环境：
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IDEA
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MySQL 5.7.19
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Tomcat 9
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Maven 3.6
要求：
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需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识；
数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`; USE `ssmbuild`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`; CREATE TABLE `books` ( `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id', `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名', `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量', `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述', KEY `bookID` (`bookID`) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES (1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'), (2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'), (3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
基本环境搭建
1、新建一Maven项目！ ssmbuild ， 添加web的支持
2、导入相关的pom依赖！
<dependencies> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- MyBaits --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库启动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!-- jsp,servlet,jstl--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 工具类 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
3、Maven资源过滤设置
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
4、建立基本结构和配置框架！
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com.zxh.pojo
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com.zxh.mapper
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com.zxh.service
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com.zxh.controller
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans>
注解版
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配置版过于繁琐，实际使用不会使用配置版。
Mybatis层编写
1、数据库配置文件 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456
2、IDEA关联数据库
3、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <typeAliases> <package name="com.zxh.pojo"/> </typeAliases> </configuration>
4、编写数据库对应的实体类 com.zxh.pojo.Books
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使用lombok插件！
package com.zxh.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books { private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail; }
5、编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！
package com.zxh.mapper; import com.zxh.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id); //根据name模糊查询Book List<Books> queryBookByName(String name); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
6、编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.zxh.mapper.BookMapper"> <!--增加一个Book--> <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books"> insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail}) </insert> <!--根据id删除一个Book--> <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int"> delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID} </delete> <!--更新Book--> <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books"> update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail} where bookID = #{bookID} </update> <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--> <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID} </select> <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--> <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName like CONCAT("%", #{name}, "%") </select> <!--查询全部Book--> <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books"> SELECT * from ssmbuild.books </select> </mapper>
7、编写Service层的接口和实现类
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接口：
package com.zxh.service; import com.zxh.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; //BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层 public interface BookService { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id); //根据name模糊查询Book List<Books> queryBookByName(String name); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
- 实现类：
package com.zxh.service.impl; import com.zxh.mapper.BookMapper; import com.zxh.pojo.Books; import com.zxh.service.BookService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { @Autowired private BookMapper bookMapper; public int addBook(Books book) { return bookMapper.addBook(book); } public int deleteBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id); } public int updateBook(Books books) { return bookMapper.updateBook(books); } public Books queryBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.queryBookById(id); } @Override public List<Books> queryBookByName(String name) { return bookMapper.queryBookByName(name); } public List<Books> queryAllBook() { return bookMapper.queryAllBook(); } }
OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！
Spring层
1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；
2、我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件；spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置整合mybatis --> <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <!--数据库连接池 dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接 c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面） --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.zxh.mapper"/> </bean> </beans>
3、Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zxh.service"/> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！
SpringMVC层
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--encodingFilter--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--Session过期时间--> <session-config> <session-timeout>15</session-timeout> </session-config> </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.让SpringMVC不处理静态资源：HTML . JS . CSS . 图片 ， 视频 .....--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 2.注解驱动 支持mvc注解驱动 在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系 要想使@RequestMapping注解生效 必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping 和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例 这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。 而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zxh.controller" /> </beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/> <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/> <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/> </beans>
配置文件，暂时结束！Controller 和 视图层编写
实现业务
BookController 类编写 ， 方法一：查询全部书籍
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook(); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; } }
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <style type="text/css"> a{ text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 14px; } h3{ width: 100px; height: 38px; margin: 10px 0 0 30px; line-height: 38px; text-align: center; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 5px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍页面</a> </h3> </body> </html>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> <!-- 引入Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-hefader"> <h1> <small>书籍列表 -- 显示所有书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 column"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增书籍</a> </div> <div class="col-md-8 column"> <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBookByName" method="post" style="float: right;"> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control"> <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary"> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <table class="table table-hover table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>书籍编号</th> <th>书籍名字</th> <th>书籍数量</th> <th>书籍详情</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <c:forEach items="${list}" var="book"> <tr> <td>${book.bookID}</td> <td>${book.bookName}</td> <td>${book.bookCounts}</td> <td>${book.detail}</td> <td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a> | <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}" onclick="return confirm('确定要删除吗?')">删除</a> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>增加书籍</title> <!-- 引入Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-hefader"> <h1> <small>新增书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post"> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍名称</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookName" required> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍数量</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookCounts" required> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍描述</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="detail" required> </div> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="增加"> </form> </div> </body> </html>
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("book",books );
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
bookService.updateBook(book);
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
model.addAttribute("books", books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-hefader"> <h1> <small>修改书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.bookID}"> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍名称</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" value="${book.bookName}" name="bookName" required> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍数量</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" value="${book.bookCounts}" name="bookCounts" required> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label>书籍描述</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" value="${book.detail}" name="detail" required> </div> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="修改"> </form> </div> </body> </html>
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/queryBookByName")
public String queryBookByName(String name, Model model){
List<Books> books = bookService.queryBookByName(name);
model.addAttribute("list", books);
return "allBook";
}
配置Tomcat，进行运行！
到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！
小结及展望
这个是同学们的第一个SSM整合案例，一定要烂熟于心！
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，学到这里，大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。也就是能找一个后台相关工作的底线。
或许很多人，工作就做这些事情，但是对于个人的提高来说，还远远不够！