http://openmaniak.com/quagga_case1.php
1. CASE PRINCIPLE
In this first case study, we will see a very simple example where the routing is done with only static routes.
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Functionalities tested: Interface settings Static routes
Telnet access |
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You must set your Linux system correctly to launch Quagga successfully. See the Quagga tutorial for assisstance. |
LINUX CONFIGURATIONSCheck that the zebra daemon is activated:
| #vim /etc/quagga/daemons |
bgpd=no
ospfd=no
ospf6d=no
ripd=no
ripngd=no
isisd=no
If you changed your daemons file, restart the quagga service:
| #vim /etc/init.d/quagga restart |
Removing all routes made by zebra.
Nothing to flush.
Loading capability module if not yet done.
Starting Quagga daemons (prio:10): zebra.
Set the Quagga A hostname in the /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf file:
| #vim /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf |
! Sample
!
! service integrated-vtysh-config
hostname Quagga_A
username root nopassword
!
Set the Quagga B hostname in the /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf file:
| #vim /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf |
! Sample
!
! service integrated-vtysh-config
hostname Quagga_B
username root nopassword
!
Don't forget to activate the ip forwarding on the Quagga A router!
It is not necessary to activate ip forwarding on the Quagga B router because it has only one network interface.
ROUTERS CONFIGURATIONS| CISCO ROUTER 2651 IOS: 12.2-23a | QUAGGA ROUTER A 0.99.6 |
| interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0 no shutdown |
interface eth0 ip address 10.1.3.1/24 link-detect |
| interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.0 no shutdown |
interface eth1 ip address 10.1.1.1/24 link-detect |
| hostname Cisco-2651 | |
| ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.3.1 ip route 10.200.1.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.4.1 ip route 10.200.1.1 255.255.255.255 10.1.3.1 |
ip route 10.1.0.0/16 10.1.3.2 ip route 10.200.1.4/32 10.1.3.2 ip route 10.200.1.1/32 10.1.1.2 |
| line vty 0 4 no login |
line vty no login |
| enable secret password | enable password password |
CISCO SWITCH L3 3750 IOS: 12.2-25.SEE2 |
QUAGGA ROUTER B 0.99.6 |
| interface vlan 1 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shutdown |
interface eth0 ip address 10.1.4.1/24 link-detect |
| interface Loopback 1 ip address 10.200.1.1 255.255.255.255 |
interface lo ip address 10.200.1.4/32 link-detect |
| hostname 3750_L3 | hostname quagga-router-b |
| ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1 | ip route 0.0.0.0/0 10.1.4.2 |
| line vty 0 4 no login |
line vty 0 4 no login |
| enable secret password |
enable password password |
| ip routing ip multicast-routing distributed |
Quagga A
Quagga B
Cisco 2651
Cisco 3750 L3
4. SHOW COMMANDS ROUTING TABLE
Quagga_A#show ip route
| Codes: | K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, | |
| I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route | ||
| C>* | 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, lo | |
| C>* | 10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, eth0 | |
| C>* | 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, eth1 | |
| S>* | 10.1.0.0/16 [1/0] via 10.1.3.2, eth0 | |
| S>* | 10.200.1.4/32 [1/0] via 10.1.3.2, eth0 | |
| S>* | 10.200.1.1/32 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2, eth1 | |
| Kernel IP routing table | |||||||
| Destination | Gateway | Genmask | Indic | Metric | Ref | Use | Iface |
| 10.200.1.1 | 10.1.1.2 | 255.255.255.255 | UGH | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth1 |
| 10.200.1.4 | 10.1.3.2 | 255.255.255.255 | UGH | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| 10.1.1.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.0 | U | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth1 |
| 10.1.3.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.0 | U | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| 10.1.0.0 | 10.1.3.2 | 255.255.0.0 | UG | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| Codes: | C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP | ||
| D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area | |||
| N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 | |||
| E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP | |||
| i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 | |||
| ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route | |||
| o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route | |||
| Gateway of last resort is not set | |||
| 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 3 masks | |||
| C | 10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 | ||
| S | 10.1.0.0/16 [1/0] via 10.1.3.1 | ||
| C | 10.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 | ||
| S | 10.200.1.1/32 [1/0] via 10.1.3.1 | ||
| S | 10.200.1.4/32 [1/0] via 10.1.4.1 | ||
| Codes: | K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, | |
| I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route | ||
