• [JAVA]SLF4J及其实现类框架使用简介


    SLF4J介绍

    SLF4J是Simple Logging Facade for Java 的简写,读法就是一个字母一个字母的读(官网的介绍视频就是这么读的)。SLF4J是一个接口,规定了一些记录日志的操作,有很多框架实现了该接口,比如:

    • java.util.logging
    • logback
    • log4j

    SLF4J需要配合这些实现框架才能使用

    SLF4J使用

    pom文件中引入slf4j-api并编写如下代码测试:

    public class App 
    {
        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(App.class);
    
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
            logger.info("log test");
    
            System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
        }
    }
    
    

    结果如下:

    Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:54370', transport: 'socket'
    SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
    SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
    SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
    Hello World!
    

    提示没有绑定logger实现类,正如前文所说,SLF4J只是一个接口,并没有具体实现,它的实现依赖于各个框架,如果要正确使用,还需要引入相应的实现框架,下面介绍几种开发中常用的实现了SLF4J接口的框架


    1. slf4j-simple

    slf4j-simple是比较简单的SFL4J接口的实现,只需引入slf4j-api,不需要配置即可使用

    pom文件:

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-simple -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
    

    运行结果:

    Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:54905', transport: 'socket'
    [main] INFO zhengxl.App - test log
    Hello World!
    

    2. logback

    logback的ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger类直接实现了SLF4J的org.slf4j.Logger接口,所以他俩可以无缝搭配,建议采用该方式。

    最简单的使用方式就是让logback使用默认配置,在没有logback.xml配置文件的情况下,logback会默认调用 BasicConfigurator 初始化一个最小配置。

    pom文件:

           <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>2	
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/ch.qos.logback/logback-classic -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
    

    运行结果:

    Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:63141', transport: 'socket'
    17:37:56.561 [main] INFO zhengxl.App - log test
    Hello World!
    

    3. log4j

    要在SFL4J框架下使用log4j,需要用到slf4j-log4j12桥接起来。

    pom:

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    

    这里还需要增加log4j的配置文件:

    log4j.properties

    log4j.rootLogger=TRACE, STDOUT, ERRLOG
    log4j.appender.encoding=UTF-8
    
    #log to console
    log4j.appender.STDOUT=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.STDOUT.Threshold=DEBUG
    log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d][%-5p] (%F:%L) - %m%n
    
    #log to file
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG.Threshold=TRACE
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d][%-5p] (%F:%L) - %m%n
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG.file=logs/error.log
    log4j.appender.ERRLOG.DatePattern=-yyyyMMdd
    

    运行结果:

    [2020-02-12 23:48:53,454][INFO ] (App.java:17) - log test
    Hello World!
    

    4. slf4j-nop

    该框架可以静默丢弃一切日志

    pom:

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-nop -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
    

    运行结果:

    Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:65372', transport: 'socket'
    Hello World!
    

    SLF4J 最佳实践

    在java语言中,由于String是不可变的,所以用 + 拼接字符效率非常低,SFL4J考虑到了这个问题,提供了占位符的方式来记录日志,最佳实践如下:

            String name = "zhengxl5566";
            Integer age = 18;
            logger.info("hello!,{},{}",name,age);
    

    输出:

    [2020-02-12 23:53:12,078][INFO ] (App.java:20) - hello!,zhengxl5566,18
    

    参考

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhengxl5566/p/12301919.html
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