---------ASM 的管理（共享磁盘的管理）
1、以 instance 的方式管理 ASM，启动 database 之前必须先启动 ASM instance，ASM instance 启动后，挂载 ASM 磁盘组。
---------安装 ASM 管理软件、驱动
1、查看操作系统内核版本（OS Kernel 版本）
[root@rac11 ~]# uname -a
Linux rac11 2.6.9-67.ELsmp #1 SMP Wed Nov 7 13:58:04 EST 2007 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
2、查看OS上是否安装ASM相关的软件
[root@rac01 ~]# rpm -qa |grep asm
oracleasm-2.6.9-67.EL-2.0.3-1（注意和os kernel 版本一致）
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el4
oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el4
安装ASM软件包
[root@rac22 asm]# rpm -Uvh oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el4.i386.rpm
[root@rac22 asm]# rpm -Uvh oracleasm-2.6.9-67.EL-2.0.3-1.i686.rpm
[root@rac22 asm]# rpm -Uvh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el4.i386.rpm
[root@rac22 asm]# rpm -Uvh oracleasm-2.6.9-67.ELsmp-2.0.3-1.i686.rpm
[root@rac11 ~]# service oracleasm
Usage: /etc/init.d/oracleasm {start|stop|restart|enable|disable|configure|createdisk|deletedisk|querydisk|listdisks|scandisks|status}
[root@rac22 asm]# service oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: no
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: no
[root@rac22 asm]# service oracleasm enable
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@rac22 asm]# service oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: yes
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes
[root@rac11 ~]# chkconfig oracleasm on
----------查看 ASM instance 初始化参数文件
[oracle@rac22 dbs]$ cat init+ASM2.ora | grep -v '^#'
cluster_database=true
background_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump
core_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/cdump
user_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump
instance_type=asm
large_pool_size=12M
remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive
asm_diskgroups='DATA1','FRA'
+ASM2.instance_number=2
+ASM1.instance_number=1
-----------访问 ASM instance
[oracle@rac22 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
[oracle@rac22 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jul 16 09:43:35 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string
db_unique_name string +ASM
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string +ASM2
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string +ASM
------------关闭 ASM instance 之前必须先关掉数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-15097: cannot SHUTDOWN ASM instance with connected RDBMS instance
------------关闭 Database 之后再尝试关闭 ASM instance
[root@rac11 ~]# srvctl stop database -d prod
[oracle@rac11 dbs]$ srvctl status database -d prod
Instance PROD1 is not running on node rac11
Instance PROD2 is not running on node rac22
------------关闭 ASM instance
SQL> shutdown immediate
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
-------------启动 ASM instance
SQL> startup
ASM instance started
Total System Global Area 92274688 bytes
Fixed Size 1217884 bytes
Variable Size 65890980 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
SQL> desc v$asm_diskgroup;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------------------------------------------
GROUP_NUMBER NUMBER
NAME VARCHAR2(30)
SECTOR_SIZE NUMBER
BLOCK_SIZE NUMBER
ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE NUMBER
STATE VARCHAR2(11)
TYPE VARCHAR2(6)
TOTAL_MB NUMBER
FREE_MB NUMBER
REQUIRED_MIRROR_FREE_MB NUMBER
USABLE_FILE_MB NUMBER
OFFLINE_DISKS NUMBER
UNBALANCED VARCHAR2(1)
COMPATIBILITY VARCHAR2(60)
DATABASE_COMPATIBILITY VARCHAR2(60)
-----------查看 ASM disk group
SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER,NAME,STATE,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,OFFLINE_DISKS from v$asm_diskgroup;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB OFFLINE_DISKS
------------ -------------------- ----------- ------ ---------- ---------- -------------
1 DATA1 MOUNTED EXTERN 1504 24 0
2 FRA MOUNTED EXTERN 1504 960 0