prometheus学习系列十一： Prometheus 安全

prometheus安全

我们这里说的安全主要是基本认证和https2种， 目前这2种安全在prometheus中都没有的， 需要借助第三方软件实现， 这里以nginx为例。

基本认证

配置基本认证

在前面的部署中，我们部署完毕prometheus server 后， 可以通过对应的http://192.168.100.10:9090就可以访问到我们的 表达式浏览器， 进行promql的查询了。 这是很不安全， 必要情况下，我们需要加入基本认证， 只有认证过的用户才能访问页面，进行数据的查询。

[root@node00 ~]# yum install httpd-tools  nginx
[root@node00 ~]# cd  /etc/nginx
[root@node00 nginx]# htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/.htpasswd admin

[root@node00 conf.d]# cat prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.conf 
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name prometheus.linuxpanda.tech ;

        location / {
            auth_basic           "Prometheus";
            auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
            proxy_pass           http://localhost:9090/;
        }
    }
[root@node00 conf.d]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
[root@node00 conf.d]# cat prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.conf 
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name prometheus.linuxpanda.tech ;

        location / {
            auth_basic           "Prometheus";
            auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
            proxy_pass           http://localhost:9090/;
        }
    }

[root@node00 conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx 
[root@node00 conf.d]# systemctl status nginx 

[root@node00 system]# pwd
/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@node00 system]# cat prometheus.service 
[Unit]
Description=prometheus
After=network.target 

[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus/prometheus --web.external-url=http://prometheus.linuxpanda.tech
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@node00 system]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@node00 system]# sytemctl restart prometheus 
-bash: sytemctl: command not found
[root@node00 system]# systemctl restart prometheus 
[root@node00 system]# systemctl status prometheus 

测试

配置域名解析

由于我们使用的是prometheus.linuxpanda.tech 这个域名， 我们需要确保这个域名能正常解析到对应的ip地址上面， 这里使用host绑定方式。

# 在我宿主机的hosts文件中加入如下行
192.168.100.10   prometheus.linuxpanda.tech 

登陆

在浏览器输入prometheus.linuxpanda.tech 这个域名后， 效果图如下，

输入我们前面设置的账户和密码 admin/admin 登陆后，效果如下。

https

配置https是需要证书的， 正式环境中的域名是需要花钱的，我们这里使用openssl这个软件来生成一个自签证书测试使用。

https配置

[root@node00 nginx]# cd /etc/nginx/
[root@node00 nginx]# mkdir ssl
[root@node00 nginx]# cd ssl/
[root@node00 ssl]# openssl req  -x509 -newkey rsa:4096  -nodes  -keyout prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.key -out prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.crt 
Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key
.............................................................++
...................................................................................................................................................++
writing new private key to 'prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:Bei          
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:^C
[root@node00 ssl]# openssl req  -x509 -newkey rsa:4096  -nodes  -keyout prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.key -out prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.crt 
Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key
..............................................................................................................................................................++
...............................................................++
writing new private key to 'prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:BEIJING
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BEIJING
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:prometheus.linuxpanda.tech
Email Address []:


[root@node00 conf.d]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
[root@node00 conf.d]# cat prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.conf 
    server {
        listen 80;
        listen 443 ssl;
        server_name prometheus.linuxpanda.tech ;
        ssl_certificate     ssl/prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key ssl/prometheus.linuxpanda.tech.key;
        location / {
            auth_basic           "Prometheus";
            auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
            proxy_pass           http://localhost:9090/;
        }
    }

[root@node00 conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx 
[root@node00 conf.d]# systemctl status nginx 

测试

在浏览器输入https://prometheus.linuxpanda.tech 这个域名后，也是会提示不安全的， 那是因为我们使用的是openssl自签证书，忽略证书信息，继续访问，可以访问到如下页面。