基于模型（models）序列化
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建立models模型
Django项目中建立针对底层数据库结构化字段的数据模型。
实例参考：
class Cabinet(models.Model): id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True,auto_created=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False) code = models.CharField(max_length=64, default='',blank=True, verbose_name='机架编号') assetCode = models.CharField(max_length=64, default='',blank=True, verbose_name='机柜号') types = models.CharField(max_length=32, default='',blank=True, verbose_name='机柜类型') uBit = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='机架U数') electric = models.CharField(max_length=16, default='',blank=True, verbose_name='电流类型') power = models.CharField(max_length=16,null=True,blank=True, default='', verbose_name='电源总功率') powerUse = models.CharField(max_length=16,null=True,blank=True, default='', verbose_name='已用电源功率') roomId = models.UUIDField(max_length=36,null=False,blank=False,verbose_name='所属机房') uUse = JSONField(null=True,verbose_name='已用U数') comment = models.CharField(max_length=256,null=True,blank=True,default='',verbose_name='备注') createTime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,verbose_name='创建时间') updateTime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,verbose_name='最后更新时间') creatorId = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name='创建者ID') creatorName = models.CharField(max_length=8,blank=True,default='',verbose_name='创建者') isDelete = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name='是否已删除')
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基于model的serializers序列化
根据model中的数据字段的类型及默认值和其他相关的属性，在serializsers中进行相关错误验证及入库前属性验证操作。
引用serializers.ModelsSerializer方法进行模型序列化操作。 class CabinetSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Cabinet #指定所以序列化的model模型表 fields = '__all__' #可以单独指定字段或者采用该方法，一次性包含所有的字段，（fields = ('id','code','assets_code','power','powerUse')）
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本次采用view来操作入库和序列号验证
实现create、list、get等方法，我放置到view中实现，验证也是如此。
class CabinetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView): """机房信息列表""" _status = Q(isDelete=0) queryset = Cabinet.objects.filter(_status) #model中查询所有的数据，带入条件进行查询 serializer_class = CabinetSerializer #此处进行序列号操作 # 以上queryset和serializer两条语句可以完成普通的reset framework查询添加和查询操作，由于需要进行实际调整，因此重写了一下方法 def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs): code = request.data['code'] assetCode = request.data['assetCode'] roomId = request.data['roomId'] cabinet_ret = Q(assetCode=assetCode) & Q(roomId=roomId) & Q(isDelete=0) if Cabinet.objects.filter(cabinet_ret).exists(): return Response('同机房{}机柜已存在'.format(assetCode),status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) if Cabinet.objects.filter(code=code,isDelete=0).exists(): return Response('机柜资产编号{}已存在'.format(code),status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) try: Room.objects.get(Q(id=uuid.UUID(roomId)) & Q(isDelete=0)) except Room.DoesNotExist: return Response('机房ID{}不存在'.format(roomId),status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) serializer = CabinetSerializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): with transaction.atomic(): serializer.save() return Response(serializer.data,status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) return Response(serializer.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) def get_queryset(self): roomId = self.request.GET.get('roomId',None) assetCode = self.request.GET.get('assetCode',None) query = None if roomId: try: uuid.UUID(roomId) except Exception as e: logger.error(e) return status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST if not pyutil.is_none(roomId) and not pyutil.is_empty(roomId): _roomId = Q(roomId=roomId) & Q(isDelete=0) if query is not None: query = query & _roomId else: query = _roomId if not pyutil.is_none(assetCode) and not pyutil.is_empty(assetCode): assetCode = assetCode.strip() _assetCode = Q(assetCode=assetCode) & Q(isDelete=0) if query is not None: query = query & _assetCode else: query = _assetCode if query is not None: if Cabinet.objects.filter(query).exists(): cabinet = Cabinet.objects.filter(query) else: cabinet = status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND else: if Cabinet.objects.filter(isDelete=0).exists(): cabinet = Cabinet.objects.filter(isDelete=0) else: cabinet = status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND return cabinet def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs): queryset = self.get_queryset() if queryset == status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND: queryset = [] elif queryset == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST: return Response('机房Id格式不正确，不属于UUID格式', status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) page = self.paginate_queryset(queryset) if page is not None: serializer = self.get_serializer(page,many=True) return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data) serializer = CabinetSerializer(queryset, many=True) return Response(serializer.data,status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
本次采用model中普通序列化操作(接下来的章节中继续推出。。。)
GET /assets/cabinet/list/
HTTP 200 OKAllow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONSContent-Type: application/jsonVary: Accept{ "count": 6, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": "4a7ff0ee-e939-4db9-9f0f-5eebfb303959", "code": "IDC-622", "assetCode": "A442", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 42, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1", "roomId": "e3deb067-63d1-4bb8-8cb4-d95c9479533f", "uUse": "[6, 7, 8, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 9, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 38, 39, 60, 61, 62, 63]", "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T16:20:19.749532", "updateTime": "2018-05-25T15:12:15.555063", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 }, { "id": "6363cae7-23f3-404b-8099-c1e4a4844a2d", "code": "IDC-6", "assetCode": "A44", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 42, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1", "roomId": "e3deb067-63d1-4bb8-8cb4-d95c9479533f", "uUse": "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 36, 37, 38, 56, 57]", "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T15:45:42.682395", "updateTime": "2018-05-23T17:27:21.756329", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 }, { "id": "648c9f0b-1073-4c68-9b14-3f0e0b096aa1", "code": "IDC-5", "assetCode": "A12", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 42, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1", "roomId": "e3deb067-63d1-4bb8-8cb4-d95c9479533f", "uUse": {}, "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T15:43:27.179935", "updateTime": "2018-05-11T15:43:27.179964", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 }, { "id": "8df3e127-a052-4a66-9af7-b441973c6243", "code": "IDC-3", "assetCode": "A1", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 42, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1", "roomId": "e3deb067-63d1-4bb8-8cb4-d95c9479533f", "uUse": {}, "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T15:43:02.928782", "updateTime": "2018-05-11T15:43:02.928812", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 }, { "id": "d135790f-891d-45f1-87e3-e44552b185df", "code": "IDC-1", "assetCode": "A105", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 47, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1KW", "roomId": "69ceede1-9558-422e-a1df-4cedf736a041", "uUse": {}, "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T18:07:01.426919", "updateTime": "2018-05-11T18:08:12.372695", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 }, { "id": "e54fbb3e-2f29-489d-83bc-6f2ae0ece25a", "code": "IDC-10", "assetCode": "A10", "types": "业务柜", "uBit": 42, "electric": "直流", "power": "3KW", "powerUse": "1", "roomId": "e3deb067-63d1-4bb8-8cb4-d95c9479533f", "uUse": {}, "comment": "", "createTime": "2018-05-11T15:42:08.624365", "updateTime": "2018-05-11T15:42:08.624400", "creatorId": 0, "creatorName": "", "isDelete": 0 } ]}