C#常用泛型使用方法举例

class Program
    {
        #region Person class for testing
        public class Person
        {
            public int Age { get; set; }
            public string FirstName { get; set; }
            public string LastName { get; set; }

            public Person()
            {
 
            }

            public Person(string firstName, string lastName, int age)
            {
                Age = age;
                FirstName = firstName;
                LastName = lastName;
            }

            public override string ToString()
            {
                return string.Format("Name:{0} {1},Age:{2}", FirstName, LastName, Age);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            UseGenericList();
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

            UseGenericStack();
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

            UseGenericQueue();
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

            UseSortedSet();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        #region SortPeopleByAge class
        class SortPeopleByAge : IComparer<Person>
        {
            public int Compare(Person firstPerson, Person secondPerson)
            {
                if (firstPerson.Age > secondPerson.Age)
                    return 1;
                if (firstPerson.Age < secondPerson.Age)
                    return -1;
                else
                    return 0;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Ues List<T>
        private static void UseGenericList()
        {
            List<Person> people = new List<Person>()
            {
                new Person {FirstName="Zhang",LastName="Nan",Age=23},
                new Person {FirstName= "Homer", LastName="Simpson", Age=47},
                new Person {FirstName= "Marge", LastName="Simpson", Age=45},
                new Person {FirstName= "Lisa", LastName="Simpson", Age=9},
                new Person {FirstName= "Bart", LastName="Simpson", Age=8},
            };

            Console.WriteLine("Item in list: {0}", people.Count);

            foreach (Person p in people)
                Console.WriteLine(p);

            Console.WriteLine("\n->Inserting new person");
            people.Insert(2, new Person { FirstName = "Test", LastName = "Test", Age = 123});
            Console.WriteLine("Items in list:{0}", people.Count);

            Person[] arrayOfPeople = people.ToArray();
            for (int i = 0; i < arrayOfPeople.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("First Name: {0}", arrayOfPeople[i].FirstName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Use Stack<T>
        static void UseGenericStack()
        {
            Stack<Person> stackOfPeople = new Stack<Person>();
            stackOfPeople.Push(new Person { FirstName = "Zhang", LastName = "Nan", Age = 23 });
            stackOfPeople.Push(new Person { FirstName = "Homer", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 47 });
            //stackOfPeople.Push(new Person { FirstName = "Marge", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 45 });
            stackOfPeople.Push(new Person { FirstName = "Lisa", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 9 });

            Console.WriteLine("First person is : {0}", stackOfPeople.Peek());
            Console.WriteLine("Popped off {0}", stackOfPeople.Pop());

            Console.WriteLine("\nFirst person is: {0}", stackOfPeople.Peek());
            Console.WriteLine("Popped off {0}", stackOfPeople.Pop());

            Console.WriteLine("\nFirst person is: {0}", stackOfPeople.Peek());
            Console.WriteLine("Popped off {0}", stackOfPeople.Pop());

            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nFirst person is: {0}", stackOfPeople.Peek());
                Console.WriteLine("Popped off {0}", stackOfPeople.Pop());
            }
            catch(InvalidOperationException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nError! {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Use Queue<T>
        static void GetCoffee(Person p)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} got coffee!", p.FirstName);
        }

        static void UseGenericQueue()
        {
            Queue<Person> peopleQ = new Queue<Person>();
            peopleQ.Enqueue(new Person { FirstName = "Zhang", LastName = "Nan", Age = 23 });
            peopleQ.Enqueue(new Person { FirstName = "Homer", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 47 });
            //peopleQ.Enqueue(new Person { FirstName = "Marge", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 45 });
            peopleQ.Enqueue(new Person { FirstName = "Lisa", LastName = "Simpson", Age = 9 });

            Console.WriteLine("{0} is first in line!", peopleQ.Peek().FirstName);

            GetCoffee(peopleQ.Dequeue());
            GetCoffee(peopleQ.Dequeue());
            GetCoffee(peopleQ.Dequeue());

            try
            {
                GetCoffee(peopleQ.Dequeue());
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error! {0}", e.Message);
            }

        }
        #endregion

        #region Use SortedSet<T>
        private static void UseSortedSet()
        {
            SortedSet<Person> setOfPeople = new SortedSet<Person>(new SortPeopleByAge())
            {
                new Person {FirstName= "Homer", LastName="Simpson", Age=47},
                new Person {FirstName= "Marge", LastName="Simpson", Age=45},
                new Person {FirstName= "Lisa", LastName="Simpson", Age=9},
                new Person {FirstName= "Bart", LastName="Simpson", Age=8}
            };

            foreach (Person p in setOfPeople)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(p);
            }

            Console.WriteLine();

            setOfPeople.Add(new Person { FirstName = "Zhang", LastName = "Nan", Age = 23 });
            setOfPeople.Add(new Person { FirstName = "Abc", LastName = "Test", Age = 120 });

            foreach (Person p in setOfPeople)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(p);
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }

注：引用自 《Por C# 2010 and the .NET 4 Platform》