• Slf4j初探


    1.新建module,slf4j-demo

    2.pom.xml添加依赖

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>sfl4j-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    3.编写测试类Slf4jDemo.java

    package com.lxcourse.slf4j;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    
    /**
     * @author doubledumbao
     * Slf4j快速入门
     */
    public class Slf4jDemo {
    
        public static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Slf4jDemo.class);
    
        @Test
        public  void testQuick(){
            LOGGER.error("error");
            LOGGER.warn("warn");
            LOGGER.info("info");
            LOGGER.debug("debug");
            LOGGER.trace("trace");
            String name = "lxcourse";
            String url = "https://www.lxcourse.cn";
            LOGGER.info("网站:{},网址:{}",name,url);
    
            try {
                int a = 10/0;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                LOGGER.error("发生异常{}","hello",e);
            }
        }
    
    }
    

    slf4j绑定日志框架

    4.slf4j绑定logback

    pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>sfl4j-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!--   logback日志     -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    
    

    5.slf4j绑定slf4j-nop

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>sfl4j-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- slf4j 内置简单日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.27</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!--   logback日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!-- 绑定为NOP,静默丢弃所有日志记录。       -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    
    

    6.slf4j绑定log4j

    pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>sfl4j-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- slf4j 内置简单日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.27</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!--   logback日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!-- 绑定为NOP,静默丢弃所有日志记录。
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
             -->
            <!--  绑定log4j 1.2版(一种广泛使用的日志记录框架)。您还需要将log4j.jar放在类路径上。      -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    添加log4j.properties

    log4j.rootLogger=trace,console
    
    # 指定控制台日志输出的appender
    log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.console.layout.conversionPattern = [%-5p] %r %C %M %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %m%n
    

    7.slf4j绑定jdk14

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>sfl4j-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- slf4j 内置简单日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.27</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!--   logback日志
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!-- 绑定为NOP,静默丢弃所有日志记录。
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
             -->
            <!--  绑定log4j 1.2版(一种广泛使用的日志记录框架)。您还需要将log4j.jar放在类路径上。
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
             -->
            <!-- 绑定JUL日志 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    
    

    8.使用slf4j的日志绑定流程:

    1. 添加slf4j-api的依赖

    2. 使用slf4j的API在项目中进行统一的日志记录

    3. 绑定具体的日志实现框架

      3.1 绑定已经实现了slf4j的日志框架,直接添加对应依赖

      3.2 绑定没有实现slf4j的日志框架,先添加日志的适配器,再添加实现类的依赖

    4. slf4j有且仅有一个日志实现框架的绑定(如果出现多个默认使用第一个依赖日志实现)

    9.slf4j桥接器

    比如原来项目中使用的log4j,依赖如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>slf4j-bridge-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    
    </project>
    
    

    log4j.properties

    log4j.rootLogger=trace,console
    
    # 指定控制台日志输出的appender
    log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.console.layout.conversionPattern = [%-5p] %r %C %M %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %m%n
    

    测试代码:

    package com.lxcourse.log4j;
    
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    /**
     * @author doubledumbao
     */
    public class Log4jDemo {
    
        public static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Log4jDemo.class);
    
        @Test
        public void testQuick(){
            LOGGER.error("error");
            LOGGER.warn("warn");
            LOGGER.info("info");
            LOGGER.debug("debug");
            LOGGER.trace("trace");
        }
    }
    

    现在将日志框架替换为slf4j+logback

    pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>log-study</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.lxcourse</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>slf4j-bridge-demo</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 注释掉log4j的依赖
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
            -->
            <!--  slf4j的依赖  -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--  logback的依赖      -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--   log4j桥接器     -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.28</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    注意问题:

    1. jcl-over-slf4j.jar和 slf4j-jcl.jar不能同时部署。前一个jar文件将导致JCL将日志系统的选择委托给 SLF4J,后一个jar文件将导致SLF4J将日志系统的选择委托给JCL,从而导致无限循环。

    2. log4j-over-slf4j.jar和slf4j-log4j12.jar不能同时出现

    3. jul-to-slf4j.jar和slf4j-jdk14.jar不能同时出现

    4. 所有的桥接都只对Logger日志记录器对象有效,如果程序中调用了内部的配置类或者是Appender,Filter等对象,将无法产生效果。

    10.SLF4J原理解析

    1. SLF4J通过LoggerFactory加载日志具体的实现对象。
    2. LoggerFactory在初始化的过程中,会通过performInitialization()方法绑定具体的日志实现。
    3. 在绑定具体实现的时候,通过类加载器,加载org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class
    4. 所以,只要是一个日志实现框架,在org.slf4j.impl包中提供一个自己的StaticLoggerBinder类,在其中提供具体日志实现的LoggerFactory就可以被SLF4J所加载
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaoran8775/p/12990755.html
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