40 } 41 now = tree[now].r; 42 } 43 i++; 44 } 45 if (tree[now].haveVal) { 46 ok = false; 47 } 48 tree[now].val = v; 49 tree[now].haveVal = true; 50 } 51 } 52 int main() { 53 while (read_input()) { 54 if (!ok) { 55 cout << "not complete" << endl; 56 continue; 57 } 58 string s=""; 59 queue<int> q; 60 q.push(root); 61 int now; 62 while (q.size()) { 63 now = q.front(); q.pop(); 64 if (!tree[now].haveVal) { 65 s= "not complete"; 66 break; 67 } 68 else { 69 if (s == "") 70 s += to_string(tree[now].val); 71 else 72 s += " "+to_string(tree[now].val); 73 } 74 if(tree[now].l!=-1)q.push(tree[now].l); 75 if(tree[now].r!=-1)q.push(tree[now].r); 76 } 77 cout << s << endl; 78 } 79 return 0; 80 }