CMDB之数据库表设计
1.开发CMDB的背景
很多公司还在用Excel维护资产信息，当服务器数量变多时，难以保证excel表格的正确性，而且不同部门之间交换信息不方便。实现自动采集资产，自动汇报，并自动保存变更记录。
2.CMDB架构
- 资产采集（资产采集）
- API（接受数据保存入库，对外提供数据接口）
- 后台管理
3.资产采集方式
三种方案
- agent
- paramiko
- saltstack
4.服务器的唯一标识
a.不需要采集虚拟机
- 采用主板的SN号作为唯一标识。
b.需要采集虚拟机
- 对服务器进行标准化，唯一标识选用hostname
5.CMDB流程
- 装机同时，主机名在CMDB中设置
- 第一次采集，将主机名写入文件，发送到API
- 第N次采集，主机名从直接从文件名中获取。
6.表结构图示
7.django-models结构
from django.db import models
class UserProfile(models.Model):
"""
用户信息
"""
name = models.CharField(u'姓名', max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField(u'邮箱')
phone = models.CharField(u'座机', max_length=32)
mobile = models.CharField(u'手机', max_length=32)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "用户表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class AdminInfo(models.Model):
"""
用户登陆相关信息
"""
user_info = models.OneToOneField("UserProfile")
username = models.CharField(u'用户名', max_length=64)
password = models.CharField(u'密码', max_length=64)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "管理员表"
def __str__(self):
return self.user_info.name
class UserGroup(models.Model):
"""
用户组
"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
users = models.ManyToManyField('UserProfile')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "用户组表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class BusinessUnit(models.Model):
"""
业务线,业务联系人和系统管理员
"""
name = models.CharField('业务线', max_length=64, unique=True)
contact = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='业务联系人', related_name='c')
manager = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='系统管理员', related_name='m')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "业务线表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class IDC(models.Model):
"""
机房信息
"""
name = models.CharField('机房', max_length=32)
floor = models.IntegerField('楼层', default=1)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "机房表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Tag(models.Model):
"""
资产标签
"""
name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=32, unique=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "标签表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Asset(models.Model):
"""
资产信息表，所有资产公共信息（交换机，服务器，防火墙等）
"""
device_type_choices = (
(1, '服务器'),
(2, '交换机'),
(3, '防火墙'),
)
device_status_choices = (
(1, '上架'),
(2, '在线'),
(3, '离线'),
(4, '下架'),
)
device_type_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_type_choices, default=1)
device_status_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_status_choices, default=1)
cabinet_num = models.CharField('机柜号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)
cabinet_order = models.CharField('机柜中序号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)
idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC', verbose_name='IDC机房', null=True, blank=True)
business_unit = models.ForeignKey('BusinessUnit', verbose_name='属于的业务线', null=True, blank=True)
tag = models.ManyToManyField('Tag')
latest_date = models.DateField(null=True)
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "资产表"
def __str__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.idc.name, self.cabinet_num, self.cabinet_order)
class Server(models.Model):
"""
服务器信息
"""
asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)
sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, db_index=True)
manufacturer = models.CharField(verbose_name='制造商', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
manage_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField('管理IP', null=True, blank=True)
os_platform = models.CharField('系统', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
os_version = models.CharField('系统版本', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
cpu_count = models.IntegerField('CPU个数', null=True, blank=True)
cpu_physical_count = models.IntegerField('CPU物理个数', null=True, blank=True)
cpu_model = models.CharField('CPU型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "服务器表"
def __str__(self):
return self.hostname
class NetworkDevice(models.Model):
asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')
management_ip = models.CharField('管理IP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
vlan_ip = models.CharField('VlanIP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
intranet_ip = models.CharField('内网IP', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, unique=True)
manufacture = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'制造商', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
port_num = models.SmallIntegerField('端口个数', null=True, blank=True)
device_detail = models.CharField('设置详细配置', max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "网络设备"
class Disk(models.Model):
"""
硬盘信息
"""
slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=8)
model = models.CharField('磁盘型号', max_length=32)
capacity = models.FloatField('磁盘容量GB')
pd_type = models.CharField('磁盘类型', max_length=32)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='disk')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "硬盘表"
def __str__(self):
return self.slot
class NIC(models.Model):
"""
网卡信息
"""
name = models.CharField('网卡名称', max_length=128)
hwaddr = models.CharField('网卡mac地址', max_length=64)
netmask = models.CharField(max_length=64)
ipaddrs = models.CharField('ip地址', max_length=256)
up = models.BooleanField(default=False)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='nic')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "网卡表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Memory(models.Model):
"""
内存信息
"""
slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=32)
manufacturer = models.CharField('制造商', max_length=32, null=True, blank=True)
model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64)
capacity = models.FloatField('容量', null=True, blank=True)
sn = models.CharField('内存SN号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
speed = models.CharField('速度', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='memory')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "内存表"
def __str__(self):
return self.slot
class AssetRecord(models.Model):
"""
资产变更记录,creator为空时，表示是资产汇报的数据。
"""
asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', related_name='ar')
content = models.TextField(null=True)# 新增硬盘
creator = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile', null=True, blank=True) #
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "资产记录表"
def __str__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.asset_obj.idc.name, self.asset_obj.cabinet_num, self.asset_obj.cabinet_order)
class ErrorLog(models.Model):
"""
错误日志,如：agent采集数据错误 或 运行错误
"""
asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', null=True, blank=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=16)
content = models.TextField()
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "错误日志表"
def __str__(self):
return self.title