Spring管理 hibernate 事务配置的五种方式

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论是那种配置方法，一般变化的只是代理机制这块！

首先我创建了两个类，一个接口一个实现：

package com.dao;    
public interface UserDao {    
    public void getUser();      
}

实现：

package com.dao.impl;    
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;    
import com.dao.UserDao;    
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {    
    public void getUser(){          
    }       
}

第一种：每个Bean都有一个代理：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">    
    <!-- 数据源 -->    
    <bean id="dataSource"    
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"    
        destroy-method="close">    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />    
        <property name="url"    
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />    
        <property name="username" value="root" />    
        <property name="password" value="root" />    
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->    
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />    
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->    
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />    
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->    
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />    
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->    
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />    
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->    
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    
        <property name="mappingLocations">    
            <list>    
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">    
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect    
                </prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>        
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->      
    <bean id="transactionManager"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>        
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->    
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>        
    <bean id="userDao"      
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">      
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->      
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />         
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoAgency" />      
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.dao.UserDao" />    
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->      
        <property name="transactionAttributes">      
            <props>      
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
            </props>      
        </property>      
    </bean>    
</beans>

第二种：所有Bean共享一个代理：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">    
    <!-- 数据源 -->    
    <bean id="dataSource"    
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"    
        destroy-method="close">    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />    
        <property name="url"    
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />    
        <property name="username" value="root" />    
        <property name="password" value="root" />    
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->    
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />    
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->    
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />    
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->    
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />    
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->    
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />    
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->    
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    
        <property name="mappingLocations">    
            <list>    
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">    
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect    
                </prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>    
     <!-- 定义事务 -->    
    <bean id="base"    
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    
        lazy-init="true" abstract="true">    
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
        <property name="transactionAttributes">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->    
    <bean id="userDao"    
        class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 代理对象 -->    
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" parent="base">    
        <property name="target" ref="userDao" />    
    </bean>    
</beans>

第三种：拦截器：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">    
    <!-- 数据源 -->    
    <bean id="dataSource"    
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"    
        destroy-method="close">    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />    
        <property name="url"    
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />    
        <property name="username" value="root" />    
        <property name="password" value="root" />    
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->    
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />    
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->    
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />    
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->    
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />    
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->    
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />    
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->    
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    
        <property name="mappingLocations">    
            <list>    
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">    
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect    
                </prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>        
     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->      
    <bean id="transactionManager"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>       
     <!-- 定义事务 -->     
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"      
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">      
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->      
        <property name="transactionAttributes">      
            <props>      
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>      
            </props>      
        </property>      
    </bean>          
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">      
        <property name="beanNames">      
            <list>      
                <value>*DaoImpl</value>    
            </list>      
        </property>      
        <property name="interceptorNames">      
            <list>      
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>      
            </list>      
        </property>      
    </bean>      
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->    
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>    
</beans>

第四种：使用tx标签配置的拦截器：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">    
    <!-- 数据源 -->    
    <bean id="dataSource"    
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"    
        destroy-method="close">    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />    
        <property name="url"    
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />    
        <property name="username" value="root" />    
        <property name="password" value="root" />    
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->    
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />    
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->    
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />    
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->    
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />    
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->    
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />    
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->    
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    
        <property name="mappingLocations">    
            <list>    
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">    
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect    
                </prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
    <context:annotation-config />    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" />    
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->      
    <bean id="transactionManager"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 定义事务 -->    
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">    
        <tx:attributes>    
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />    
        </tx:attributes>    
    </tx:advice>    
    <!-- 定义切面 -->    
    <aop:config>    
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.dao.*.*(..))" />    
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />    
    </aop:config>    
</beans> 

第五种：注解：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">    
    <!-- 数据源 -->    
    <bean id="dataSource"    
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"    
        destroy-method="close">    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />    
        <property name="url"    
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />    
        <property name="username" value="root" />    
        <property name="password" value="root" />    
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->    
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />    
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->    
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />    
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->    
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />    
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->    
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />    
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->    
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    
        <property name="mappingLocations">    
            <list>    
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="hibernateProperties">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">    
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect    
                </prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
    <context:annotation-config />    
    <!-- 使用注解的包路径 -->    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" />    
    <!-- 支持  @Transactional 标记 -->    
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>    
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->      
    <bean id="transactionManager"    
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />    
    </bean>    
</beans>

如果使用了注解，那么实现类应该这样写：

package com.dao.impl;    
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;    
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;    
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;    
import com.dao.UserDao;    
@Transactional    
@Component("userDaoAgency")    
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {    
    /**   
     * 为方法增加事务处理特性   
     */    
    @Transactional(readOnly=true)    
    public void getUser(){          
    }       
}