进行以下方式发送邮件之前,需要对接收邮件的邮箱进行设置如下:
1、开启IMAP/SMTP服务:
2、设置白名单,这一步我在测试时没有设置也能收到邮件,所以根据具体情况而定:
一、使用telnet命令(依赖postfix等服务)
1、确保postfix已经运行
systemctl status postfix
2、确保telnet已经安装,没有安装执行
yum install -y telnet
3、执行telnet连接25号端口
telnet 127.0.0.1 25
依次输入以下命令:
HELO actmyself.com
MAIL FROM: <zcz@actmyself.com>
RCPT TO: <要发送的邮箱地址@qq.com>
DATA
Subject: test message
From: <zcz@actmyself.com>
To: <要发送的邮箱地址@qq.com>
Hello, this is a test good bye .
QUIT
执行完以上操作,即可在邮箱中收到邮件
二、使用mail命令(依赖postfix等服务)
1、设置/etc/mail.rc,这里的发件人邮箱以163为例,qq邮箱可能不同
vim /etc/mail.rc
set from=发件人邮箱@163.com set smtp=smtp.163.com set smtp-auth-user=发件人邮箱@163.com set smtp-auth-password=邮箱密码 set smtp-auth=login
2、使用mail进行邮件发送:
echo "Content" | mail -s "Title" 收件人邮箱@qq.com
3、获取到邮件:
三、使用代码实现SMTP协议(依赖postfix等服务):send-mail-use-smtp.php
<?php $remote_address = 'tcp://127.0.0.1:25'; $client = stream_socket_client($remote_address); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "HELO actmyself.com "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "MAIL FROM: <zcz@actmyself.com> "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "RCPT TO: <1178218582@qq.com> "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "DATA "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "Subject: test message "; fwrite($client, $request); $request = "From: <zcz@actmyself.com> "; fwrite($client, $request); $request = "To: <1178218582@qq.com> "; fwrite($client, $request); $request = " Hello, this is a test good bye . "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; $request = "QUIT "; fwrite($client, $request); $response = fread($client, 1024); echo $response, PHP_EOL; fclose($client); echo 'done', PHP_EOL;
执行即可收到邮件:
四、使用php提供的mail函数(功能简单、依赖postfix等服务):send-mail.php
<?php $to = '收件人的邮箱@qq.com'; $subject = '测试使用php mail函数发送邮件'; $message = '测试,勿回'; $success = mail($to, $subject, $message); echo ($success ? '投递成功' : '投递失败'), PHP_EOL;
执行即可收到邮件:
五、使用第三方库(多功能,如群发、添加附件,依赖postfix等服务):swiftmailer(官方文档:https://swiftmailer.symfony.com/docs/index.html)
1、Postfix邮件服务器搭建:
1.1、安装:
yum install -y postfix
1.2、设置配置:
需要设置以下参数:
postconf -n
配置文件为:/etc/postfix/main.cf,执行以下操作,然后配置上述选项
vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
重启postfix:
systemctl restart postfix
设置hostname:
hostnamectl set-hostname zhengchuzhou.xyz
设置邮件域名,可以在dnspod上注册:https://www.dnspod.cn/,ip可以通过curl http://ip.cn获取
查看设置是否生效:
dig -t mx zhengchuzhou.xyz
2、swiftmailer发送普通文字邮件
2.1、创建新目录send-mail
2.2、composer安装swiftmailer,在send-mail中执行:
composer require "swiftmailer/swiftmailer:^6.0"
2.3、创建demo.php,代码如下:
<?php require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; $transport = (new Swift_SmtpTransport('127.0.0.1', 25)); $mailer = new Swift_Mailer($transport); $message = (new Swift_Message('Wonderful Subject1')) ->setFrom(['zcz@zhengchuzhou.xyz' => 'zcz']) ->setTo(['1178218582@qq.com']) ->setBody('Hello, This is a test'); $mailer->send($message);
2.4、执行该文件,即可收到邮件
3、swiftmailer发送包含html代码的邮件
3.1、代码如下:demo2.php
<?php require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; $transport = (new Swift_SmtpTransport('127.0.0.1', 25)); $mailer = new Swift_Mailer($transport); $html_body = <<<'EOT' <p style="color:red">Hello</p> My <em>amazing</em> body EOT; $message = (new Swift_Message('Wonderful Subject1')) ->setFrom(['zcz@zhengchuzhou.xyz' => 'zcz']) ->setTo(['1178218582@qq.com']) ->setBody($html_body, 'text/html'); $mailer->send($message);
3.2、其他步骤同2,执行后收到邮件如下:
4、swiftmailer发送包含图片的邮件:
4.1、代码如下,demo3.php:
<?php require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; $transport = (new Swift_SmtpTransport('127.0.0.1', 25)); $mailer = new Swift_Mailer($transport); $html_body = <<<'EOT' <p style="color:red">Hello</p> My <em>amazing</em> body EOT; $message = (new Swift_Message('Wonderful Subject1')) ->setFrom(['zcz@zhengchuzhou.xyz' => 'zcz']) ->setTo(['1178218582@qq.com']) ->setBody($html_body, 'text/html'); $attachment = Swift_Attachment::fromPath('1.jpg', 'image/jpeg'); $message->attach($attachment); $mailer->send($message);
4.2、其他步骤同2,执行后收到的邮件如下:
5、swiftmailer群发邮件:
5.1、代码如下,demo4.php:
<?php require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; $transport = (new Swift_SmtpTransport('127.0.0.1', 25)); $mailer = new Swift_Mailer($transport); $html_body = <<<'EOT' <p style="color:red">Hello</p> My <em>amazing</em> body EOT; $message = (new Swift_Message('Wonderful Subject1')) ->setFrom(['zcz@zhengchuzhou.xyz' => 'zcz']) ->setTo(['1178218582@qq.com', '15521218742@163.com']) ->setBody($html_body, 'text/html'); $attachment = Swift_Attachment::fromPath('1.jpg', 'image/jpeg'); $message->attach($attachment); $mailer->send($message);
5.2、其他同上
六、使用第三方服务(安全、高效,不依赖postfix等服务):Mailgun、AWS SES、QQ企业邮箱
七、异常及日志:
1、安装monolog:github地址:https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog
composer require monolog/monolog
2、使用logrotate对日志进行切割:
2.1、logrotate依赖crond,需要确保crond已经开启:
systemctl status crond
2.2、查看logrotate的配置文件:
rpm -ql logrotate
2.3、在/etc/logrotate.d下编写分隔配置文件:send-mail
/var/www/mail/send-mail/app.log
{
copytruncate
daily
su zcz zcz
}
2.4、验证:
强制执行logrotate:
sudo logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/send-mail
即可看到日志文件被分割:
3、使用supervisor管理进程:
3.1、查看配置:
rpm -ql supervisor | grep etc
3.2、在/etc/supervisord.d下配置send-mail.ini文件:
[program: send-mail] command=/usr/bin/php /var/www/mail/send-mail/consume_with_logger.php autorestart=true user=zcz
3.3、启动supervisord及查看supervisord
sudo systemctl start supervisord
sudo systemctl status supervisord
3.4、验证
杀死进程然后查看进程是否还存在,发现依然存在,但pid发生变化,可见supervisord已经起到作用