• 关于SQL递归查询在不同数据库中的实现方法


    比如表结构数据如下:

    Table:Tree

    ID Name ParentId

    1 一级  0

    2  二级  1

    3  三级  2

    4 四级  3

    SQL SERVER 2005查询方法:

    //上查
    with tmpTree
    as
    (
    	select * from Tree where Id=2
    	union all
    	select p.* from tmpTree inner join Tree p on  p.Id=tmpTree.ParentId
    )
    select * from tmpTree
    
    //下查
    with tmpTree
    as
    (
    	select * from Tree where Id=2
    	union all
    	select s.* from tmpTree inner join Tree s on  s.ParentId=tmpTree.Id
    )
    select * from tmpTree
    

    SQL SERVER 2008及以后版本,还可用如下方法:

    增加一列TID,类型设为:hierarchyid(这个是CLR类型,表示层级),且取消ParentId字段,变成如下:(表名为:Tree2)

    TId    Id    Name

    0x      1     一级
    0x58     2    二级
    0x5B40   3   三级
    0x5B5E   4   四级

    查询方法:

    SELECT *,TId.GetLevel() as [level] FROM Tree2 --获取所有层级
    
    DECLARE @ParentTree hierarchyid
    SELECT @ParentTree=TId FROM Tree2 WHERE Id=2
    SELECT *,TId.GetLevel()AS  [level] FROM Tree2 WHERE TId.IsDescendantOf(@ParentTree)=1 --获取指定的节点所有下级
    
    DECLARE @ChildTree hierarchyid
    SELECT @ChildTree=TId FROM Tree2 WHERE Id=3
    SELECT *,TId.GetLevel()AS  [level] FROM Tree2 WHERE @ChildTree.IsDescendantOf(TId)=1 --获取指定的节点所有上级
    

    可参见相关文章:http://blog.csdn.net/szstephenzhou/article/details/8277667

    ORACLE中的查询方法:

    SELECT *
    FROM Tree
    START WITH Id=2
    CONNECT BY PRIOR ID=ParentId --下查
    
    SELECT *
    FROM Tree
    START WITH Id=2
    CONNECT BY ID= PRIOR  ParentId --上查
    

    可参见相关文章:http://blog.csdn.net/super_marioli/article/details/6253639

    MYSQL 中的查询方法:

    //定义一个依据ID查询所有父ID为这个指定的ID的字符串列表,以逗号分隔
    CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `getChildLst`(rootId int,direction int) RETURNS varchar(1000) CHARSET utf8
    BEGIN
     DECLARE sTemp VARCHAR(5000);
       DECLARE sTempChd VARCHAR(1000);
       SET sTemp = '$';
       IF direction=1 THEN
    	 SET sTempChd =cast(rootId as CHAR);
       ELSEIF direction=2 THEN
    	 SELECT cast(ParentId as CHAR) into sTempChd FROM Tree WHERE Id=rootId;
       END IF;
        WHILE sTempChd is not null DO
    		SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,',',sTempChd);
    		SELECT group_concat(id) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where (direction=1 and  FIND_IN_SET(ParentId,sTempChd)>0)
    		or (direction=2 and  FIND_IN_SET(Id,sTempChd)>0);
        END WHILE;
    RETURN sTemp;
    END
    
    
    //查询方法:
    select * from tree where find_in_set(id,getChildLst(1,1));--下查
    select * from tree where find_in_set(id,getChildLst(1,2));--上查
    

    补充说明:上面这个方法在下查是没有问题,但在上查时会出现问题(详见博问:http://q.cnblogs.com/q/76375/),原因在于我的逻辑写错了,存在死循环,现已修正,新的方法如下:

    CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `getChildLst`(rootId int,direction int) RETURNS varchar(1000) CHARSET utf8
    BEGIN
     DECLARE sTemp VARCHAR(5000);
       DECLARE sTempChd VARCHAR(1000);
       SET sTemp = '$';
       SET sTempChd =cast(rootId as CHAR);
       
       IF direction=1 THEN
        WHILE sTempChd is not null DO
    		SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,',',sTempChd);
    		SELECT group_concat(id) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where FIND_IN_SET(ParentId,sTempChd)>0;
        END WHILE;
       ELSEIF direction=2 THEN
    	WHILE sTempChd is not null DO
    		SET sTemp = concat(sTemp,',',sTempChd);
    		SELECT group_concat(ParentId) INTO sTempChd FROM Tree where  FIND_IN_SET(Id,sTempChd)>0;
        END WHILE;
       END IF;
    
    RETURN sTemp;
    END
    

    这样递归查询就很方便了。

    可参见相关文章:http://blog.csdn.net/jackiehome/article/details/6803978

    说明:以上知识点均来源于网上,我这里只是做一个合计总结。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zuowj/p/4872385.html
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