题目链接:http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4675
题意:给一个大小为N的数列a[i],然后一个数M以及一个数K,要你求得一个数列b[i],其中b[i]有K个数与a[i]中的不相同,使得gcd(b[i])=j。对于每个 j ,求出满足的b[i]的个数。。
首先我们统计数列a[i]每个数的个数,假设现在求gcd(b[i])=j,那么可以在t=M/j的时间内求出 j 的倍数的个数cnt。那么就相当于在cnt个中选择N-K个不变C(cnt,N-K),在剩下的 j 的倍数中有(t-1)^(cnt-t)种,非 j 的倍数中有t^(N-cnt)种,那么就是C(cnt,N-K)*(t-1)^(cnt-t)*t^(N-cnt)。这里求出的是gcd(b[i])为 j 的倍数的情况,还要减去2*j,3*j...的数目,因此 j 从M开始倒推就可以了,减去ans[2*j],ans[3*j]...
1 //STATUS:C++_AC_1796MS_6144KB 2 #include <functional> 3 #include <algorithm> 4 #include <iostream> 5 //#include <ext/rope> 6 #include <fstream> 7 #include <sstream> 8 #include <iomanip> 9 #include <numeric> 10 #include <cstring> 11 #include <cassert> 12 #include <cstdio> 13 #include <string> 14 #include <vector> 15 #include <bitset> 16 #include <queue> 17 #include <stack> 18 #include <cmath> 19 #include <ctime> 20 #include <list> 21 #include <set> 22 #include <map> 23 using namespace std; 24 //#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:102400000,102400000") 25 //using namespace __gnu_cxx; 26 //define 27 #define pii pair<int,int> 28 #define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a)) 29 #define lson l,mid,rt<<1 30 #define rson mid+1,r,rt<<1|1 31 #define PI acos(-1.0) 32 //typedef 33 typedef __int64 LL; 34 typedef unsigned __int64 ULL; 35 //const 36 const int N=300010; 37 const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f; 38 const LL MOD=1000000007,STA=8000010; 39 const LL LNF=1LL<<55; 40 const double EPS=1e-9; 41 const double OO=1e50; 42 const int dx[4]={-1,0,1,0}; 43 const int dy[4]={0,1,0,-1}; 44 const int day[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}; 45 //Daily Use ... 46 inline int sign(double x){return (x>EPS)-(x<-EPS);} 47 template<class T> T gcd(T a,T b){return b?gcd(b,a%b):a;} 48 template<class T> T lcm(T a,T b){return a/gcd(a,b)*b;} 49 template<class T> inline T lcm(T a,T b,T d){return a/d*b;} 50 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b){return a<b?a:b;} 51 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b){return a>b?a:b;} 52 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b,T c){return min(min(a, b),c);} 53 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b,T c){return max(max(a, b),c);} 54 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b,T c,T d){return min(min(a, b),min(c,d));} 55 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b,T c,T d){return max(max(a, b),max(c,d));} 56 //End 57 58 LL C[N],ans[N]; 59 int cnt[N]; 60 int n,m,k; 61 62 void exgcd(LL a,LL b,LL &d,LL &x,LL &y) 63 { 64 if(!b){d=a;x=1;y=0;} 65 else {exgcd(b,a%b,d,y,x);y-=x*(a/b);} 66 } 67 68 LL inv(LL a) 69 { 70 LL d,x,y; 71 exgcd(a,MOD,d,x,y); 72 return (x+MOD)%MOD; 73 } 74 75 LL mulpow(LL n,int m) 76 { 77 LL ret=1; 78 for(;m;m>>=1){ 79 if(m&1)ret=(ret*n)%MOD; 80 n=(n*n)%MOD; 81 } 82 return ret; 83 } 84 85 int main(){ 86 // freopen("in.txt","r",stdin); 87 int i,j,a,tot,t,p; 88 LL s; 89 while(~scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k)) 90 { 91 C[t=n-k]=1; 92 for(i=t+1;i<=n;i++){ 93 C[i]=(i*C[i-1]%MOD*inv(i-t))%MOD; 94 } 95 mem(cnt,0); 96 for(i=0;i<n;i++){ 97 scanf("%d",&a); 98 cnt[a]++; 99 } 100 for(i=m;i>=1;i--){ 101 tot=cnt[i];s=0; 102 for(j=i+i;j<=m;j+=i){ 103 tot+=cnt[j]; 104 s=(s+ans[j])%MOD; 105 } 106 if(t>tot)ans[i]=0; 107 else { 108 p=m/i; 109 ans[i]=(C[tot]*mulpow(p-1,tot-t)%MOD*mulpow(p,n-tot))%MOD; 110 ans[i]=(ans[i]-s+MOD)%MOD; 111 } 112 } 113 114 printf("%I64d",ans[1]); 115 for(i=2;i<=m;i++) 116 printf(" %I64d",ans[i]); 117 putchar(' '); 118 } 119 return 0; 120 }