• 通过注解配置Bean


    【在classpath中扫描组件】

    1.组件扫描(component scanning):Spring 能够从classpath下自动扫描,侦测和实例化具有特定注解的组件。

    2.特定组件包括:

    --@Component:基本注解,标识了一个受Spring管理的组件。

    --@Respository:标识持久层组件

    --@Service:标识服务层(业务层)组件

    --@controller:标识表现层组件

    3.对于扫描到的组件,Spring有默认的命名策略:使用非限定类名,第一个字母小写,也可以在注解中通过value属性值标识组件的名称

    4.当在组件类上使用了特定的注解之后,还需要再Spring的配置文件中声明<context:component-scan>

    --base-package属性指定一个需要扫描的基类包,Spring容器将会扫描这个基类包里及其子包中的所有类

    --当需要扫描多个包时,可以用逗号隔开

    --如果仅希望扫描特定的类而非基类包下的所有类,可使用resource-pattern属性过滤特定的类:

    示例:<context:component-scan

                                base-package="com.hk.beans"

                                resource-pattern="auowire/*.class"/>

    --<context:include-filter>:子节点表示要包含的目标类

    --<context:exclude-filter>:子节点表示要排除在外的目标类

    --<context:component-scan>下可以拥有若干个<context:include-filter>和<context:exclude-filter>子节点

    (1)

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/Main.java:

     1 package com.hk.beans.annotation;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
     4 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
     5 import com.hk.beans.annotation.controller.UserController;
     6 import com.hk.beans.annotation.repository.UserRespository;
     7 import com.hk.beans.annotation.service.UserService;
     8 
     9 public class Main {
    10     public static void main(String[] args) {
    11         ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-annotation.xml");
    12         TestObject to = (TestObject) ctx.getBean("testObject");
    13         System.out.println(to);
    14         
    15         UserController userController = (UserController) ctx.getBean("userController");
    16         System.out.println(userController);
    17         
    18         UserService userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
    19         System.out.println(userService);
    20         
    21         UserRespository userRespository = (UserRespository) ctx.getBean("userRepository");
    22         System.out.println(userRespository);   
    23     }
    24 }

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/TestObject.java:

    1 package com.hk.beans.annotation;
    2 
    3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    4 
    5 @Component
    6 public class TestObject {
    7     
    8 }

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/controller/UserController.java:

     1 package com.hk.beans.annotation.controller;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
     4 
     5 @Controller
     6 public class UserController {
     7     public void execute(){
     8         System.out.println("UserController execute...");
     9     } 
    10 }

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/repository/UserRespository.java:

    1 package com.hk.beans.annotation.repository;
    2 
    3 public interface UserRespository {
    4     void save();
    5 }

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/repository/UserRespositoryImpl.java:

     1 package com.hk.beans.annotation.repository;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
     4 
     5 @Repository("userRepository")
     6 public class UserRespositoryImpl implements UserRespository {
     7     @Override
     8     public void save() {
     9         System.out.println("'UserRepository Save...");
    10     }
    11 }

    /spring-1/src/com/hk/beans/annotation/service/UserService.java:

     1 package com.hk.beans.annotation.service;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
     4 
     5 @Service
     6 public class UserService {
     7     public void add(){
     8         System.out.println("UserService add..");
     9     }
    10 }

    运行结果;

    (2)可以通过resource-pattern指定扫描的资源

    beans-annotation.xml;

    1    <!-- 指定Spring IOC 容器扫描的包 -->
    2    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hk.beans.annotation"
    3             resource-pattern="repository/*.class">
    4    </context:component-scan>

    运行结果:

    (3)<context:exclude-filter>标签测试

    context:exclude-filter 子节点指定排除哪些表达式的组件 。

    beans-annotation.xml;

    1    <!-- 指定Spring IOC 容器扫描的包 -->
    2    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hk.beans.annotation">
    3        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
    4                 expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
    5    </context:component-scan>

    运行结果:

    (4)context:include-filter标签测试

    context:include-filter子节点指定包含哪些表达式的组件,该子节点需要use-default-filter配合使用。

    beans-annotation.xml:

    1    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hk.beans.annotation" use-default-filters="false">
    2    
    3        <context:include-filter type="annotation" 
    4                 expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
    5    </context:component-scan>

    运行结果:

    注意:必须要将<context:component-scan>中的use-default-filters标签设置为false。否则将会执行默认的filter,结果是Respository、Controller、Service等等都会执行。

    如:

     (5)

    beans-annotation.xml:

    1    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hk.beans.annotation">
    2        <context:exclude-filter type="assignable" 
    3                 expression="com.hk.beans.annotation.repository.UserRespository"/>
    4    </context:component-scan>

    运行结果:

    (6)

    beans-annotation.xml:

    1    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hk.beans.annotation"
    2                            use-default-filters="false">
    3        <context:include-filter type="assignable" 
    4                 expression="com.hk.beans.annotation.repository.UserRespository"/>
    5    </context:component-scan>

    运行结果:

    【Bug无处不在】

    1.中途遇到的bug:异常信息如下:

     1 Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Unexpected exception parsing XML document from class path resource [beans-annotation.xml]; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/aop/TargetSource
     2     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:414)
     3     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:336)
     4     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304)
     5     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181)
     6     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217)
     7     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
     8     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252)
     9     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
    10     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
    11     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
    12     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:612)
    13     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:513)
    14     at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    15     at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    16     at com.hk.beans.annotation.Main.main(Main.java:12)
    17 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/aop/TargetSource
    18     at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(AnnotationConfigUtils.java:154)
    19     at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.registerComponents(ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.java:150)
    20     at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse(ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.java:88)
    21     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport.parse(NamespaceHandlerSupport.java:74)
    22     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1411)
    23     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1401)
    24     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:172)
    25     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:142)
    26     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:94)
    27     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:508)
    28     at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:392)
    29     ... 14 more
    30 Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.aop.TargetSource
    31     at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
    32     at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
    33     at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    34     at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
    35     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
    36     at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
    37     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
    38     ... 25 more

    解决方法:

    导入一个jar包:spring-aop-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar即可。

    每接触一个新领域,我就像一块掉进水里的海绵,四面八方的养分都让我不断充实。O(∩_∩)O~
  • 相关阅读:
    squid节点添加新域名测试
    策略路由
    nagios note
    squid日志时间转换
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP HDU3336 Count the string
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP POJ3080 Blue Jeans
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP HDU2594 Simpsons’ Hidden Talents
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP POJ2752 Seek the Name, Seek the Fame
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP POJ2406 Power Strings
    kuangbin专题十六 KMP&&扩展KMP HDU1358 Period
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhzcode/p/9650770.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知