| C>* | 10.200.1.4/32 is directly connected, lo | |
| C>* | 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, lo | |
| C>* | 10.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, eth0 | |
| S>* | 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.1.4.2, eth0 | |
| Kernel IP routing table | |||||||
| Destination | Gateway | Genmask | Flags | Metric | Ref | Use | Iface |
| 10.1.4.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.0 | U | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| 0.0.0.0 | 10.1.4.2 | 0.0.0.0 | UG | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| Codes: | C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP | ||
| D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area | |||
| N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 | |||
| E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP | |||
| i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 | |||
| ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route | |||
| o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route | |||
| Gateway of last resort is 10.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0 | |||
| 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks | |||
| C | 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan1 | ||
| C | 10.200.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback1 | ||
| S* | 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.1.1.1 | ||
INTERFACESQuagga_A#show interface eth0
| Interface eth0 is up, line protocol detection is disabled | ||
| index 3 metric 1 mtu 1500 | ||
| flags: <UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> | ||
| HWaddr: 00:02:11:22:33:44 | ||
| inet 10.1.3.1/24 broadcast 10.1.3.255 | ||
| inet6 fe80::201:66ff:1122:3344/64 | ||
| 46 input packets (0 multicast), 5838 bytes, 0 dropped | ||
| 0 input errors, 0 length, 0 overrun, 0 CRC, 0 frame | ||
| 0 fifo, 0 missed | ||
| 251 output packets, 45451 bytes, 0 dropped | ||
| 0 output errors, 0 aborted, 0 carrier, 0 fifo, 0 heartbeat | ||
| 0 window, 0 collisions | ||
| FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up | ||
| Hardware is AmdFE, address is 0011.2211.3345 (bia 0011.2211.3345) | ||
| Internet address is 10.1.4.2/24 | ||
| MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, | ||
| reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 | ||
| Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) |
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| Full-duplex, 100Mb/s, 100BaseTX/FX | ||
| ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 | ||
| Last input 00:01:20, output 00:00:09, output hang never | ||
| Last clearing of "show interface" counters never | ||
| Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 | ||
| Queueing strategy: fifo | ||
| Output queue: 0/40 (size/max) | ||
| 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec | ||
| 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec | ||
| 477 packets input, 46396 bytes | ||
| Received 303 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles | ||
| 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored | ||
| 0 watchdog | ||
| 0 input packets with dribble condition detected | ||
| 603 packets output, 58014 bytes, 0 underruns | ||
| 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets | ||
| 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred | ||
| 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier | ||
| 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out | ||
SOFTWARE VERSIONSQuagga_A#show version
| Quagga 0.99.6 (). |
| Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al. |
| Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software |
| IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.2(23a), RELEASE |
| SOFTWARE (fc2) |
| Copyright (c) 1986-2004 by cisco Systems, Inc. |
| Compiled Tue 30-Mar-04 15:04 by kellmill |
| Image text-base: 0x8000808C, data-base: 0x81118FD4 |
| ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.2(6r), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) |
| Cisco-2651 uptime is 1 hour, 21 minutes |
| System returned to ROM by reload |
| System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.122-23a.bin" |
| cisco 2651 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x00) with 60416K/5120K bytes of |
| memory. |
| Processor board ID JAD063356E5 (335158987) |
| M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49 |
| Bridging software. |
| X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. |
| 2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) |
| 1 Serial network interface(s) |
| 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. |
| 16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write) |
| Configuration register is 0x2102 |
QUAGGA DAEMONS PROCESSESQuagga_A (Linux level)#ps -ef | grep quagga
| UID | PID | PPID | C | STIME | TTY | TIME | CMD |
| quagga | 10525 | 1 | 0 | 11:36 | ? | 00:00:00 | /usr/lib/quagga/zebra --daemon |
LINUX IP FORWARDING
Quagga_A#show ip forwarding
| IP forwarding is on |
Quagga_B#show ip forwarding
IP forwarding is off