• 反向代理缓存


    前言

      反向代理采用Nginx,当客户端向Nginx服务器发送请求时,Nginx转发给集群,当请求到达Nginx时可以加一层缓存,可存储动态页面,当缓存存在时Nginx直接将缓存返回给客户端,而不请求服务器,这样可以将一大部分请求拦截到直接返回缓存,使服务器压力降低。

    环境准备

      Nginx下载地址:http://nginx.org/en/download.html

      配置:下文贴出,缓存详情 / Nginx配置详情

      应用程序

        创建一个.net core 3.0 MVC程序

    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
          private readonly IConfiguration _iConfiguration;   
          public HomeController( IConfiguration configuration)
          {
              this._iConfiguration = configuration;
          }   
          public IActionResult Index()
          {
              ViewBag.Time = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss fff");
              ViewBag.InternalUrl = $"{base.Request.Scheme}://:{this._iConfiguration["port"]}";
              return View();
          }
    
    }        
    Home 
    public class testController : Controller
        {
            private readonly IConfiguration _iConfiguration;
            public testController(IConfiguration configuration)
            {
                this._iConfiguration = configuration;
            }
            public IActionResult Index()
            {
                ViewBag.Time = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss fff");
                ViewBag.Url = $"{base.Request.Scheme}://{base.Request.Host}";
                ViewBag.InternalUrl = $"{base.Request.Scheme}://:{this._iConfiguration["port"]}";
                return View();
            }
        }
    test

      将时间与端口作为标记,在页面上打印出来,接下来添加命令行支持,打开Program.Main(),添加命令行支持

    public static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                    .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                    .AddCommandLine(args)
                    .Build();
                CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
            }
     //core 2.x 使用
    //public static IWebHost BuildWebHost(string[] args) =>
    //        WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
    //            .UseConfiguration(new ConfigurationBuilder().AddCommandLine(args).Build())
    //            .UseStartup<Startup>()
    //            .Build();
            
    Program

      

      接下来就可以用命令行启动项目了,进入bin/Debug/netcoreappx.x下cmd输入:

    dotnet xxx.dll --urls=http://*:8878 --port=8878

      成功后就能打开浏览器地址访问了~

    Nginx反向代理

      到这项目已经能顺利启动了,接下来配置Nginx反向代理服务器。

      打开conf/nginx.config配置文件进行配置 先在http节点下include前配置(data文件夹要先创建,默认当前地址./为与nginx.exe同级目录,../data为nginx-1.18.0同级)

    proxy_cache_path ../data/ levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:500m inactive=1d max_size=1g;

      

      然后配置下服务转发列表

    upstream web
    {
        server 127.0.0.1:8878;
        server 127.0.0.1:8879;
        server 127.0.0.1:8877;
    }
    

      

       最后在server节点下配置,这样就能转发给多个地址

    location / 
    {
        #代理地址,自动转发到web列表
        proxy_pass  http://web;
    }
    

      

      在/test路由上使用缓存

    location /test 
    {
        #使用上面的缓存地址
        proxy_cache cache_one;
        #缓存200 304 302请求1个小时
        proxy_cache_valid 200 304 302 1;
        proxy_pass  http://web;
        proxy_cache_key  $uri$is_args$args;
    }
    

      

    效果

      现在先访问localhost:8080/home看看集群是否配置成功

      

      可以看到访问8080端口后转发到了8878应用程序,多刷几次看看

      

      

      这样就配置好了,接下来就能测试nginx反向代理缓存,上面的nginx配置文件配置了/text路由的缓存

      访问到/test路由后,多次刷新页面一直都没有改变,没错,动态页面被缓存了。当请求发送到8080端口nginx服务器后由nginx缓存了,第二次请求直接返回,并没有转发出去。去看看nginx缓存目录下存在的缓存文件。

      

      

      如果把缓存删除掉就能重新访问到服务器。

      附上nginx.config

    #user  nobody;
    worker_processes  1;
    
    #error_log  logs/error.log;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
    
    #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        #cache
        proxy_cache_path ../data/ levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:500m inactive=1d max_size=1g;
    
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
        #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
        #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
        
        upstream web{
            server 127.0.0.1:8878;
        server 127.0.0.1:8879;
        server 127.0.0.1:8877;
        }
    
        server {
            listen       8080;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass  http://web;
            }
        location /test {
            proxy_cache cache_one;
    
                proxy_cache_valid 200 304 302 1m;
            proxy_pass  http://web;
            proxy_cache_key  $uri$is_args$args;
        }
    
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
            #
            #location ~ .php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
    
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            #
            #location ~ .php$ {
            #    root           html;
            #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #    include        fastcgi_params;
            #}
    
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
    
    
        # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       8000;
        #    listen       somename:8080;
        #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    
        # HTTPS server
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       443 ssl;
        #    server_name  localhost;
    
        #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
        #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    
        #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
        #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    }
    nginx.conf

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zousc/p/12884093.html
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